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PARALLEL TEXTS
CONVENZIONE INTERNAZIONALE SULLA PROTEZIONE DEI
DIRITTI DEI LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E DEI MEMBRI
DELLE LORO FAMIGLIE

Testi singoli tratti da: http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/m_mwctoc.htm
e http://www.onuitalia.it/diritto/convenzioni/InternationalConventionont.html

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF ALL MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

CONVENZIONE INTERNAZIONALE SULLA PROTEZIONE DEI DIRITTI DEI LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E DEI MEMBRI DELLE LORO FAMIGLIE

Adopted by General Assembly resolution 45/158 of 18 December 1990 Enters into force on 1 July 2003

a Adottata dall’Assemblea Generale nella sua risoluzione 45/158 del 18 dicembre 1990. Entra in vigore il primo luglio 2003.

PREAMBLE

PREAMBOLO

The States Parties to the present Convention,

Gli Stati parte della presente Convenzione,

Taking into account the principles embodied in the basic instruments of the United Nations concerning human rights, in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,

Tenendo conto dei principi consacrati dagli strumenti di base delle Nazioni Unite relativi ai diritti dell’uomo, in particolare la Dichiarazione universale dei diritti dell’uomo, Il Patto internazionale relativo ai diritti sociali, economici e culturali, il Patto internazionale relativo ai diritti civili e politici, la Convenzione internazionale sull’eliminazione di tutte le forme di discriminazione razziale, la Convenzione sull’eliminazione di tutte le forme di discriminazione nei riguardi delle donne e la Convenzione relativa ai diritti del fanciullo,

Taking into account also the principles and standards set forth in the relevant instruments elaborated within the framework of the International Labour Organisation, especially the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (No. 97), the Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers (No.143), the Recommendation concerning Migration for Employment (No. 86), the Recommendation concerning Migrant Workers (No.151), the Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour (No. 29) and the Convention concerning Abolition of Forced Labour (No. 105),

Tenendo conto allo stesso modo dei principi e delle norme riconosciuti tra gli strumenti pertinenti elaborati sotto gli auspici dell’Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro, e in particolare la Convenzione concernente i lavoratori migranti (n°97), la Convenzione concernente le migrazioni nelle condizioni abusive e la promozione dell’eguaglianza di opportunità e di trattamento dei lavoratori migranti (n° 143), le Raccomandazioni concernenti i lavoratori migranti (n°86 e n°151 ), nonché la Convenzione concernente il lavoro forzato o obbligatorio ( n°29 ) e la Convenzione concernente l’abolizione del lavoro forzato (n°105),

Reaffirming the importance of the principles contained in the Convention against Discrimination in Education of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization,

Nel riaffermare l’importanza dei principi enunciati nella Convenzione concernenti la lotta contro la discriminazione nell’ambito dell’insegnamento, dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l’educazione, la scienza e la cultura,

Recalling the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, the Declaration of the Fourth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, and the Slavery Conventions,

Richiamando la Convenzione contro la tortura e altre punizioni o trattamenti crudeli, inumani o degradanti, la Dichiarazione del IV Congresso delle Nazioni Unite per la prevenzione del crimine e il trattamento di coloro che delinquono, il Codice di condotta per i responsabili dell’applicazione delle leggi e le Convenzioni relative alla schiavitù,

Recalling that one of the objectives of the International Labour Organisation, as stated in its Constitution, is the protection of the interests of workers when employed in countries other than their own, and bearing in mind the expertise and experience of that organization in matters related to migrant workers and members of their families,

Richiamando che uno degli obiettivi dell’Organizzazione internazionale del lavoro, come previsto nella sua costituzione, è la protezione degli interessi dei lavoratori quando sono impiegati in un paese altro dal proprio, e avendo presenti le conoscenze specializzate e l’esperienza di detta organizzazione per le questioni concernenti i lavoratori migranti e le loro famiglie,

Recognizing the importance of the work done in connection with migrant workers and members of their families in various organs of the United Nations, in particular in the Commission on Human Rights and the Commission for Social Development, and in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Health Organization, as well as in other international organizations,

Riconoscendo l’importanza del lavoro realizzato nei riguardi dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie da diversi organi delle Nazioni Unite, particolarmente dalla Commissione dei diritti dell’uomo e la Commissione di Sviluppo Sociale, nonché dall’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l’alimentazione e l’agricoltura, dall’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l’educazione, la scienza e la cultura e dall’Organizzazione mondiale della salute e da altre organizzazioni internazionali,

Recognizing also the progress made by certain States on a regional or bilateral basis towards the protection of the rights of migrant workers and members of their families, as well as the importance and usefulness of bilateral and multilateral agreements in this field,

Riconoscendo allo stesso modo i progressi conseguiti da alcuni Stati su base regionale o bilaterale in vista della protezione dei diritti dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia, nonché l’importanza e l’utilità degli accordi bilaterali e multilaterali in questo ambito,

Realizing the importance and extent of the migration phenomenon, which involves millions of people and affects a large number of States in the international community,

Coscienti dell’importanza e della vastità del fenomeno migratorio, che coinvolge milioni di persone e riguarda un gran numero di paesi della comunità internazionale,

Aware of the impact of the flows of migrant workers on States and people concerned, and desiring to establish norms which may contribute to the harmonization of the attitudes of States through the acceptance of basic principles concerning the treatment of migrant workers and members of their families,

Coscienti degli effetti delle migrazioni di lavoratori sugli Stati e le popolazioni in causa e desiderosi di fissare norme che permettano agli Stati di armonizzare le loro intenzioni con l’accettazione di alcuni principi fondamentali per ciò che riguarda il trattamento dei lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie,

Considering the situation of vulnerability in which migrant workers and members of their families frequently-find themselves owing, among other things, to their absence from their State of origin and to the difficulties they may encounter arising from their presence in the State of employment,

Considerando la situazione di vulnerabilità nella quale si trovano frequentemente i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie per il fatto, tra gli altri, del loro allontanamento dallo Stato d’origine e di eventuali difficoltà, legate alla loro presenza nello Stato di impiego,

Convinced that the rights of migrant workers and members of their families have not been sufficiently recognized everywhere and therefore require appropriate international protection,

Convinti che, ovunque, i diritti del lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie non sono stati sufficientemente riconosciuti e che dovrebbero dunque beneficiare di una protezione internazionale appropriata,

Taking into account the fact that migration is often the cause of serious problems for the members of the families of migrant workers as well as for the workers themselves, in particular because of the scattering of the family,

Tenendo conto del fatto che, in numerosi casi, le migrazioni sono fonte di gravi problemi per i membri delle famiglie dei lavoratori migranti nonché per i lavoratori migranti stessi, in particolare a causa della dispersione della famiglia,

Bearing in mind that the human problems involved in migration are even more serious in the case of irregular migration and convinced therefore that appropriate action should be encouraged in order to prevent and eliminate clandestine movements and trafficking in migrant workers, while at the same time assuring the protection of their fundamental human rights,

Considerando che i problemi umani che comportano le migrazioni sono ancora più gravi nei casi di migrazioni irregolari e convinti di conseguenza che vadano incoraggiate misure appropriate al fine di prevenire ed eliminare i movimenti clandestini nonché il traffico dei lavoratori migranti, assicurando allo stesso tempo la protezione dei diritti fondamentali di questi ultimi,

Considering that workers who are non-documented or in an irregular situation are frequently employed under less favourable conditions of work than other workers and that certain employers find this an inducement to seek such labour in order to reap the benefits of unfair competition,

Considerando che i lavoratori sprovvisti di documenti o in situazione irregolare sono frequentemente impiegati in condizioni meno favorevoli di altri lavoratori e che certi datori di lavoro sono portati a ricercare una tale manodopera in vista di trarre beneficio da una concorrenza sleale,

Considering also that recourse to the employment of migrant workers who are in an irregular situation will be discouraged if the fundamental human rights of all migrant workers are more widely recognized and, moreover, that granting certain additional rights to migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation will encourage all migrants and employers to respect and comply with the laws and procedures established by the States concerned,

Considerando allo stesso modo che l’impiego di lavoratori migranti in situazione irregolare si troverà scoraggiato se i diritti fondamentali di tutti i lavoratori migranti sono più largamente riconosciuti e, inoltre, che l’accordo su alcuni diritti supplementari ai lavoratori migranti e ai membri delle loro famiglie in situazione regolare incoraggerebbe tutti i migranti e tutti i datori di lavoro a rispettare le leggi e procedure dello Stato interessato e a conformarvisi,

Convinced, therefore, of the need to bring about the international protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families, reaffirming and establishing basic norms in a comprehensive convention which could be applied universally,

Convinti per questa ragione della necessità di istituire la protezione internazionale dei diritti di tutti i lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie, nel riaffermare e nello stabilire norme di base nel quadro di una convenzione generale che sia universalmente applicata,

Have agreed as follows:

Hanno convenuto quanto segue:

PART I : SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS

PRIMA PARTE AMBITO DI APPLICAZIONE E DEFINIZIONI

Article 1

Articolo primo

1. The present Convention is applicable, except as otherwise provided hereafter, to all migrant workers and members of their families without distinction of any kind such as sex, race, colour, language, religion or conviction, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, nationality, age, economic position, property, marital status, birth or other status.

1. A meno che non vi sia disposto altrimenti, la presente Convenzione si applica a tutti i lavoratori migranti e ai membri della loro famiglia senza distinzione alcuna, in particolare di sesso, di razza, di colore, di lingua, di religione o di convinzione, di opinione politica o di tutta altra opinione, di origine nazionale, etnica o sociale, di nazionalità, di età, di situazione economica, patrimoniale, di situazione matrimoniale, di nascita o di altra situazione.

2. The present Convention shall apply during the entire migration process of migrant workers and members of their families, which comprises preparation for migration, departure, transit and the entire period of stay and remunerated activity in the State of employment as well as return to the State of origin or the State of habitual residence.

2. La presente Convenzione si applica a tutto il processo di migrazione dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia, che comprende i preparativi della migrazione, la partenza, il transito e tutta la durata del soggiorno, l’attività remunerata nello Stato di impiego, nonché il ritorno nello Stato di origine o nello Stato di residenza abituale.

Article 2

Articolo 2

For the purposes of the present Convention:

Ai fini della presente Convenzione:

1. The term "migrant worker" refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a State of which he or she is not a national.

1. L’espressione "lavoratori migranti" designa le persone che eserciteranno, esercitano o hanno esercitato una attività remunerata in uno Stato cui loro non appartengono;

2 (a) The term "frontier worker" refers to a migrant worker who retains his or her habitual residence in a neighbouring State to which he or she normally returns every day or at least once a week;

2. a) L’espressione "lavoratori frontalieri" designa i lavoratori migranti che mantengono la loro residenza abituale in uno Stato vicino nel quale tornano in principio ogni giorno o almeno una volta a settimana;

(b) The term "seasonal worker" refers to a migrant worker whose work by its character is dependent on seasonal conditions and is performed only during part of the year;

b) L’espressione "lavoratori stagionali" designa i lavoratori migranti la cui attività per sua natura, dipende dalle condizioni stagionali e non può essere esercitata che per una parte dell’anno;

(c) The term "seafarer", which includes a fisherman, refers to a migrant worker employed on board a vessel registered in a State of which he or she is not a national;

c) L’espressione "gente di mare", che comprende i pescatori, designa i lavoratori migranti impiegati a bordo di uno scafo immatricolato in uno Stato cui loro non appartengono;

(d) The term "worker on an offshore installation" refers to a migrant worker employed on an offshore installation that is under the jurisdiction of a State of which he or she is not a national;

d) L’espressione "lavoratori di una installazione in mare " designa i lavoratori migranti impiegati su una installazione in mare che risiede nella giurisdizione di uno Stato cui loro non appartengono;

(e) The term "itinerant worker'' refers to a migrant worker who, having his or her habitual residence in one State, has to travel to another State or States for short periods, owing to the nature of his or her occupation;

e) L’espressione "lavoratori itineranti" designa i lavoratori migranti che avendo loro residenza abituale in uno Stato, devono, per la natura della loro attività, recarsi in altri Stati per brevi periodi

(f) The term "project-tied worker" refers to a migrant worker admitted to a State of employment for a defined period to work solely on a specific project being carried out in that State by his or her employer;

f) L’espressione "lavoratori impiegati a titolo di progetto" designa i lavoratori migranti che sono stati ammessi in uno Stato di impiego per un tempo determinato per lavorare unicamente ad un progetto specifico eseguito in quello Stato per il loro datore di lavoro;

(g) The term "specified-employment worker" refers to a migrant worker:

g) L’espressione "lavoratore ammesso per un impiego specifico" designa i lavoratori migranti:

(i) Who has been sent by his or her employer for a restricted and defined period of time to a State of employment to undertake a specific assignment or duty; or

i) Che siano stati inviati dai loro datori di lavoro per un tempo limitato e determinato in uno Stato di impiego per portare a termine una missione o un compito specifico, o

(ii) Who engages for a restricted and defined period of time in work that requires professional, commercial, technical or other highly specialized skill; or

ii) Che intraprendano per un tempo limitato e determinato un lavoro che esige delle competenze professionali, commerciali, tecniche o altre altamente specializzate; o

(iii) Who, upon the request of his or her employer in the State of employment, engages for a restricted and defined period of time in work whose nature is transitory or brief; and who is required to depart from the State of employment either at the expiration of his or her authorized period of stay, or earlier if he or she no longer undertakes that specific assignment or duty or engages in that work;

iii) Che, su domanda del loro datore di lavoro nello Stato di impiego, intraprendono per un tempo limitato e determinato un lavoro di carattere provvisorio o di breve durata; e che sono tenuti a lasciare lo Stato di impiego sia al termine del loro soggiorno autorizzato, o piuttosto se essi non portano più a termine la missione o il risultato specifico, o se essi non eseguono più il lavoro iniziale;

(h) The term "self-employed worker" refers to a migrant worker who is engaged in a remunerated activity otherwise than under acontract of employment and who earns his or her living through this activity normally working alone or together with members of his or her family, and to any other migrant worker recognized as self-employed by applicable legislation of the State of employment or bilateral or multilateral agreements.

h) L’espressione "Lavoratore indipendente" designa i lavoratori migranti che esercitano una attività remunerata altrimenti che nel quadro di un contratto di lavoro e che guadagnano normalmente la loro sussistenza da quella attività lavorandovi da soli o con i membri delle loro famiglie, e tutti gli altri lavoratori migranti riconosciuti come lavoratori indipendenti in base alla legislazione applicabile dello Stato di impiego o ad accordi bilaterali o multilaterali.

Article 3

Articolo 3

The present Convention shall not apply to:

La presente Convenzione non si applica :

(a) Persons sent or employed by international organizations and agencies or persons sent or employed by a State outside its territory to perform official functions, whose admission and status are regulated by general international law or by specific international agreements or conventions;

a) A persone inviate o impiegate da organizzazioni e organismi internazionali né a persone inviate o impiegate da uno Stato fuori del proprio territorio per esercitare funzioni ufficiali, per i quali l’ammissione e lo statuto sono regolati dal diritto internazionale generale o da accordi internazionali o da convenzioni internazionali specifiche;

(b) Persons sent or employed by a State or on its behalf outside its territory who participate in development programmes and other co-operation programmes, whose admission and status are regulated by agreement with the State of employment and who, in accordance with that agreement, are not considered migrant workers;

b) A persone inviate o impiegate da uno Stato o per conto di uno Stato, fuori del proprio territorio che partecipano a programmi di sviluppo e ad altri programmi di cooperazione, per i quali l’ammissione e lo statuto sono regolati da un accordo specifico concluso con lo Stato di impiego e che, conformemente a quell’accordo, non sono considerati come lavoratori migranti;

(c) Persons taking up residence in a State different from their State of origin as investors;

c) A persone che divengono residenti di uno Stato altro dal loro Stato di origine in qualità di investitori;

(d) Refugees and stateless persons, unless such application is provided for in the relevant national legislation of, or international instruments in force for, the State Party concerned;

d) A rifugiati e apolidi, salvo disposizioni contrarie della legislazione nazionale pertinente dello Stato parte interessato o degli strumenti internazionali in vigore in quello Stato;

(e) Students and trainees;

e) a studenti e a stagisti;

(f) Seafarers and workers on an offshore installation who have not been admitted to take up residence and engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment.

f) A genti di mare e lavoratori di installazioni in mare che non sono stati autorizzati a risiedere o esercitare una attività remunerata nello Stato di impiego.

Article 4

Articolo 4

For the purposes of the present Convention the term ''members of the family" refers to persons married to migrant workers or having with them a relationship that, according to applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage, as well as their dependent children and other dependent persons who are recognized as members of the family by applicable legislation or applicable bilateral or multilateral agreements between the States concerned.

Ai fini della presente Convenzione, l’espressione "membri della famiglia" designa le persone sposate ai lavoratori migranti o aventi con questi delle relazioni che, in virtù della legge applicabile, producono degli effetti equivalenti al matrimonio, nonché i loro fanciulli a carico ed altre persone a carico che sono riconosciute come membri della famiglia in virtù della legislazione applicabile o di accordi bilaterali o multilaterali applicabili tra gli Stati interessati.

Article 5

Articolo 5

For the purposes of the present Convention, migrant workers and members of their families:

Ai fini della presente Convenzione, i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie:

(a) Are considered as documented or in a regular situation if they are authorized to enter, to stay and to engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment pursuant to the law of that State and to international agreements to which that State is a party;

a) Sono considerati come provvisti di documenti o in situazione regolare coloro che sono autorizzati ad entrare, soggiornare ed esercitare una attività remunerata nello Stato di impiego conformemente alla legislazione di tale Stato e agli accordi internazionali ai quali quello Stato partecipa;

(b) Are considered as non-documented or in an irregular situation if they do not comply with the conditions provided for in subparagraph (a) of the present article.

b) Sono considerati come sprovvisti di documenti o in situazione irregolare coloro che non rispecchiano le condizioni previste al punto a del presente articolo.

Article 6

Articolo 6

For the purposes of the present Convention:

Ai fini della presente Convenzione:

(a) The term "State of origin" means the State of which the person concerned is a national;

a) L’espressione "Stato di origine" si intende per lo Stato al quale la persona interessata appartiene;

(b) The term "State of employment" means a State where the migrant worker is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity, as the case may be;

b) L’espressione "Stato di impiego" si intende per lo Stato dove il lavoratore migrante va ad esercitare, esercita, o ha esercitato una attività remunerata, secondo il caso;

(c) The term "State of transit,' means any State through which the person concerned passes on any journey to the State of employment or from the State of employment to the State of origin or the State of habitual residence.

c) L’espressione "Stato di transito" si intende per tutti gli Stati per i quali la persona interessata passa per recarsi nello Stato di impiego o dallo Stato di impiego allo Stato di origine o allo Stato di residenza abituale.

 PART II : NON-DISCRIMINATION WITH RESPECT TO RIGHTS

SECONDA PARTE: NON-DISCRIMINAZIONE IN MATERIA DI DIRITTI

Article 7

Articolo 7

States Parties undertake, in accordance with the international instruments concerning human rights, to respect and to ensure to all migrant workers and members of their families within their territory or subject to their jurisdiction the rights provided for in the present Convention without distinction of any kind such as to sex, race, colour, language, religion or conviction, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, nationality, age, economic position, property, marital status, birth or other status.

Gli Stati parte si impegnano, in maniera conforme alle disposizioni degli strumenti internazionali relativi ai diritti dell’uomo, a rispettare e a garantire a tutti i lavoratori migranti e ai membri della loro famiglia che si trovano sul loro territorio e su cui ricade la loro giurisdizione i diritti riconosciuti nella presente Convenzione senza distinzione alcuna, e in particolare di sesso, di razza, di colore, di lingua, di religione o di convinzione, di opinione politica o di qualunque altra opinione, d’origine nazionale, etnica o sociale, di nazionalità, di età, di situazione economica, patrimoniale, di situazione matrimoniale, di nascita o di qualunque altra situazione.

PART III : HUMAN RIGHTS OF ALL MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

TERZA PARTE: DIRITTI DELL’UOMO DI TUTTI I LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E DEI MEMBRI DELLA LORO FAMIGLIA

Article 8

Articolo 8

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall be free to leave any State, including their State of origin. This right shall not be subject to any restrictions except those that are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present part of the Convention.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia sono liberi di lasciare tutti gli Stati, ivi compreso il loro Stato di origine. Questo diritto non può essere oggetto di restrizioni se non quelle previste dalla legge, necessarie alla protezione della sicurezza nazionale, dell’ordine pubblico, della salute o della moralità pubblica, o del diritto e libertà degli altri, e compatibili con gli altri diritti riconosciuti dalla presente parte della Convenzione.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right at any time to enter and remain in their State of origin.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto in qualunque momento a rientrare e dimorare nel loro Stato di origine.

Article 9

Articolo 9

The right to life of migrant workers and members of their families shall be protected by law.

Il diritto alla vita dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie è protetto dalla legge.

Article 10

Articolo 10

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere sottomesso a tortura né a pene o trattamenti crudeli, inumani o degradanti.

Article 11

Articolo 11

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be held in slavery or servitude.

1. Nessun Lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere tenuto in schiavitù o servitù.

2. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.

2. Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere costretto a svolgere un lavoro forzato oppure obbligatorio.

3. Paragraph 2 of the present article shall not be held to preclude, in States where imprisonment with hard labour may be imposed as a punishment for a crime, the performance of hard labour in pursuance of a sentence to such punishment by a competent court.

3. Il paragrafo 2 del presente articolo non dovrà essere interpretato in maniera tale da escludere, nello Stato dove certi crimini possono essere puniti con la detenzione accompagnata a lavoro forzato, lo svolgersi di una pena di lavoro forzato inflitta da un tribunale competente.

4. For the purpose of the present article the term "forced or compulsory labour" shall not include:

4. Non è considerato come "lavoro forzato o obbligatorio" ai sensi del presente articolo:

(a) Any work or service not referred to in paragraph 3 of the present article normally required of a person who is under detention in consequence of a lawful order of a court or of a person during conditional release from such detention;

a) Tutto il lavoro o il servizio, non nominato al paragrafo 3 del presente articolo, normalmente richiesto ad un individuo che è detenuto in virtù di una decisione di giustizia regolare o che, essendo stato oggetto di tale decisione, stia scontando pene alternative;

(b) Any service exacted in cases of emergency or clamity threatening the life or well-being of the community;

b) Tutto il servizio richiesto nel caso di forza maggiore o di sinistri che minacciano la vita o il benessere della comunità;

(c) Any work or service that forms part of normal civil obligations so far as it is imposed also on citizens of the State concerned.

c) Tutto il lavoro o tutto il servizio che faccia parte degli obblighi civili normali nella misura in cui ciò sia egualmente imposto ai cittadini dello Stato considerato.

Article 12

Articolo 12

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of their choice and freedom either individually or in community with others and in public or private to manifest their religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno diritto alla libertà di pensiero, di coscienza e di religione. Questo diritto implica la libertà di avere o adottare una religione o una convinzione di loro scelta, nonché la libertà di manifestare la propria religione o la propria convinzione, individualmente o in comune, tanto in pubblico quanto in privato, per il culto e la celebrazione dei riti, le pratiche e l’insegnamento.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subject to coercion that would impair their freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of their choice.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie non possono subire alcuna costrizione che attenti alla loro libertà di avere o di adottare una religione o una convinzione di loro scelta.

3. Freedom to manifest one's religion or belief may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others.

3. La libertà di manifestare la propria religione o le proprie convinzioni non può essere oggetto di restrizioni se non quelle previste dalla legge e che sono necessarie alla protezione della sicurezza, dell’ordine, della salute o della moralità pubblica o delle libertà e diritti fondamentali altrui.

4. States Parties to the present Convention undertake to have respect for the liberty of parents, at least one of whom is a migrant worker, and, when applicable, legal guardians to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions.

4. Gli Stati parte della presente Convenzione si impegnano a rispettare la libertà dei genitori, tra i quali almeno uno sia un lavoratore migrante, e, nel caso, dei tutori legali di far assicurare l’educazione religiosa e morale dei loro fanciulli in maniera conforme alle loro proprie convinzioni.

Article 13

Articolo 13

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to hold opinions without interference.

1. I lavoratori migranti e le loro famiglie non possono essere molestati per le loro opinioni.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art or through any other media of their choice.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno diritto alla libertà di espressione; Questo diritto comprende la libertà di ricercare, di ricevere, e di rispondere ad informazioni e idee di qualsiasi specie, senza riguardo a frontiere, sotto forma orale, scritta, stampata, o artistica, o per qualunque altro mezzo di propria scelta.

3. The exercise of the right provided for in paragraph 2 of the present article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:

3. L’esercizio del diritto previsto al paragrafo 2 del presente articolo comporta dei doveri speciali e delle responsabilità speciali. Si può di conseguenza essere sottomessi a certe restrizioni che devono tuttavia essere espressamente fissate dalla legge e che sono necessarie:

(a) For respect of the rights or reputation of others;

a) Al rispetto dei diritti e della reputazione di altri;

(b) For the protection of the national security of the States concerned or of public order (ordre public) or of public health or morals;

b) Alla salvaguardia della sicurezza nazionale degli Stati concernenti, dell’ordine pubblico, della salute pubblica o della moralità;

(c) For the purpose of preventing any propaganda for war;

c) Al fine di impedire tutta la propaganda a favore della guerra

(d) For the purpose of preventing any advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence.

d) Al fine di impedire qualunque appello all’odio nazionale, razziale o religioso, che costituisce una incitazione alla discriminazione, all’ostilità o alla violenza.

Article 14

Articolo 14

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home, correspondence or other communications, or to unlawful attacks on his or her honour and reputation. Each migrant worker and member of his or her family shall have the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere oggetto di ingerenze arbitrarie o illegali nella sua vita privata, nella sua famiglia, nel suo domicilio, nella sua corrispondenza o in altre sue modalità di comunicazione, né ad attentati illegali al suo onore e alla sua reputazione. Ogni lavoratore migrante e membro della sua famiglia ha diritto alla protezione della legge contro tali ingerenze o tali attentati.

Article 15

Articolo 15

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be arbitrarily deprived of property, whether owned individually or in association with others. Where, under the legislation in force in the State of employment, the assets of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family are expropriated in whole or in part, the person concerned shall have the right to fair and adequate compensation.

Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere privato arbitrariamente di beni propri, dei quali sia proprietario a titolo individuale o in associazione con altre persone. Quando, in virtù della legislazione in vigore nello Stato di impiego, i beni di un lavoratore migrante o di un membro della sua famiglia siano oggetto di una espropriazione totale o parziale, l’interessato ha diritto ad una indennità equa e adeguata.

Article 16

Articolo 16

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to liberty and security of person.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia hanno diritto alla libertà e alla sicurezza delle loro persone.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall be entitled to effective protection by the State against violence, physical injury, threats and intimidation, whether by public officials or by private individuals, groups or institutions.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia hanno diritto alla protezione effettiva dello Stato contro la violenza, i danni corporali, le minacce e le intimidazioni, che siano fatte da funzionari o da singoli individui, da gruppi o da istituzioni.

3. Any verification by law enforcement officials of the identity of migrant workers or members of their families shall be carried out in accordance with procedure established by law.

3. Ogni verifica dell’identità dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie da parte degli agenti di polizia viene effettuata in maniera conforme alla procedura prevista dalla legge.

4. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subjected individually or collectively to arbitrary arrest or detention; they shall not be deprived o their liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with such procedures as are established by law.

4. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie non possono essere soggetti, individualmente o collettivamente, ad un arresto o una detenzione arbitraria; essi non possono essere privati della loro libertà, se non per i motivi e in maniera conforme alla procedura prevista dalla legge.

5. Migrant workers and members of their families who are arrested shall be informed at the time of arrest as far as possible in a language they understand of the reasons for their arrest and they shall be promptly informed in a language they understand of any charges against them.

5. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che siano stati arrestati sono informati, al momento del loro arresto, se possibile in una lingua che essi comprendono, delle ragioni di tale arresto e sono informati in tempi brevi, in una lingua che loro comprendono, su tutte le accuse mosse contro di loro.

6. Migrant workers and members of their families who are arrested or detained on a criminal charge shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release. It shall not be the general rule that while awaiting trial they shall be detained in custody, but release may be subject to guarantees to appear for trial, at any other stage of the judicial proceedings and, should the occasion arise, for the execution of the judgement.

6. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che vengono arrestati o detenuti a motivo di una infrazione penale devono essere tradotti al più presto davanti a un giudice o una altra autorità abilitata per legge ad esercitare le funzioni giudiziarie e devono essere giudicati in un lasso di tempo ragionevole o liberati. La loro detenzione in attesa di passare in giudicato non deve costituire la regola, ma la loro messa in libertà può essere subordinata ad alcune garanzie che assicurino la loro comparizione all’audizione, a tutti gli altri atti della procedura, e, nei casi dovuti, all’esecuzione della sentenza.

7. When a migrant worker or a member of his or her family is arrested or committed to prison or custody pending trial or is detained in any other manner:

7. Se alcuni lavoratori migranti o dei membri della loro famiglia sono arrestati o sono imprigionati o posti sotto controllo in attesa di passare in giudicato o sono detenuti in qualunque altra maniera:

(a) The consular or diplomatic authorities of his or her State of origin or of a State representing the interests of that State shall, if he or she so requests, be informed without delay of his or her arrest or detention and of the reasons therefor;

a) Le autorità consolari o diplomatiche dei loro Stati d’origine o di uno Stato rappresentante gli interessi di tale Stato vengono informati al più presto, a loro richiesta, sul loro arresto o sulla loro detenzione e dei motivi addotti;

(b) The person concerned shall have the right to communicate with the said authorities. Any communication by the person concerned to the said authorities shall be forwarded without delay, and he or she shall also have the right to receive communications sent by the said authorities without delay;

b) Gli interessati hanno il diritto di comunicare con le suddette autorità. Tutte le comunicazioni indirizzate alle suddette autorità dagli interessati gli vengono trasmesse al più presto come hanno anche il diritto di ricevere al più presto comunicazioni dalle suddette autorità;

(c) The person concerned shall be informed without delay of this right and of rights deriving from relevant treaties, if any, applicable between the States concerned, to correspond and to meet with representatives of the said authorities and to make arrangements with them for his or her legal representation.

c) Gli interessati vengono informati al più presto di questo diritto e dei diritti derivanti dai trattati in materia che impongono, nei casi dovuti, gli Stati interessati, di corrispondere e di adoperarsi con i rappresentanti delle suddette autorità e di prendere tra di loro disposizioni in vista della loro rappresentanza legale.

8. Migrant workers and members of their families who are deprived of their liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings before a court, in order that that court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of their detention and order their release if the detention is not lawful. When they attend such proceedings, they shall have the assistance, if necessary without cost to them, of an interpreter, if they cannot understand or speak the language used.

8. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che si trovino privati della loro libertà per arresto o detenzione hanno il diritto di introdurre un ricorso presso un tribunale affinché questo stabilisca al più presto sulla legalità della loro detenzione e ordini la loro liberazione se la detenzione è illegale. Quando assistono all’udienza, gli interessati beneficiano gratuitamente, in caso di bisogno, dell’assistenza di un interprete se loro non comprendono o non parlano la lingua utilizzata.

9. Migrant workers and members of their families who have been victims of unlawful arrest or detention shall have an enforceable right to compensation.

9. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie vittime di arresto o di detenzione illegale hanno diritto al risarcimento.

Article 17

Articolo 17

1. Migrant workers and members of their families who are deprived of their liberty shall be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person and for their cultural identity.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che vengono privati della loro libertà sono trattati con umanità e con il rispetto della dignità inerente alla persona umana e della loro identità culturale.

2. Accused migrant workers and members of their families shall, save in exceptional circumstances, be separated from convicted persons and shall be subject to separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons. Accused juvenile persons shall be separated from adults and brought as speedily as possible for adjudication.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie imputati sono, salvo alcune circostanze eccezionali, separati dai condannati e sottomessi ad un regime diverso, appropriato alla loro condizione di persone non condannate. I giovani imputati vengono separati dagli adulti e si decide sul loro caso il più rapidamente possibile

3. Any migrant worker or member of his or her family who is detained in a State of transit or in a State of employment for violation of provisions relating to migration shall be held, in so far as practicable, separately from convicted persons or persons detained pending trial.

3. I lavoratori migranti o i membri delle loro famiglie che sono detenuti in uno Stato di transito o uno Stato di impiego a causa di una infrazione alle disposizioni relative alle migrazioni devono essere separati, nella misura del possibile, dai condannati o imputati.

4. During any period of imprisonment in pursuance of a sentence imposed by a court of law, the essential aim of the treatment of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family shall be his or her reformation and social rehabilitation. Juvenile offenders shall be separated from adults and be accorded treatment appropriate to their age and legal status.

4. Durante tutto il periodo nel quale dei lavoratori migranti o dei membri della loro famiglia siano imprigionati in virtù di una sentenza pronunciata da un tribunale, il regime penitenziario comporta un trattamento il cui obiettivo essenziale è la loro espiazione e il loro recupero sociale. I giovani che delinquono vengono separati dagli adulti e sottomessi ad un regime appropriato alla loro età ed al loro status legale.

5. During detention or imprisonment, migrant workers and members of their families shall enjoy the same rights as nationals to visits by members of their families.

5. Durante la loro detenzione o il loro imprigionamento, i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie godono quanto i nazionali degli stessi diritti di visita dei membri delle loro famiglie.

6. Whenever a migrant worker is deprived of his or her liberty, the competent authorities of the State concerned shall pay attention to the problems that may be posed for members of his or her family, in particular for spouses and minor children.

6. Ogni volta che i lavoratori migranti vengono privati della loro libertà le autorità competenti dello Stato interessato accordano una attenzione particolare ai problemi che potrebbero porsi nei confronti delle loro famiglie, particolarmente al coniuge e ai figli minorenni.

7. Migrant workers and members of their families who are subjected to any form of detention or imprisonment in accordance with the law in force in the State of employment or in the State of transit shall enjoy the same rights as nationals of those States who are in the same situation.

7. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che sono sottoposti a una qualunque forma di detenzione o di imprigionamento in virtù delle leggi dello Stato di impiego o dello Stato di Transito godono dei medesimi diritti degli appartenenti a quello Stato che si trovano nella stessa situazione.

8. If a migrant worker or a member of his or her family is detained for the purpose of verifying any infraction of provisions related to migration, he or she shall not bear any costs arising therefrom.

8. Se dei lavoratori migranti o dei membri delle loro famiglie sono detenuti al fine di verificare se consista una infrazione alle disposizioni relative alle migrazioni, nessuna frase che ne risulti potrà essere mossa a loro carico.

Article 18

Articolo 18

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to equality with nationals of the State concerned before the courts and tribunals. In the determination of any criminal charge against them or of their rights and obligations in a suit of law, they shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno gli stessi diritti dei cittadini dello Stato considerato dinanzi ai tribunali. Hanno diritto che la loro causa sia considerata equamente e pubblicamente da un tribunale competente, indipendente ed imparziale, stabilito per legge, che deciderà sia la fondatezza di tutte le accuse di carattere penale diritte contro di lui, sia delle contestazioni sui loro diritti ed obblighi di carattere civile.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families who are charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie accusati di una infrazione penale sono presunti innocenti sino a quando la loro colpevolezza viene legalmente stabilita.

3. In the determination of any criminal charge against them, migrant workers and members of their families shall be entitled to the following minimum guarantees:

3. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie accusati di una infrazione penale hanno diritto almeno alle seguenti garanzie :

(a) To be informed promptly and in detail in a language they understand of the nature and cause of the charge against them;

a) Essere informati, al più presto, in una lingua che loro comprendono ed in maniera dettagliata, sulla natura e sui motivi dell’accusa portata contro di loro;

(b) To have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of their defence and to communicate with counsel of their own choosing;

b) Disporre dei tempi e delle facilitazioni necessarie alla preparazione della loro difesa e di comunicare con il consulente di loro scelta;

(c) To be tried without undue delay;

c) Essere giudicati senza ritardo eccessivo

(d) To be tried in their presence and to defend themselves in person or through legal assistance of their own choosing; to be informed, if they do not have legal assistance, of this right; and to have legal assistance assigned to them, in any case where the interests of justice so require and without payment by them in any such case if they do not have sufficient means to pay;

d) Essere presenti al processo e difendersi da sé o avere l’assistenza di un difensore di loro scelta; se non si dispone di difensori, essere informati del loro diritto di averne uno e, ogni volta che l’interesse della giustizia lo esige, avere a disposizione d’ufficio un difensore, gratuito, se egli non dispone dei mezzi per remunerarlo;

(e) To examine or have examined the witnesses against them and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on their behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against them;

e) Interrogare o fare interrogare i testimoni a favore ed ottenere la comparizione e l’interrogatorio dei testimoni a sfavore nelle stesse condizioni dei testimoni a favore;

(f) To have the free assistance of an interpreter if they cannot understand or speak the language used in court;

f) Farsi assistere gratuitamente da un interprete se egli non comprende o non parla la lingua impiegata durante l’udienza;

(g) Not to be compelled to testify against themselves or to confess guilt.

g) Non essere forzati a testimoniare contro sé stessi o di dichiararsi colpevoli.

4. In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account of their age and the desirability of promoting their rehabilitation.

4. La procedura applicabile ai minori terrà conto della loro età e dell’interesse che presenta la loro rieducazione.

5. Migrant workers and members of their families convicted of a crime shall have the right to their conviction and sentence being reviewed by a higher tribunal according to law.

5. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie dichiarati colpevoli di una infrazione hanno il diritto di fare esaminare da una giurisdizione superiore la dichiarazione di colpevolezza e la condanna, in maniera conforme alla legge.

6. When a migrant worker or a member of his or her family has, by a final decision, been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his or her conviction has been reversed or he or she has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to that person.

6. Quando una condanna penale definitiva viene successivamente annullata o quando la grazia viene accordata perché un fatto recente o recentemente rivelato prova che è stato prodotto un errore giudiziario, i lavoratori migranti o i membri delle loro famiglie che hanno subito una pena in ragione di tale condanna vengono indennizzati, in maniera conforme alla legge, a meno che venga provato che la non rivelazione in tempo utile del fatto sconosciuto è imputabile loro in parte o totalmente.

7. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he or she has already been finally convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of the State concerned.

7. Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere perseguito o punito in ragione di una infrazione per la quale egli sia stato già assolto o condannato da un giudizio definitivo, in maniera conforme alla legge e alla procedura penale dello Stato concernente.

Article 19

Articolo 19

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be held guilty of any criminal offence on account of any act or omission that did not constitute a criminal offence under national or international law at the time when the criminal offence was committed, nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time when it was committed. If, subsequent to the commission of the offence, provision is made by law for the imposition of a lighter penalty, he or she shall benefit thereby.

1. Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia deve essere riconosciuto colpevole di un atto delittuoso per una azione o omissione che non costituisca un atto delittuoso di fronte al diritto nazionale o internazionale al momento in cui questo è stato commesso; allo stesso modo, non sarà inflitta alcuna pena più dura di quella che sia applicabile al momento in cui l’infrazione sia stata commessa. Se, posteriormente a tale infrazione la legge prevede l’applicazione di una pena più leggera, l’interessato ne deve beneficiare.

2. Humanitarian considerations related to the status of a migrant worker, in particular with respect to his or her right of residence or work, should be taken into account in imposing a sentence for a criminal offence committed by a migrant worker or a member of his or her family.

2. Quando si determina la pena per una infrazione commessa da un lavoratore migrante o un membro della sua famiglia, dovrebbe essere tenuto conto delle considerazioni umanitarie legate alla condizione del lavoratore migrante in particolare per quel che concerne il suo permesso di soggiorno o il suo permesso di lavoro

Article 20

Articolo 20

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be imprisoned merely on the ground of failure to fulfil a contractual obligation.

1. Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere imprigionato per la sola ragione di non avere eseguito un obbligo contrattuale.

2. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be deprived of his or her authorization of residence or work permit or expelled merely on the ground of failure to fulfil an obligation arising out of a work contract unless fulfilment of that obligation constitutes a condition for such authorization or permit.

2. Nessun lavoratore migrante o membro della sua famiglia può essere privato della sua autorizzazione di residenza o del suo permesso di lavoro né essere espulso per la sola ragione di non avere eseguito un obbligo risultante da un contratto di lavoro, a meno che l’esecuzione di tale obbligo non costituisca una condizione di rilascio di questa autorizzazione o di questo permesso.

Article 21

Articolo 21

It shall be unlawful for anyone, other than a public official duly authorized by law, to confiscate, destroy or attempt to destroy identity documents, documents authorizing entry to or stay, residence or establishment in the national territory or work permits. No authorized confiscation of such documents shall take place without delivery of a detailed receipt. In no case shall it be permitted to destroy the passport or equivalent document of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family.

Nessuno, che non sia un funzionario debitamente autorizzato dalla legge a tale effetto, ha il diritto di confiscare, di distruggere o di tentare di distruggere dei documenti di identità, dei documenti autorizzanti l’entrata il soggiorno, la residenza o la stabilizzazione sul territorio nazionale, o del permesso di lavoro. Quando questa sia autorizzata, la confisca dei documenti deve dare luogo al rilascio di una ricevuta dettagliata. Non è permesso in alcun caso di distruggere i passaporti o documenti equivalenti dei lavoratori migranti o dei membri delle loro famiglie.

Article 22

Articolo 22

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subject to measures of collective expulsion. Each case of expulsion shall be examined and decided individually.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie non possono essere oggetto di una espulsione collettiva. Qualunque caso di espulsione deve essere esaminato e interpretato su base individuale.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families may be expelled from the territory of a State Party only in pursuance of a decision taken by the competent authority in accordance with law.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie non possono essere espulsi dal territorio di una Stato parte che in applicazione di una decisione presa dall’autorità competente in maniera conforme alla legge.

3. The decision shall be communicated to them in a language they understand. Upon their request where not otherwise mandatory, the decision shall be communicated to them in writing and, save in exceptional circumstances on account of national security, the reasons for the decision likewise stated. The persons concerned shall be informed of these rights before or at the latest at the time the decision is rendered.

3. La decisione deve essere notificata agli interessati in una lingua che essi comprendono. Su loro domanda, Quando questo non sia già obbligatorio, la decisione deve essere notificata per iscritto e, salvo circostanze eccezionali giustificate dalla sicurezza nazionale, questa viene ugualmente debitamente motivata. Gli interessati sono informati di questo diritto prima che la decisione sia presa, o al più tardi al momento in cui questa viene presa.

4. Except where a final decision is pronounced by a judicial authority, the person concerned shall have the right to submit the reason he or she should not be expelled and to have his or her case reviewed by the competent authority, unless compelling reasons of national security require otherwise. Pending such review, the person concerned shall have the right to seek a stay of the decision of expulsion.

4. Al di fuori dei casi in cui la decisione finale viene pronunciata da una autorità giudiziaria, gli interessati hanno il diritto di fare valere le ragioni di non essere espulsi e di fare esaminare il loro caso dall’autorità competente, a meno che delle ragioni imperative di sicurezza nazionale non esigano che sia altrimenti. Aspettando tale esame, gli interessati hanno il diritto di domandare la sospensione della decisione dell’espulsione.

5. If a decision of expulsion that has already been executed is subsequently annulled, the person concerned shall have the right to seek compensation according to law and the earlier decision shall not be used to prevent him or her from re-entering the State concerned.

5. Se una decisione di espulsione già eseguita viene di seguito annullata, gli interessati hanno il diritto di domandare delle riparazioni in maniera conforme alla legge e la decisione anteriore non viene invocata per impedirgli di fare ritorno nello Stato concernente.

6. In case of expulsion, the person concerned shall have a reasonable opportunity before or after departure to settle any claims for wages and other entitlements due to him or her and any pending liabilities.

6. In caso di espulsione, gli interessati devono avere una possibilità ragionevole, prima o dopo la loro partenza, di farsi versare tutti i salari o altre prestazioni che gli siano eventualmente dovute e di regolare tutte le obbligazioni in sospeso dovute

7. Without prejudice to the execution of a decision of expulsion, a migrant worker or a member of his or her family who is subject to such a decision may seek entry into a State other than his or her State of origin.

7. Senza pregiudicare l’esecuzione di una decisione di espulsione, i lavoratori migranti o i membri delle loro famiglie che siano oggetto di una tale decisione possono domandare di essere ammessi in uno Stato altro di quello di origine.

8. In case of expulsion of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family the costs of expulsion shall not be borne by him or her. The person concerned may be required to pay his or her own travel costs.

8. In caso di espulsione di lavoratori migranti o di membri delle loro famiglie, le spese dell’espulsione non sono a loro carico. Gli interessati possono essere costretti a pagare le spese del loro viaggio

9. Expulsion from the State of employment shall not in itself prejudice any rights of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family acquired in accordance with the law of that State, including the right to receive wages and other entitlements due to him or her.

9. In sé stessa, l’espulsione dello Stato di impiego non lede alcun diritto acquisito, in maniera conforme alla legislazione di questo stato, per i lavoratori migranti o i membri delle loro famiglie, e comprendendo il diritto di percepire i salari ed altre prestazioni che gli sono dovute.

Article 23

Articolo 23

Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to have recourse to the protection and assistance of the consular or diplomatic authorities of their State of origin or of a State representing the interests of that State whenever the rights recognized in the present Convention are impaired. In particular, in case of expulsion, the person concerned shall be informed of this right without delay and the authorities of the expelling State shall facilitate the exercise of such right.

I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di ricorrere al ricorso alla protezione e all’assistenza delle autorità consolari o diplomatiche del loro Stato di origine o dello Stato rappresentante gli interessi di questo Stato in caso di attentato ai diritti riconosciuti dalla presente Convenzione. In particolare, in caso di espulsione, l’interessato viene informato prontamente di questo diritto e le autorità dello Stato che lo espelle ne facilitano l’esercizio.

Article 24

Articolo 24

Every migrant worker and every member of his or her family shall have the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

Tutti i lavoratori migranti e tutti i membri della loro famiglia hanno il diritto al riconoscimento in tutti i luoghi della loro personalità giuridica.

Article 25

Articolo 25

1. Migrant workers shall enjoy treatment not less favourable than that which applies to nationals of the State of employment in respect of remuneration and:

1. I lavoratori migranti devono beneficiare di un trattamento non meno favorevole di quello di cui beneficiano i nazionali dello Stato di impiego in materia di remunerazione e ;

(a) Other conditions of work, that is to say, overtime, hours of work, weekly rest, holidays with pay, safety, health, termination of the employment relationship and any other conditions of work which, according to national law and practice, are covered by these terms;

a) Di altre condizioni di lavoro, ovvero ore straordinarie, orari di lavoro, riposo settimanale, congedo pagato, sicurezza, salute, cessazione di impiego, e tutte le altre condizioni di lavoro che, secondo la legislazione e la pratica nazionale sono intese con questo termine;

(b) Other terms of employment, that is to say, minimum age of employment, restriction on home work and any other matters which, according to national law and practice, are considered a term of employment.

b) Di altre condizioni di impiego, ovvero l’età minima di impiego, le restrizioni al lavoro a domicilio e tutte le altre questioni che, secondo la legislazione e gli usi nazionali, sono considerati come termini di impiego.

2. It shall not be lawful to derogate in private contracts of employment from the principle of equality of treatment referred to in paragraph 1 of the present article.

2. Non si può derogare legalmente, nei contratti di lavoro privati, al principio dell’uguaglianza di trattamento al quale si riferisce il paragrafo 1 del presente articolo.

3. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that migrant workers are not deprived of any rights derived from this principle by reason of any irregularity in their stay or employment. In particular, employers shall not be relieved of any legal or contractual obligations, nor shall their obligations be limited in any manner by reason of such irregularity.

3. Gli Stati parte adottano tutte le misure appropriate per provvedere che i lavoratori migranti non siano privati dei diritti che derivano da questo principio in ragione dell’irregolarità della loro situazione in materia di soggiorno o di impiego. Una tale irregolarità non deve in particolare avere per effetto di dispensare il datore di lavoro dei suoi obblighi legali o contrattuali o di restringere in alcuna maniera la portata dei suoi obblighi.

Article 26

Articolo 26

1. States Parties recognize the right of migrant workers and members of their families:

1. Gli Stati parte riconoscono a tutti i lavoratori migranti e a tutti i membri delle loro famiglie il diritto:

(a) To take part in meetings and activities of trade unions and of any other associations established in accordance with law, with a view to protecting their economic, social, cultural and other interests, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned;

a) Di partecipare alle riunioni e alle attività dei sindacati e di tutte le altre associazioni create conformemente alla legge, in vista di proteggere i loro interessi economici, sociali, culturali e altri con l’unica riserva delle regole fissate dalle organizzazioni interessate.

(b) To join freely any trade union and any such association as aforesaid, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned;

b) Di aderire liberamente a tutti i sindacati e le associazioni summenzionati, con l’unica riserva delle regole fissate dalle organizzazioni interessate.

(c) To seek the aid and assistance of any trade union and of any such association as aforesaid.

Di domandare aiuto e assistenza a tutti i sindacati e le associazioni summenzionate.

2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of these rights other than those that are prescribed by law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public order (ordre public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

2. L’esercizio di questo diritto non può essere soggetto a restrizione se non quelle previste per legge e che costituiscono delle misure necessarie, in una società democratica, nell’interesse della sicurezza nazionale o dell’ordine pubblico o per proteggere i diritti e libertà altrui.

Article 27

Articolo 27

1. With respect to social security, migrant workers and members of their families shall enjoy in the State of employment the same treatment granted to nationals in so far as they fulfil the requirements provided for by the applicable legislation of that State and the applicable bilateral and multilateral treaties. The competent authorities of the State of origin and the State of employment can at any time establish the necessary arrangements to determine the modalities of application of this norm.

1. In materia di sicurezza sociale, i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie beneficiano, nello Stato di impiego, dell’uguaglianza di trattamento con i nazionali nella misura in cui rispondono alle condizioni richieste dalla legislazione applicabile in questo Stato e i Trattati bilaterali e multilaterali applicabili. Le autorità competenti dello Stato di origine e dello Stato di impiego, possono in qualunque momento prendere le disposizioni necessarie a determinare le modalità di applicazione di questa norma.

2. Where the applicable legislation does not allow migrant workers and members of their families a benefit, the States concerned shall examine the possibility of reimbursing interested persons the amount of contributions made by them with respect to that benefit on the basis of the treatment granted to nationals who are in similar circumstances.

2. Quando la legislazione applicabile priva i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie di una prestazione, gli Stati concernenti esaminano la possibilità di rimborsare agli interessati l’ammontare dei costi che gli sono versati a titolo di questa prestazione, sulla base del trattamento che viene accordato al nazionale che si trovi in una situazione similare.

Article 28

Articolo 28

Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to receive any medical care that is urgently required for the preservation of their life or the avoidance of irreparable harm to their health on the basis of equality of treatment with nationals of the State concerned. Such emergency medical care shall not be refused them by reason of any irregularity with regard to stay or employment.

I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia hanno il diritto di ricevere tutti i servizi medici che sono necessari di urgenza per preservare le loro vite o evitare un danno irreparabile alla loro salute, sulla base dell’uguaglianza di trattamento con i cittadini dello Stato in causa. Da tali servizi medici di urgenza non vengono rifiutati in ragione di una qualunque irregolarità in materia di soggiorno o di impiego.

Article 29

Articolo 29

Each child of a migrant worker shall have the right to a name, to registration of birth and to a nationality.

Ogni figlio di migrante lavoratore ha diritto ad un nome, alla registrazione della sua nascita e a una nazionalità.

Article 30

Articolo 30

Each child of a migrant worker shall have the basic right of access to education on the basis of equality of treatment with nationals of the State concerned. Access to public pre-school educational institutions or schools shall not be refused or limited by reason of the irregular situation with respect to stay or employment of either parent or by reason of the irregularity of the child's stay in the State of employment.

Ogni figlio di migrante lavoratore ha il diritto fondamentale di accesso all’educazione sulla base dell’uguaglianza di trattamento con i cittadini dello Stato in causa. L’accesso all’istruzione pubblica prescolastica e scolastica non deve essere rifiutata o limitata in ragione della situazione irregolare né al soggiorno o all’impiego di uno o l’altro dei genitori e né all’irregolarità del soggiorno del bambino nello Stato di impiego.

Article 31

Articolo 31

1. States Parties shall ensure respect for the cultural identity of migrant workers and members of their families and shall not prevent them from maintaining their cultural links with their State of origin.

1. Gli Stati parte assicurano il rispetto dell’identità culturale dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie e non impediscono loro di mantenere i loro legami culturali con il loro Stato di origine.

2. States Parties may take appropriate measures to assist and encourage efforts in this respect.

2. Gli Stati parte possono prendere delle misure appropriate per sostenere ed incoraggiare gli sforzi a questo riguardo.

Article 32

Articolo 32

Upon the termination of their stay in the State of employment, migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to transfer their earnings and savings and, in accordance with the applicable legislation of the States concerned, their personal effects and belongings.

Alla scadenza del loro soggiorno nello Stato di impiego, i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di trasferire i loro guadagni e loro risparmi e, in maniera conforme alla legislazione applicabile degli Stati concernenti, i loro effetti personali e gli oggetti in loro possesso.

Article 33

Articolo 33

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be informed by the State of origin, the State of employment or the State of transit as the case may be concerning:

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di essere informati dallo Stato di origine, lo Stato di impiego o lo Stato di transito, secondo il caso, di ciò che riguarda:

(a) Their rights arising out of the present Convention;

a) I diritti che gli conferiscono dalla presente Convenzione;

(b) The conditions of their admission, their rights and obligations under the law and practice of the State concerned and such other matters as will enable them to comply with administrative or other formalities in that State.

b) Le condizioni di ammissione, i loro diritti ed obblighi in virtù della legislazione e degli usi dello Stato concernente e tutte le altre questioni che permettono loro di conformarsi alle formalità amministrative o altre in questo Stato.

2. States Parties shall take all measures they deem appropriate to disseminate the said information or to ensure that it is provided by employers, trade unions or other appropriate bodies or institutions. As appropriate, they shall co-operate with other States concerned.

2. Gli Stati parte intraprendono tutte le misure che giudicano appropriate per diffondere le suddette informazioni o per vegliare affinché queste siano fornite dai loro datori di lavoro, i sindacati o altri organismi o istituzioni appropriate. Secondo i bisogni, questi cooperano a questo fine con gli altri Stati di competenza.

3. Such adequate information shall be provided upon request to migrant workers and members of their families, free of charge, and, as far as possible, in a language they are able to understand.

3. Le informazioni adeguate vengono fornite, su domanda, ai lavoratori migranti e ai membri delle loro famiglie, gratuitamente e, nella misura del possibile, in ua lingua che essi comprendono

Article 34

Articolo 34

Nothing in the present part of the Convention shall have the effect of relieving migrant workers and the members of their families from either the obligation to comply with the laws and regulations of any State of transit and the State of employment or the obligation to respect the cultural identity of the inhabitants of such States.

Nessuna disposizione della presente parte della Convenzione ha effetto di dispensare i lavoratori migranti ed i membri delle loro famiglie dell’obbligo di conformarsi alle leggi e ai regolamenti sia dello Stato di Transito che dello Stato di impiego, né dell’obbligo di rispettare l’identità culturale degli abitanti di quegli Stati.

Article 35

Articolo 35

Nothing in the present part of the Convention shall be interpreted as implying the regularization of the situation of migrant workers or members of their families who are non-documented or in an irregular situation or any right to such regularization of their situation, nor shall it prejudice the measures intended to ensure sound and equitable-conditions for international migration as provided in part VI of the present Convention.

Nessuna disposizione della presente parte della Convenzione può essere interpretata come implicante la regolarizzazione della situazione dei lavoratori migranti o dei membri delle loro famiglie sprovvisti di documenti o in situazione irregolare, né un qualsiasi diritto a tale regolarizzazione della loro situazione, né come inficiante le misure terse ad assicurare le condizioni sane ed eque per le migrazioni internazionali, previste nella sesta parte della presente Convenzione.

PART IV : OTHER RIGHTS OF MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES WHO ARE DOCUMENTED OR IN A REGULAR SITUATION

QUARTA PARTE: ALTRI DIRITTI DEI LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E DEI MEMBRI DELLA LORO FAMIGLIA CHE SONO PROVVISTI DI DOCUMENTI O IN SITUAZIONE REGOLARE

Article 36

Articolo 36

Migrant workers and members of their families who are documented or in a regular situation in the State of employment shall enjoy the rights set forth in the present part of the Convention in addition to those set forth in part III.

I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie che sono provvisti di documenti o in situazione regolare nello Stato d’impiego beneficiano dei diritti previsti nella presente parte della Convenzione, oltre a quelli enunciati nella terza parte.

Article 37

Articolo 37

Before their departure, or at the latest at the time of their admission to the State of employment, migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be fully informed by the State of origin or the State of employment, as appropriate, of all conditions applicable to their admission and particularly those concerning their stay and the remunerated activities in which they may engage as well as of the requirements they must satisfy in the State of employment and the authority to which they must address themselves for any modification of those conditions.

Prima della loro partenza, o al più tardi al momento della loro ammissione nello Stato di impiego, i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di essere pienamente informati dallo Stato di origine o lo Stato di impiego, secondo il caso, di tutte le condizioni poste alla loro ammissione e specialmente di quelle concernenti il loro soggiorno e le attività remunerate alle quali si possono dirigere oltre che delle esigenze alle quali si devono conformare nello Stato di impiego e delle autorità alle quali loro si dovranno indirizzare per domandare che queste condizioni siano modificate.

Article 38

Articolo 38

1. States of employment shall make every effort to authorize migrant workers and members of the families to be temporarily absent without effect upon their authorization to stay or to work, as the case may be. In doing so, States of employment shall take into account the special needs and obligations of migrant workers and members of their families, in particular in their States of origin.

1. Gli Stati di impiego fanno tutti gli sforzi possibili per autorizzare i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie ad assentarsi temporaneamente senza che questo leda la loro autorizzazione di soggiorno o di lavoro, secondo il caso. Così facendo, gli Stati parte tengono conto degli obblighi e dei bisogni particolari dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie, particolarmente nel loro Stato di origine.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be fully informed of the terms on which such temporary absences are authorized.

2. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di essere pienamente informati delle condizioni nelle quali sono autorizzati a tali assenze temporanee.

Article 39

Articolo 39

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to liberty of movement in the territory of the State of employment and freedom to choose their residence there.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di circolare liberamente sul territorio dello Stato di impiego e di scegliervi liberamente la loro residenza.

2. The rights mentioned in paragraph 1 of the present article shall not be subject to any restrictions except those that are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals, or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Convention.

2. I diritti menzionati al paragrafo 1 del presente articolo non possono essere oggetto di restrizioni se non quelle previste dalla legge, necessarie per proteggere la sicurezza nazionale, l’ordine pubblico, la salute o la moralità pubblica, o i diritti e le libertà altrui, e compatibili con gli altri diritti riconosciuti dalla presente Convenzione.

Article 40

Articolo 40

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to form associations and trade unions in the State of employment for the promotion and protection of their economic, social, cultural and other interests.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia hanno il diritto di formare con altri delle associazioni e dei sindacati nello Stato di impiego in vista di favorire e di proteggere i loro interessi economici, sociali, culturali ed altri.

2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those that are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public order (ordre public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

2. L’esercizio di questi diritti non può essere oggetto di restrizioni se non di quelle previste dalla legge e che costituiscono delle misure necessarie, in una società democratica, nell’interesse della sicurezza nazionale, dell’ordine pubblico o per proteggere i diritti e le libertà altrui.

Article 41

Articolo 41

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to participate in public affairs of their State of origin and to vote and to be elected at elections of that State, in accordance with its legislation.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie hanno il diritto di prendere parte agli affari pubblici dei loro Stati di origine, di votare e di essere eletti nel corso di elezioni organizzati da questo Stato, in maniera conforme alla sua legislazione.

2. The States concerned shall, as appropriate and in accordance with their legislation, facilitate the exercise of these rights.

2. Gli Stati interessati devono, in caso di bisogno e in maniera conforme alla propria legislazione, facilitare l’esercizio di questi diritti

Article 42

Articolo 42

1. States Parties shall consider the establishment of procedures or institutions through which account may be taken, both in States of origin and in States of employment, of special needs, aspirations and obligations of migrant workers and members of their families and shall envisage, as appropriate, the possibility for migrant workers and members of their families to have their freely chosen representatives in those institutions.

1. Gli Stati parte prevedono l’allestimento di procedure o di istituzioni destinate a permettere di tenere conto, tanto nel lo Stato di origine che nello Stato di impiego, dei bisogni, aspirazioni ed obblighi particolari dei lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia, e nel caso, la possibilità per i lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia di avere loro rappresentanti liberamente scelti in queste istituzioni.

2. States of employment shall facilitate, in accordance with their national legislation, the consultation or participation of migrant workers and members of their families in decisions concerning the life and administration of local communities.

2. Gli Stati di impiego facilitano, in maniera conforme alla loro legislazione nazionale, la consultazione o la partecipazione dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia alle decisioni concernenti la vita e l’amministrazione delle comunità locali.

3. Migrant workers may enjoy political rights in the State of employment if that State, in the exercise of its sovereignty, grants them such rights.

3. I lavoratori migranti possono godere dei diritti politici nello Stato di impiego, se questo Stato nell’esercizio della propria sovranità accorda loro tali diritti.

Article 43

Articolo 43

1. Migrant workers shall enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in relation to:

1. I lavoratori migranti beneficiano della parità di trattamento con i cittadini dello Stato di impiego, per quel che concerne:

(a) Access to educational institutions and services subject to the admission requirements and other regulations of the institutions and services concerned;

a) L’accesso alle istituzioni e ai servizi educativi, senza riserve di condizioni di ammissione e altre prescrizioni fissate dalle istituzioni e servizi competenti;

(b) Access to vocational guidance and placement services;

b) L’accesso ai servizi di orientamento professionale e di collocamento.

(c) Access to vocational training and retraining facilities and institutions;

c) L’accesso alle facilitazioni e istituzioni di formazione professionale e di riqualificazione

(d) Access to housing, including social housing schemes, and protection against exploitation in respect of rents;

d) L’accesso all’alloggio, ivi compresi i programmi sociali alloggiativi, e la protezione contro lo sfruttamento in materia di affitti;

(e) Access to social and health services, provided that the requirements for participation in the respective schemes are met;

e) L’accesso ai servizi sociali e sanitari, con riserva che le condizioni per avere il diritto di beneficiare dei diversi programmi siano rispettate;

(f) Access to co-operatives and self-managed enterprises, which shall not imply a change of their migration status and shall be subject to the rules and regulations of the bodies concerned;

f) L’accesso alle cooperative ed alle imprese autogestite, senza che il loro status di migranti si trovi ad essere modificato e con riserva in caso di regole e regolamenti degli organi competenti;

(g) Access to and participation in cultural life.

g) L’accesso e la partecipazione alla vita culturale;

2. States Parties shall promote conditions to ensure effective equality of treatment to enable migrant workers to enjoy the rights mentioned in paragraph 1 of the present article whenever the terms of their stay, as authorized by the State of employment, meet the appropriate requirements.

2. Gli Stati parte si adoperano per creare le condizioni che permettano di assicurare l’uguaglianza effettiva di trattamento dei migranti lavoratori in vista di permettere loro di godere dei diritti menzionati al paragrafo 1 del presente articolo, ogni volta che le condizioni poste alla loro autorizzazione di soggiorno dallo Stato di impiego rispondono alle prescrizioni in merito.

3. States of employment shall not prevent an employer of migrant workers from establishing housing or social or cultural facilities for them. Subject to article 70 of the present Convention, a State of employment may make the establishment of such facilities subject to the requirements generally applied in that State concerning their installation.

3. Gli Stati di impiego non impediscono ai datori dei lavoratori migranti di creare degli alloggi o dei servizi sociali o culturali loro rivolti. Con riserva dell’articolo 70 della presente Convenzione, uno Stato di impiego può subordinare la messa in opera di detti servizi alle condizioni applicate in materia nel detto Stato.

Article 44

Articolo 44

1. States Parties, recognizing that the family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State, shall take appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the unity of the families of migrant workers.

1. Gli Stati parte, riconoscendo che la famiglia è l’elemento naturale e fondamentale della società e dello Stato, prendono le misure appropriate per assicurare la protezione dell’unità della famiglia del lavoratore migrante.

2. States Parties shall take measures that they deem appropriate and that fall within their competence to facilitate the reunification of migrant workers with their spouses or persons who have with the migrant worker a relationship that, according to applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage, as well as with their minor dependent unmarried children.

2. Gli Stati parte prendono le misure che ritengono appropriate e che ricadono nella loro competenza per facilitare la riunione dei lavoratori migranti con il loro congiunto o con le persone aventi con loro tali relazioni che, in virtù della legge applicabile, producono degli effetti equivalenti al matrimonio, oltre che con i loro bambini a carico minori e non coniugati.

3. States of employment, on humanitarian grounds, shall favourably consider granting equal treatment, as set forth in paragraph 2 of the present article, to other family members of migrant workers.

3. Per ragioni umanitarie, gli Stati di impiego prevedono favorevolmente di accordare l’uguaglianza di trattamento, alle condizioni previste al paragrafo 2 del presente articolo, agli altri membri della famiglia del lavoratore migrante.

Article 45

Articolo 45

1. Members of the families of migrant workers shall, in the State of employment, enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of that State in relation to:

1. I membri della famiglia dei lavoratori migranti beneficiano, nello Stato di impiego, della parità di trattamento con i nazionali di tale Stato per quel che concerne:

(a) Access to educational institutions and services, subject to the admission requirements and other regulations of the institutions and services concerned;

a)  L’accesso alle istituzioni e ai servizi educativi, con riserva delle condizioni di ammissione e altre prescrizioni fissate dalle istituzioni e servizi di competenza;

(b) Access to vocational guidance and training institutions and services, provided that requirements for participation are met;

b) L’accesso alle istituzioni e servizi di orientamento e di formazione professionale, con riserva che le condizioni per parteciparvi siano soddisfatte;

(c) Access to social and health services, provided that requirements for participation in the respective schemes are met;

c) L’accesso ai servizi sociali e sanitari, con riserva che le condizioni richieste per beneficiare dei diversi programmi siano soddisfatte;

(d) Access to and participation in cultural life.

d) L’accesso e la partecipazione alla vita culturale

2. States of employment shall pursue a policy, where appropriate in collaboration with the States of origin, aimed at facilitating the integration of children of migrant workers in the local school system, particularly in respect of teaching them the local language.

2. Gli Stati di impiego conducono, ne caso dovuto in collaborazione con il paese di origine, una politica che mira a facilitare l’integrazione dei bambini del lavoratori migranti nel sistema di educazione locale, in particolare per quel che concerne l’insegnamento della lingua locale.

3. States of employment shall endeavour to facilitate for the children of migrant workers the teaching of their mother tongue and culture and, in this regard, States of origin shall collaborate whenever appropriate.

3. Gli Stati di impiego si sforzano di facilitare l’insegnamento ai bambini dei lavoratori migranti della loro lingua madre e della loro cultura e, a questo riguardo, gli Stati di origine collaborano ogni volta secondo i bisogni.

4. States of employment may provide special schemes of education in the mother tongue of children of migrant workers, if necessary in collaboration with the States of origin.

4. Gli Stati di impiego possono assicurare dei programmi speciali di insegnamento nella lingua madre dei bambini dei lavoratori migranti, nel caso in collaborazione con gli Stati d’origine.

Article 46

Articolo 46

Migrant workers and members of their families shall, subject to the applicable legislation of the States concerned, as well as relevant international agreements and the obligations of the States concerned arising out of their participation in customs unions, enjoy exemption from import and export duties and taxes in respect of their personal and household effects as well as the equipment necessary to engage in the remunerated activity for which they were admitted to the State of employment:

I lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie, con riserva della legislazione applicabile negli Stati interessati, oltre che degli accordi internazionali in materia e degli obblighi incombenti allo Stato interessato del fatto di loro appartenenza a delle unioni doganali, beneficiano di una esenzione dei diritti e delle tasse di importazione e di esportazione per i loro beni personali nonché di portare con sé il materiale necessario all’esercizio dell’attività remunerata motivandone l’ammissione nello Stato di impiego :

(a) Upon departure from the State of origin or State of habitual residence;

a) Al momento della partenza dallo Stato di origine o dello Stato di residenza abituale;

(b) Upon initial admission to the State of employment;

b) Al momento dell’ammissione iniziale nello Stato di impiego;

(c) Upon final departure from the State of employment;

c) Al momento della partenza definitiva dallo Stato di impiego;

(d) Upon final return to the State of origin or State of habitual residence.

d) Al momento del ritorno definitivo nello Stato di origine o nello Stato di residenza abituale

Article 47

Articolo 47

1. Migrant workers shall have the right to transfer their earnings and savings, in particular those funds necessary for the support of their families, from the State of employment to their State of origin or any other State. Such transfers shall be made in conformity with procedures established by applicable legislation of the State concerned and in conformity with applicable international agreements.

1. I lavoratori migranti hanno il diritto di trasferire i loro guadagni e risparmi, in particolare i fondi necessari al mantenimento della loro famiglia, dallo Stato di impiego a quello di origine o ad ogni altro Stato. Questi spostamenti vengono operati conformemente alle procedure stabilite dalla legislazione applicabile dallo Stato competente e conformemente agli accordi internazionali vigenti.

2. States concerned shall take appropriate measures to facilitate such transfers.

2. Gli Stati competenti prendono le misure appropriate per facilitare questi spostamenti

Article 48

Articolo 48

1. Without prejudice to applicable double taxation agreements, migrant workers and members of their families shall, in the matter of earnings in the State of employment:

1. Senza pregiudicare gli accordi vigenti riguardanti la doppia imposizione, per le rimesse nello Stato di impiego, i lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia:

(a) Not be liable to taxes, duties or charges of any description higher or more onerous than those imposed on nationals in similar circumstances;

a) Non sono soggetti ad imposte, diritti o tasse in maniera tale che siano più elevate o più onerose di quelle che sono richieste ai nazionali in una situazione analoga;

(b) Be entitled to deductions or exemptions from taxes of any description and to any tax allowances applicable to nationals in similar circumstances, including tax allowances for dependent members of their families.

b) Beneficiano della riduzione o esenzione di imposte del caso, di qualunque tipo, e di tutti gli sgravi fiscali accordati ai nazionali in una situazione analoga, ivi comprese le deduzioni per i parenti a carico.

2. States Parties shall endeavour to adopt appropriate measures to avoid double taxation of the earnings and savings of migrant workers and members of their families.

Gli Stati parte si sforzano di adottare delle misure appropriate miranti ad evitare la doppia imposizione sulle rimesse e i risparmi dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie.

Article 49

Articolo 49

1. Where separate authorizations to reside and to engage in employment are required by national legislation, the States of employment shall issue to migrant workers authorization of residence for at least the same period of time as their authorization to engage in remunerated activity.

1. Quando dei permessi di soggiorno e di lavoro distinti sono richiesti dalla legislazione nazionale, lo Stato di impiego rilascia, al lavoratore migrante una autorizzazione di soggiorno per una durata almeno uguale a quella del suo permesso di lavoro.

2. Migrant workers who in the State of employment are allowed freely to choose their remunerated activity shall neither be regarded as in an irregular situation nor shall they lose their authorization of residence by the mere fact of the termination of their remunerated activity prior to the expiration of their work permits or similar authorizations.

2. I lavoratori migranti che, nello Stato di impiego, sono autorizzati a scegliere liberamente la loro attività remunerata non vengono considerati come versanti in situazione irregolare e non perdono il loro permesso di soggiorno per il solo fatto che la loro attività remunerata cessa prima della scadenza del loro permesso di lavoro o autorizzazione analoga.

3. In order to allow migrant workers referred to in paragraph 2 of the present article sufficient time to find alternative remunerated activities, the authorization of residence shall not be withdrawn at least for a period corresponding to that during which they may be entitled to unemployment benefits.

3. Allo scopo di lasciare ai lavoratori migranti indicati nel paragrafo 2 del presente articolo sufficientemente tempo per trovare un’altra attività remunerata, il permesso di soggiorno non viene loro ritirato, almeno per il periodo nel quale possono avere diritto a indennità di disoccupazione.

Article 50

Articolo 50

1. In the case of death of a migrant worker or dissolution of marriage, the State of employment shall favourably consider granting family members of that migrant worker residing in that State on the basis of family reunion an authorization to stay; the State of employment shall take into account the length of time they have already resided in that State.

1. In caso di decesso di un lavoratore migrante o di dissoluzione del suo matrimonio, lo Stato di impiego prevede favorevolmente di accordare ai membri della famiglia di detto lavoratore migrante che risiedono in tale Stato nel quadro del nucleo familiare l’autorizzazione di dimorarvi; lo Stato di impiego tiene conto della durata della loro residenza in quello Stato.

2. Members of the family to whom such authorization is not granted shall be allowed before departure a reasonable period of time in order to enable them to settle their affairs in the State of employment.

2. I membri della famiglia ai quali tale autorizzazione non viene accordata disporranno prima della loro partenza di un lasso di tempo ragionevole per loro permettere di regolare i propri affari nello Stato di impiego.

3. The provisions of paragraphs I and 2 of the present article may not be interpreted as adversely affecting any right to stay and work otherwise granted to such family members by the legislation of the State of employment or by bilateral and multilateral treaties applicable to that State.

3. Le disposizioni dei paragrafi 1 e 2 del presente articolo non saranno interpretate come lesive dei diritti al soggiorno e al lavoro che vengono altrimenti accordati ai suddetti membri della famiglia dalla legislazione dello Stato di impiego o dai trattati bilaterali o multilaterali applicabili a questo Stato.

Article 51

Articolo 51

Migrant workers who in the State of employment are not permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity shall neither be regarded as in an irregular situation nor shall they lose their authorization of residence by the mere fact of the termination of their remunerated activity prior to the expiration of their work permit, except where the authorization of residence is expressly dependent upon the specific remunerated activity for which they were admitted. Such migrant workers shall have the right to seek alternative employment, participation in public work schemes and retraining during the remaining period of their authorization to work, subject to such conditions and limitations as are specified in the authorization to work.

I lavoratori migranti che, nello Stato di impiego, non siano autorizzati a scegliere liberamente la loro attività remunerata non vengono considerati come trovantisi in condizioni irregolari né perdono il loro permesso di soggiorno per il semplice fatto che la loro attività remunerata abbia fine prima della scadenza del loro permesso di lavoro, salvo nel caso che il permesso di soggiorno sia espressamente subordinato all’attività remunerata specifica per la quale il lavoratore sia stato ammesso nello Stato di impiego. Questi lavoratori migranti hanno il diritto di cercare un altro impiego, di partecipare a dei programmi di interesse pubblico e di seguire dei tirocini di riqualificazione durante il periodo residuo di validità del loro permesso di lavoro, con riserva delle condizioni e restrizioni specifiche nel permesso di lavoro.

Article 52

Articolo 52

1. Migrant workers in the State of employment shall have the right freely to choose their remunerated activity, subject to the following restrictions or conditions.

1. I lavoratori migranti godono nello Stato di impiego del diritto di scegliere liberamente la loro attività remunerata, con riserva delle restrizioni o condizioni seguenti.

2. For any migrant worker a State of employment may:

2. Per tutti i lavoratori migranti, lo Stato di impiego può

(a) Restrict access to limited categories of employment, functions, services or activities where this is necessary in the interests of this State and provided for by national legislation;

a) Restringere l’accesso ad alcune categorie limitate di impieghi, funzioni, servizi o attività, allorquando gli interessi dello Stato lo esigano e che la legislazione nazionale lo preveda;

(b) Restrict free choice of remunerated activity in accordance with its legislation concerning recognition of occupational qualifications acquired outside its territory. However, States Parties concerned shall endeavour to provide for recognition of such qualifications.

b) Restringere la libera scelta dell’attività remunerata conformemente alla propria legislazione relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali acquisite aldifuori del suo territorio. Gli Stati parte interessati si sforzano tuttavia di assicurare il riconoscimento di tali qualifiche.

3. For migrant workers whose permission to work is limited in time, a State of employment may also:

3. Nel caso dei lavoratori migranti titolari di un permesso di soggiorno di durata limitata, lo Stato di impiego può anche:

(a) Make the right freely to choose their remunerated activities subject to the condition that the migrant worker has resided lawfully in its territory for the purpose of remunerated activity for a period of time prescribed in its national legislation that should not exceed two years;

a) Subordinare l’esercizio del diritto alla libera scelta dell’attività remunerata alla condizione che il lavoratore migrante abbia risieduto legalmente sul suo territorio in vista di esercitarvi una attività remunerata durante il periodo prescritto da tale legislazione nazionale, tale periodo non deve eccedere due anni;

(b) Limit access by a migrant worker to remunerated activities in pursuance of a policy of granting priority to its nationals or to persons who are assimilated to them for these purposes by virtue of legislation or bilateral or multilateral agreements. Any such limitation shall cease to apply to a migrant worker who has resided lawfully in its territory for the purpose of remunerated activity for a period of time prescribed in its national legislation that should not exceed five years.

b) Limitare l’accesso di un lavoratore migrante a una attività remunerata a titolo di una politica volta a dare la priorità ai nazionali o a persone che sono loro assimilabili a tali affetti in virtù della legislazione o di accordi bilaterali o multilaterali. Una tale limitazione cessa di essere applicabile ad un lavoratore migrante che ha risieduto legalmente sul suo territorio in vista di esercitarvi una attività remunerata durante il periodo prescritto da tale legislazione nazionale, tale periodo non deve eccedere i cinque anni.

4. States of employment shall prescribe the conditions under which a migrant worker who has been admitted to take up employment may be authorized to engage in work on his or her own account. Account shall be taken of the period during which the worker has already been lawfully in the State of employment.

Gli Stati di impiego prescrivono le condizioni nelle quali i lavoratori migranti che sono stati ammessi nel paese per prendervi un impiego possono essere autorizzati a lavorare per conto proprio. Si tiene conto del periodo durante il quale i lavoratori hanno già soggiornato legalmente nello Stato di impiego.

Article 53

Articolo 53

1. Members of a migrant worker's family who have themselves an authorization of residence or admission that is without limit of time or is automatically renewable shall be permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity under the same conditions as are applicable to the said migrant worker in accordance with article 52 of the present Convention.

1. I membri delle famiglie di un lavoratore migrante che hanno essi stessi una autorizzazione di soggiorno o di ammissione che sia senza limitazione di durata o sia automaticamente rinnovabile sono autorizzati a scegliere liberamente una attività remunerata nelle condizioni che sono applicabili a suddetto lavoratore in virtù delle disposizioni dell’articolo 52 della presente Convenzione.

2. With respect to members of a migrant worker's family who are not permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity, States Parties shall consider favourably granting them priority in obtaining permission to engage in a remunerated activity over other workers who seek admission to the State of employment, subject to applicable bilateral and multilateral agreements.

2. Nel caso di membri della famiglia di un lavoratore migrante che non siano autorizzati a scegliere liberamente una attività remunerata, gli Stati parte studiano favorevolmente la possibilità di accordare loro l’autorizzazione di esercitare una attività remunerata con priorità sugli altri lavoratori che domandano di essere ammessi sul territorio dello Stato di impiego, con riserva di accordi bilaterali e multilaterali vigenti.

Article 54

Articolo 54

1. Without prejudice to the terms of their authorization of residence or their permission to work and the rights provided for in articles 25 and 27 of the present Convention, migrant workers shall enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in respect of:

1. Senza pregiudicare le condizioni della loro autorizzazione di soggiorno o del loro permesso di lavoro e dei diritti previsti agli articoli 25 e 27 della presente Convenzione, i lavoratori migranti beneficiano della uguaglianza di trattamento con i cittadini dello Stato di impiego per quel che concerne:

(a) Protection against dismissal;

a) La protezione contro il licenziamento;

(b) Unemployment benefits;

b) Le indennità di disoccupazione

(c) Access to public work schemes intended to combat unemployment;

c) L’accesso a programmi di interesse pubblico destinati a combattere la disoccupazione;

(d) Access to alternative employment in the event of loss of work or termination of other remunerated activity, subject to article 52 of the present Convention.

d) L’accesso a un altro impiego in caso di perdita di lavoro o di cessazione di un’altra attività remunerata, con riserva dell’articolo 52 della presente Convenzione.

2. If a migrant worker claims that the terms of his or her work contract have been violated by his or her employer, he or she shall have the right to address his or her case to the competent authorities of the State of employment, on terms provided for in article 18, paragraph 1, of the present Convention.

2. Se un lavoratore migrante stima che i termini del suo contratto di lavoro sono stati violati dal suo datore di lavoro, egli ha il diritto di portare il suo caso dinanzi alle autorità competenti dello Stato di impiego, alle condizioni previste al paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 18 della presente Convenzione.

Article 55

Articolo 55

Migrant workers who have been granted permission to engage in a remunerated activity, subject to the conditions attached to such permission, shall be entitled to equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in the exercise of that remunerated activity.

I lavoratori migranti che hanno ricevuto l’autorizzazione di esercitare una attività remunerata, con riserva delle condizioni specificate al momento del rilascio della detta autorizzazione, beneficiano dell’uguaglianza di trattamento con i nazionali dello Stato di impiego nell’esercizio di detta attività remunerata.

Article 56

Articolo 56

1. Migrant workers and members of their families referred to in the present part of the Convention may not be expelled from a State of employment, except for reasons defined in the national legislation of that State, and subject to the safeguards established in part III.

1. I lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia descritti nella presente parte della Convenzione non possono essere espulsi dallo Stato di impiego se non per ragioni definite nella legislazione nazionale di detto Stato, e sotto riserva delle garanzie previste nella terza parte

2. Expulsion shall not be resorted to for the purpose of depriving a migrant worker or a member of his or her family of the rights arising out of the authorization of residence and the work permit.

2. L’espulsione non deve essere utilizzata con il fine di privare i lavoratori migranti o i membri delle loro famiglie dei diritti derivanti dal permesso di soggiorno e permesso di lavoro.

3. In considering whether to expel a migrant worker or a member of his or her family, account should be taken of humanitarian considerations and of the length of time that the person concerned has already resided in the State of employment.

3. Quando si prevede di espellere un lavoratore migrante o un membro della sua famiglia, si dovrà tenere conto delle considerazioni umanitarie e dei tempi durante i quali l’interessato ha già soggiornato nello Stato di impiego.

PART V : PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICULAR CATEGORIES OF MIGRANT WORKERS AND OF THEIR FAMILIES

QUINTA PARTE: DISPOSIZIONI APPLICABILI AD ALCUNE CATEGORIE PARTICOLARI DI LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E AI MEMBRI DELLA LORO FAMIGLIA

Article 57

Articolo 57

The particular categories of migrant workers and members of their families specified in the present part of the Convention who are documented or in a regular situation shall enjoy the rights set forth in part m and, except as modified below, the rights set forth in part IV.

Le categorie particolari di lavoratori migranti specificate nella presente parte della Convenzione e i membri della loro famiglia, che sono provvisti di documenti o in situazione regolare, godono dei diritti enunciati nella terza parte e, con riserva delle modifiche indicate qui di seguito, di quelle enunciate nella quarta parte.

Article 58

Articolo 58

1. Frontier workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (a), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be applied to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment, taking into account that they do not have their habitual residence in that State.

1. I lavoratori frontalieri, per come questi vengono definiti alla lettera "a" del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione, beneficiano dei diritti previsti nella quarta parte che sono loro applicabili in ragione della loro presenza e del loro lavoro sul territorio dello Stato di impiego, tenuto conto di coloro che non hanno la residenza abituale in tale Stato.

2. States of employment shall consider favourably granting frontier workers the right freely to choose their remunerated activity after a specified period of time. The granting of that right shall not affect their status as frontier workers.

2. Gli Stati di impiego prevedono favorevolmente di dare ai lavoratori frontalieri il diritto di scegliere liberamente la loro attività remunerata dopo un lasso di tempo dato. La concessione di questo diritto non modifica il loro statuto di lavoratori frontalieri.

Article 59

Articolo 59

1. Seasonal workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (b), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be applied to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment and that are compatible with their status in that State as seasonal workers, taking into account the fact that they are present in that State for only part of the year.

1. I lavoratori stagionali, per come questi sono definiti alla lettera "b" del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione beneficiano dei diritti previsti nella quarta parte che si applica a loro in ragione della loro presenza e del loro lavoro sul territorio dello Stato di impiego e che sono compatibili con il loro status di lavoratori stagionali, tenuto conto di coloro che non sono presenti nel suddetto Stato che per una parte dell’anno.

2. The State of employment shall, subject to paragraph 1 of the present article, consider granting seasonal workers who have been employed in its territory for a significant period of time the possibility of taking up other remunerated activities and giving them priority over other workers who seek admission to that State, subject to applicable bilateral and multilateral agreements.

2. Lo Stato di impiego si adopera, con riserva delle disposizioni del paragrafo 1 del presente articolo, di concedere ai lavoratori stagionali che sono stati impiegati sul suo territorio per un periodo consistente la possibilità di dedicarsi ad altre attività remunerate e di dare loro priorità rispetto ad altri lavoratori che domandano di essere ammessi in tale Stato, con riserva degli accordi bilaterali e multilaterali applicabili.

Article 60

Articolo 60

Itinerant workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (A), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be granted to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment and that are compatible with their status as itinerant workers in that State.

I lavoratori itineranti, per come questi sono definiti alla lettera "e" del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione, beneficiano dei diritti previsti nella quarta parte che possono essere loro accordati, in ragione della loro presenza e del loro lavoro sul territorio dello Stato di impiego e che sono compatibili con il loro status di lavoratori itineranti in tale Stato.

Article 61

Articolo 61

1. Project-tied workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (of the present Convention, and members of their families shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV except the provisions of article 43, paragraphs I (b) and (c), article 43, paragraph I (d), as it pertains to social housing schemes, article 45, paragraph I (b), and articles 52 to 55.

1. I lavoratori impiegati a titolo di progetto, per come questi sono definiti alla lettera "f " del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione, e i membri della loro famiglia beneficiano dei diritti previsti dalla quarta parte, eccezion fatta delle disposizioni della lettera "b" e "c" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 43, della lettera "d" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 43 in tema di programmi di alloggi sociali, della lettera "b" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 45 e degli articoli da 52 a 55.

2. If a project-tied worker claims that the terms of his or her work contract have been violated by his or her employer, he or she shall have the right to address his or her case to the competent authorities of the State which has jurisdiction over that employer, on terms provided for in article 18, paragraph 1, of the present Convention.

2. Se un lavoratore impiegato a titolo di un progetto reputa che i termini del suo contratto di lavoro sono stati violati dal suo datore di lavoro, ha diritto di portare il proprio caso dinanzi alle autorità competenti dello Stato dal quale questo datore di lavoro dipende, alle condizioni previste al paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 18 della presente Convenzione.

3. Subject to bilateral or multilateral agreements in force for them, the States Parties concerned shall endeavour to enable project-tied workers to remain adequately protected by the social security systems of their States of origin or habitual residence during their engagement in the project. States Parties concerned shall take appropriate measures with the aim of avoiding any denial of rights or duplication of payments in this respect.

3. Con riserva degli accordi bilaterali o multilaterali in vigore che sono loro applicabili, gli Stati parte interessati si sforzano di provvedere che i lavoratori impegnati a titolo di progetti siano debitamente protetti dai sistemi di assistenza sociale del loro Stato di origine o di residenza abituale durante il loro impiego a titolo del progetto. Gli Stati parte interessati prendono delle misure appropriate a questo riguardo per evitare che questi lavoratori non siano privati dei loro diritti o non siano soggetti ad una doppia detrazione.

4. Without prejudice to the provisions of article 47 of the present Convention and to relevant bilateral or multilateral agreements, States Parties concerned shall permit payment of the earnings of project-tied workers in their State of origin or habitual residence.

4. Senza pregiudicare le disposizioni dell’articolo 47 della presente Convenzione e degli accordi bilaterali o multilaterali pertinenti, gli Stati parte interessati autorizzano lo spostamento dei guadagni dei lavoratori impiegati a titolo di progetti nello Stato di origine o di residenza abituale.

Article 62

Articolo 62

1. Specified-employment workers as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (g), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV, except the provisions of article 43, paragraphs I (b) and (c), article 43, paragraph I (d), as it pertains to social housing schemes, article 52, and article 54, paragraph 1 (d).

1. I lavoratori ammessi per un impiego specifico, per come questi sono definiti alla lettera "g" del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione, beneficiano di tutti i diritti figuranti nella quarta parte, eccezion fatta per le disposizioni della lettera "b" e "c" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 43, della lettera "d" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 43 in materia di programmi di alloggi sociali dell’articolo 52 e della lettera "d" del paragrafo 1 dell’articolo 54.

2. Members of the families of specified-employment workers shall be entitled to the rights relating to family members of migrant workers provided for in part IV of the present Convention, except the provisions of article 53.

2. I membri della famiglia dei lavoratori ammessi per un impiego specifico beneficiano dei diritti relativi ai membri della famiglia dei lavoratori migranti, enunciati nella quarta parte della presente Convenzione, eccezion fatta per le disposizioni dell’articolo 53.

Article 63

Articolo 63

1. Self-employed workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (h), of the pre sent Convent ion , shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV with the exception of those rights which are exclusively applicable to workers having a contract of employment.

1. I lavoratori indipendenti, per come questi sono definiti alla lettera "h" del paragrafo 2 dell’articolo 2 della presente Convenzione, beneficiano di tutti i diritti previsti nella quarta parte, ad eccezione dei diritti esclusivamente applicabili ai lavoratori aventi un contratto di lavoro.

2. Without prejudice to articles 52 and 79 of the present Convention, the termination of the economic activity of the self-employed workers shall not in itself imply the withdrawal of the authorization for them or for the members of their families to stay or to engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment except where the authorization of residence is expressly dependent upon the specific remunerated activity for which they were admitted.

2. Senza pregiudicare gli articolo 52 e 79 della presente Convenzione, la cessazione dell’attività economica dei lavoratori indipendenti non implica in sé il ritiro dell’autorizzazione che viene loro accordata oltre che ai membri della loro famiglia di restare nello Stato di impiego o di esercitarvi una attività remunerata, a meno che l’autorizzazione di residenza dipenda espressamente dall’attività remunerata particolare per la quale egli sia stato ammesso.

PART VI : PROMOTION OF SOUND, EQUITABLE, HUMANE AND LAWFUL CONDITIONS CONNECTION WITH INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

SESTA PARTE: PROMOZIONE DELLE CONDIZIONI SANE, EQUE, DIGNITOSE E LEGALI PER QUEL CHE CONCERNE LE MIGRAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI DEI LAVORATORI MIGRANTI E DEI MEMBRI DELLA LORO FAMIGLIA

Article 64

Articolo 64

1. Without prejudice to article 79 of the present Convention, the States Parties concerned shall as appropriate consult and co-operate with a view to promoting sound, equitable and humane conditions in connection with international migration of workers and members of their families.

1. Senza pregiudicare le disposizioni dell’articolo 79 della presente Convenzione, gli Stati parte interessati procedono in caso di bisogno ad alcune consultazioni e cooperano in vista di promuovere condizioni sane, eque e dignitose per quel che concerne le migrazioni internazionali dei lavoratori e dei membri delle loro famiglie.

2. In this respect, due regard shall be paid not only to labour needs and resources, but also to the social, economic, cultural and other needs of migrant workers and members of their families involved, as well as to the consequences of such migration for the communities concerned.

2. A questo riguardo, è da tenere debitamente in conto non solamente dei bisogni e delle risorse di mano d’opera attiva, ma egualmente dei bisogni sociali, economici, culturali e altri dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia oltre che delle conseguenze di tali migrazioni per le comunità concernenti.

Article 65

Articolo 65

1. States Parties shall maintain appropriate services to deal with questions concerning international migration of workers and members of their families. Their functions shall include, inter alia:

1. Gli Stati parte mantengono i servizi appropriati per occuparsi delle questioni relative alla migrazione internazionale de lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia. Questi hanno in particolare il compito:

(a) The formulation and implementation of policies regarding such migration;

a) Di formulare e mettere in opera politiche concernenti tali migrazioni:

(b) An exchange of information. consultation and co-operation with the competent authorities of other States Parties involved in such migration;

b) Di scambiare informazioni, procedere a consultazioni e cooperare con l autorità competenti di altri Stati concernenti a tali migrazioni;

(c) The provision of appropriate information, particularly to employers, workers and their organizations on policies, laws and regulations relating to migration and employment, on agreements concluded with other States concerning migration and on other relevant matters;

c) Di fornire informazioni appropriate, in particolare ai datori di lavoro, ai lavoratori e alle loro organizzazioni, sulle politiche, leggi e regolamenti relativi alle migrazioni e all’impiego, sugli accordi relativi alle migrazioni conclusi con altri Stati e su altre questioni pertinenti;

(d) The provision of information and appropriate assistance to migrant workers and members of their families regarding requisite authorizations and formalities and arrangements for departure, travel, arrival, stay, remunerated activities, exit and return, as well as on conditions of work and life in the State of employment and on customs, currency, tax and other relevant laws and regulations.

d) Di fornire informazioni e aiuto appropriato ai lavoratori migranti e ai membri della loro famiglia intorno alle autorizzazioni, le formalità richieste e gli adempimenti necessari alla loro partenza, il loro viaggio, il loro soggiorno, le loro attività remunerate, la loro uscita e il loro ritorno, e in quel che concerne le condizioni di lavoro e di vita nello Stato di impiego nonché le leggi ed i regolamenti in materia doganale, monetaria, fiscale ed altre.

2. States Parties shall facilitate as appropriate the provision of adequate consular and other services that are necessary to meet the social, cultural and other needs of migrant workers and members of their families.

2. Gli Stati parte facilitano, in caso di bisogno, il sussistere dei servizi consolari adeguati ed altri servizi necessari per rispondere ai bisogni sociali, culturali ed altri dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia.

Article 66

Articolo 66

1. Subject to paragraph 2 of the present article, the right to undertake operations with a view to the recruitment of workers for employment in another State shall be restricted to:

1. Con riserva delle disposizioni del paragrafo 2 del presente articolo, i soli autorizzati ad effettuare operazioni in vista di reperimento di lavoratori per un impiego in un altro paese sono:

(a) Public services or bodies of the State in which such operations take place;

a) I servizi o organismi ufficiali dello Stato in cui tali operazioni hanno luogo;

(b) Public services or bodies of the State of employment on the basis of agreement between the States concerned;

b) I servizi o organismi ufficiali dello Stato di impiego sulla base di un accordo tra gli Stati interessati;

(c) A body established by virtue of a bilateral or multilateral agreement. 2. Subject to any authorization, approval and supervision by the public authorities of the States Parties concerned as may be established pursuant to the legislation and practice of those States, agencies, prospective employers or persons acting on their behalf may also be permitted to undertake the said operations.

c) Ogni organismo istituito a titolo di un accordo bilaterale o multilaterale. Con riserva dell’autorizzazione, dell’approvazione e del controllo degli organi ufficiali degli Stati parte interessati stabilito conformemente alla legislazione ed alla pratica di tali Stati, degli uffici, dei datori di lavoro potenziali o delle persone che operano in loro nome possono essere ammessi ad effettuare tali operazioni.

Article 67

Articolo 67

1. States Parties concerned shall co-operate as appropriate in the adoption of measures regarding the orderly return of migrant workers and members of their families to the State of origin when they decide to return or their authorization of residence or employment expires or when they are in the State of employment in an irregular situation.

1. Gli Stati parte interessati cooperano in caso di bisogno in vista di adottare misure relative alla buona organizzazione del ritorno dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia nello Stato di origine, allorché essi decidano di farvi ritorno o che il loro permesso di soggiorno o di impiego scada o quando questi si trovino in posizione irregolare nello Stato di impiego.

2. Concerning migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation, States Parties concerned shall co-operate as appropriate, on terms agreed upon by those States, with a view to promoting adequate economic conditions for their resettlement and to facilitating their durable social and cultural reintegration in the State of origin.

2. Per quel che concerne i lavoratori migranti e i membri delle loro famiglie in situazione regolare, gli Stati parte interessati cooperano, in caso di bisogno, secondo le modalità convenute da tali Stati, in vista di promuovere condizioni economiche adeguate per la loro reinstallazione e di facilitare la loro reintegrazione sociale e culturale durevole nello Stato di origine.

Article 68

Articolo 68

1. States Parties, including States of transit, shall collaborate with a view to preventing and eliminating illegal or clandestine movements and employment of migrant workers in an irregular situation. The measures to be taken to this end within the jurisdiction of each State concerned shall include:

1. Gli Stati parte, ivi compresi gli Stati di transito, cooperano al fine di prevenire e di eliminare i movimenti e l’impiego illegale o clandestino di lavoratori migranti in situazione irregolare. Le misure da prendere a tali effetti da ciascuno Stato interessato nei limiti della sua competenza sono in particolare le seguenti:

(a) Appropriate measures against the dissemination of misleading information relating to emigration and immigration;

a) Misure appropriate contro la diffusione di informazioni ingannatorie concernenti l’emigrazione e l’immigrazione;

(b) Measures to detect and eradicate illegal or clandestine movements of migrant workers and members of their families and to impose effective sanctions on persons, groups or entities which organize, operate or assist in organizing or operating such movements;

b) Misure volte a rintracciare ed eliminare i movimenti illegali o clandestini dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri delle loro famiglie ed a infliggere sanzioni efficaci a persone e a gruppi o entità che li organizzano, li assicurano o aiutano ad organizzarli e ad assicurarli;

(c) Measures to impose effective sanctions on persons, groups or entities which use violence, threats or intimidation against migrant workers or members of their families in an irregular situation.

c) Misure volte a infliggere sanzioni efficaci a persone, gruppi o entità che sono ricorsi alla violenza, alla minaccia o all’intimidazione contro lavoratori migranti o membri della loro famiglia in situazione irregolare.

2. States of employment shall take all adequate and effective measures to eliminate employment in their territory of migrant workers in an irregular situation, including, whenever appropriate, sanctions on employers of such workers. The rights of migrant workers vis-a-vis their employer arising from employment shall not be impaired by these measures.

2. Gli Stati di impiego prendono tutte le misure adeguate ed efficaci per eliminare l’impiego sul loro territorio dei lavoratori migranti in situazione irregolare, infliggendo in particolare, nei casi dovuti, sanzioni ai datori di lavoro. Tali misure non ledono i diritti che hanno i lavoratori nei confronti dei loro datori di lavoro a causa del loro impiego.

Article 69

Articolo 69

1. States Parties shall, when there are migrant workers and members of their families within their territory in an irregular situation, take appropriate measures to ensure that such a situation does not persist.

1. Quando dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia in situazione irregolare si trovano sul loro territorio, gli Stati parte prendono le misure appropriate perché tale situazione non si prolunghi oltre.

2. Whenever States Parties concerned consider the possibility of regularizing the situation of such persons in accordance with applicable national legislation and bilateral or multilateral agreements, appropriate account shall be taken of the circumstances of their entry, the duration of their stay in the States of employment and other relevant considerations, in particular those relating to their family situation.

2. Ogni qual volta che gli Stati parte interessati intravedono la possibilità di regolarizzare la situazione di tali persone conformemente alle disposizioni della legislazione nazionale ed agli accordi bilaterali o multilaterali applicabili, si tiene debitamente conto delle circostanze della loro entrata, della durata del loro soggiorno nello Stato di impiego oltre che di altre considerazioni pertinenti, in particolare quelle che riguardano la situazione familiare.

Article 70

Articolo 70

States Parties shall take measures not less favourable than those applied to nationals to ensure that working and living conditions of migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation are in keeping with the standards of fitness, safety, health and principles of human dignity.

Gli Stati parte prendono misure non meno favorevoli di quelle che si applicano ai loro cittadini per far sì che le condizioni di lavoro e di vita dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia in situazione regolare siano conformi alle norme di salute, di sicurezza e di igiene e ai principi inerenti la dignità umana.

Article 71

Articolo 71

1. States Parties shall facilitate, whenever necessary, the repatriation to the State of origin of the bodies of deceased migrant workers or members of their families.

1. Gli Stati parte facilitano, in caso di bisogno, il rimpatrio nello Stato di origine dei corpi dei lavoratori migranti o dei membri della loro famiglia deceduti.

2. As regards compensation matters relating to the death of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family, States Parties shall, as appropriate, provide assistance to the persons concerned with a view to the prompt settlement of such matters. Settlement of these matters shall be carried out on the basis of applicable national law in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention and any relevant bilateral or multilateral agreements.

2. Per quel che concerne le questioni di risarcimento relative al decesso di un lavoratore migrante o di un membro della sua famiglia, gli Stati parte portano assistenza, per quanto è necessario a persone concernenti in vista di assicurare il regolamento immediato di tali questioni. Il regolamento di tali questioni si effettua sulla base della legislazione nazionale applicabile in maniera conforme alle disposizioni della presente Convenzione e di tutti gli accordi bilaterali o multilaterali pertinenti.

PART VII : APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION

SETTIMA PARTE APPLICAZIONE DELLA CONVENZIONE

Article 72

Articolo 72

1. (a) For the purpose of reviewing the application of the present Convention, there shall be established a Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (hereinafter referred to as ''the Committee");

1. a) Al fine di esaminare l’applicazione della presente Convenzione viene costituito un Comitato per la protezione dei diritti di tutti i lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia (di seguito nominato "il Comitato" );

(b) The Committee shall consist, at the time of entry into force of the present Convention, of ten and, after the entry into force of the Convention for the forty-first State Party, of fourteen experts of high moral standing, impartiality and recognized competence in the field covered by the Convention.

b) Il comitato è composto, al momento dell’entrata in vigore della presente Convenzione, di dieci esperti e, dopo l’entrata in vigore della Convenzione da parte del quarantunesimo Stato parte, di quattordici esperti di alta integrità, imparziali e le quali competenze sono riconosciute nell’ambito dei temi della Convenzione.

2. (a) Members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot by the States Parties from a list of persons nominated by the States Parties, due consideration being given to equitable geographical distribution, including both States of origin and States of employment, and to the representation of the principal legal system. Each State Party may nominate one person from among its own nationals;

2. a) I membri del Comitato vengono eletti a scrutinio segreto dagli Stati parte su una lista di candidati designati dagli Stati parte, tenuto conto del principio di una equa ripartizione geografica, per quel che concerne tanto lo Stato di origine che lo Stato di impiego, oltre che la rappresentazione dei principali sistemi giuridici. Ogni Stato parte può designare un candidato tra i propri cittadini;

(b) Members shall be elected and shall serve in their personal capacity.

b) I membri vengono eletti e siedono a titolo individuale.

3. The initial election shall be held no later than six months after the date of the entry into force of the present Convention and subsequent elections every second year. At least four months before the date of each election, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall address a letter to all States Parties inviting them to submit their nominations within two months. The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all persons thus nominated, indicating the States Parties that have nominated them, and shall submit it to the States Parties not later than one month before the date of the corresponding election, together with the curricula vitae of the persons thus nominated.

3. La prima elezione ha luogo al più tardi sei mesi dopo la data di entrata in vigore della presente Convenzione e le elezioni seguenti hanno luogo ogni due anni. Almeno quattro mesi prima della data di ogni elezione, il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite indirizza una lettera agli Stati parte per invitarli a sottomettere il nome del loro candidato in un periodo di due mesi. Il Segretario generale stila una lista alfabetica di tutti i candidati, indicando da quale Stato parte essi sono stati designati, e comunica questa lista agli Stati parte al più tardi un mese prima della data di ogni elezione, con il curriculum vitae degli interessati.

4. Elections of members of the Committee shall be held at a meeting of States Parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters. At that meeting, for which two thirds of the States Parties shall constitute a quorum, the persons elected to the Committee shall be those nominees who obtain the largest number of votes and an absolute majority of the votes of the States Parties present and voting.

4. L’elezione dei membri del Comitato ha luogo nel corso di una riunione degli Stati parte convocati dal Segretario generale presso la Sede dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite. A questa riunione, dove il quorum è costituito dai due terzi degli Stati parte, vengono eletti membri del Comitato i candidati aventi ottenuto il maggior numero di voti e la maggioranza assoluta dei voti dei rappresentanti degli Stati parte presenti e votanti.

5. (a) The members of the Committee shall serve for a term of four years. However, the terms of five of the members elected in the first election shall expire at the end of two years; immediately after the first election, the names of these five members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the meeting of States Parties;

5. (a) I membri del Comitato hanno un mandato di quattro anni. Tuttavia, il mandato di cinque dei membri eletti durante la prima elezione termina allo scadere dei due anni; immediatamente dopo la prima elezione, il nome di questi 5 membri viene estratto a sorte dal presidente della riunione degli Stati parte;

(b) The election of the four additional members of the Committee shall be held in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of the present article, following the entry into force of the Convention for the forty-first State Party. The term of two of the additional members elected on this occasion shall expire at the end of two years; the names of these members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the meeting of States Parties;

b) L’elezione dei quattro membri supplementari del Comitato ha luogo conformemente alle disposizioni dei paragrafi 2,3 e 4 del presente articolo, dopo l’entrata in vigore della Convenzione da parte del quarantunesimo Stato parte. Il mandato di due dei membri supplementari eletti in questa occasione termina allo scadere di due anni; il nome di questi membri viene estratto a sorte dal presidente della riunione degli Stati parte;

(c) The members of the Committee shall be eligible for re-election if renominated.

c) I membri del Comitato sono rieleggibili se la loro candidatura viene nuovamente presentata.

6. If a member of the Committee dies or resigns or declares that for any other cause he or she can no longer perform the duties of the Committee, the State Party that nominated the expert shall appoint another expert from among its own nationals for the remaining part of the term. The new appointment is subject to the approval of the Committee.

6. Se un membro del Comitato muore o rinuncia ad esercitare le sue funzioni o si dichiara per una qualunque causa nell’impossibilità di svolgerle prima della scadenza del suo mandato, lo Stato parte che ha presentato la sua candidatura nomina una altro esperto tra i propri cittadini (ressortissants) per la restante parte del mandato. La nuova nomina viene sottomessa all’approvazione del Comitato.

7. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the necessary staff and facilities for the effective performance of the functions of the Committee.

7. Il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione elle Nazioni Unite mette a disposizione del Comitato il personale e i mezzi necessari per assolvere efficacemente le sue funzioni..

8. The members of the Committee shall receive emoluments from United Nations resources on such terms and conditions as the General Assembly may decide.

8. I membri del Comitato ricevono emolumenti prelevati dalle risorse dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, secondo le modalità che possono essere definite dall’Assemblea Generale

9. The members of the Committee shall be entitled to the facilities, privileges and immunities of experts on mission for the United Nations as laid down in the relevant sections of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations.

9. I membri del Comitato beneficiano delle facilitazioni, privilegi ed immunità accordate agli esperti in missione per l’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, per come queste vengono previste nelle sezioni pertinenti della Convenzione sui privilegi ed immunità delle Nazioni Unite.

Article 73

Articolo 73

1. States Parties undertake to submit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for consideration by the Committee a report on the legislative, judicial, administrative and other measures they have taken to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention:

1. Gli Stati parte si impegnano a sottomettere al Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite con un esame del Comitato un rapporto sulle misure legislative, giudiziarie, amministrative ed altre che vengono prese per dare corso alle disposizioni della presente Convenzione:

(a) Within one year after the entry into force of the Convention for the State Party concerned;

a) Entro un anno a partire dall’entrata in vigore della Convenzione da parte dello Stato interessato;

(b) Thereafter every five years and whenever the Committee so requests.

b) In seguito, ogni cinque anni ed ogni volta che il Comitato ne fa domanda.

2. Reports prepared under the present article shall also indicate factors and difficulties, if any, affecting the implementation of the Convention and shall include information on the characteristics of migration flows in which the State Party concerned is involved.

2. I rapporti presentati in virtù del presente articolo dovranno anche indicare i fattori e le difficoltà che affliggono, nel caso dovuto, la messa in opera delle disposizioni della Convenzione e fornire informazioni sulle caratteristiche dei movimenti migratori concernenti lo Stato parte interessato.

3. The Committee shall decide any further guidelines applicable to the content of the reports.

3. Il Comitato decide su ogni nuova direttiva concernente il contenuto dei rapporti.

4. States Parties shall make their reports widely available to the public in their own countries.

4. Gli Stati parte mettono i loro rapporti a vasta disposizione del pubblico nel loro proprio paese.

Article 74

Articolo 74

1. The Committee shall examine the reports submitted by each State Party and shall transmit such comments as it may consider appropriate to the State Party concerned. This State Party may submit to the Committee observations on any comment made by the Committee in accordance with the present article. The Committee may request supplementary information from States Parties when considering these reports.

1. Il Comitato esamina i rapporti presentati da ogni Stato parte e trasmette allo Stato parte interessato i commentari che può ritenere appropriati. Questo Stato parte può sottomettere al Comitato delle osservazioni su ogni commento fatto dal Comitato conformemente alle disposizioni del presente articolo. Il Comitato, quando esamina tali rapporti, può domandare informazioni supplementari agli Stati parte.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall, in due time before the opening of each regular session of the Committee, transmit to the Director-General of the International Labour Office copies of the reports submitted by States Parties concerned and information relevant to the consideration of these reports, in order to enable the Office to assist the Committee with the expertise the Office may provide regarding those matters dealt with by the present Convention that fall within the sphere of competence of the International Labour Organisation. The Committee shall consider in its deliberations such comments and materials as the Office may provide.

2. In tempi opportuni prima dell’apertura di ogni sessione ordinaria del Comitato, il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite trasmette al Direttore generale dell’Ufficio internazionale del Lavoro copie dei rapporti presentati dagli Stati parte interessati e informazioni utili per l’analisi di tali rapporti, al fine di permettere all’Ufficio di aiutare il Comitato attraverso le conoscenze specializzate che può fornire per quel che concerne le questioni trattate nella presente Convenzione che entrano nell’ambito delle competenze dell’Organizzazione internazionale del Lavoro. Il Comitato terrà conto, nelle sue deliberazioni, di tutti i commentari e documenti che potranno essere forniti dall’Ufficio.

3. The Secretary-General of the United Nations may also, after consultation with the Committee, transmit to other specialized agencies as well as to intergovernmental organizations, copies of such parts of these reports as may fall within their competence.

3. Il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite può ugualmente, previa consultazione con il Comitato, trasmettere ad altre istituzioni specializzate oltre che ad organizzazioni intergovernative copie delle parti di tali rapporti che rientrano nei loro ambiti di competenza.

4. The Committee may invite the specialized agencies and organs of the United Nations, as well as intergovernmental organizations and other concerned bodies to submit, for consideration by the Committee, written information on such matters dealt with in the present Convention as fall within the scope of their activities.

4. Il Comitato può invitare le istituzioni specializzate e gli organi dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite oltre che organizzazioni intergovernative ed altre organizzazioni interessate, a sottomettere per iscritto, all’esame del Comitato, informazioni sulle questioni trattate nella presente Convenzione che rientrano nella loro area di attività.

5. The International Labour Office shall be invited by the Committee to appoint representatives to participate, in a consultative capacity, in the meetings of the Committee.

5. L’Ufficio internazionale del Lavoro è invitato dal Comitato a designare rappresentanti perché questi partecipino, a titolo consultivo, alle riunioni del Comitato.

6. The Committee may invite representatives of other specialized agencies and organs of the United Nations, as well as of intergovernmental organizations, to be present and to be heard in its meetings whenever matters falling within their field of competence are considered.

6. Il Comitato può invitare rappresentanti di altre istituzioni specializzate e di organi dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, oltre che organizzazioni intergovernative, ad assistere a essere sentiti alle sue riunioni allorché si esaminano questioni che rientrano nel loro ambito di competenza.

7. The Committee shall present an annual report to the General Assembly of the United Nations on the implementation of the present Convention, containing its own considerations and recommendations, based, in particular, on the examination of the reports and any observations presented by States Parties.

7. Il Comitato presenta un rapporto annuale all’Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite sull’applicazione della presente Convenzione, contenente le sue proprie osservazioni e raccomandazioni fondate, in particolare, sull’esame dei rapporti e su tutte le osservazioni presentate dagli Stati parte.

8. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit the annual reports of the Committee to the States Parties to the present Convention, the Economic and Social Council, the Commission on Human Rights of the United Nations, the Director-General of the International Labour Office and other relevant organizations.

8. Il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite trasmette i rapporti annuali del Comitato agli Stati parte della presente Convenzione, al Consiglio economico e sociale, alla Commissione dei diritti dell’uomo dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, al Direttore generale dell’Ufficio internazionale del Lavoro e ad altre organizzazioni pertinenti.

Article 75

Articolo 75

1. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

1. Il Comitato adotta il suo proprio regolamento interno.

2. The Committee shall elect its officers for a term of two years.

2. Il Comitato elegge il suo ufficio per un periodo di due anni.

3. The Committee shall normally meet annually.

3. Il Comitato si riunisce regolarmente una volta l’anno.

4. The meetings of the Committee shall normally be held at United Nations Headquarters.

4. Le riunioni del Comitato hanno normalmente luogo presso la Sede delle Nazioni Unite.

Article 76

Articolo 76

1. A State Party to the present Convention may at any time declare under this article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications to the effect that a State Party claims that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under the present Convention. Communications under this article may be received and considered only if submitted by a State Party that has made a declaration recognizing in regard to itself the competence of the Committee. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party which has not made such a declaration. Communications received under this article shall be dealt with in accordance with the following procedure:

1. Ogni Stato parte della presente Convenzione può, in virtù del presente articolo, dichiarare in ogni momento che riconosce la competenza del Comitato per ricevere ed esaminare comunicazioni nelle quali uno Stato parte pretende che un altro Stato parte non assolva i propri obblighi previsti dalla presente Convenzione. Le comunicazioni presentate in virtù del presente articolo non possono essere ricevute ed esaminate se non quelle emanate da uno Stato parte che ha fatto una dichiarazione riconoscente, per quel che lo concerne, la competenza del Comitato. Il Comitato non accetta alcuna comunicazione interessante uno Stato parte che non abbia fatto una tale dichiarazione. La procedura seguente si applica a riguardo delle comunicazioni ricevute conformemente al presente articolo:

(a) If a State Party to the present Convention considers that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under the present Convention, it may, by written communication, bring the matter to the attention of that State Party. The State Party may also inform the Committee of the matter. Within three months after the receipt of the communication the receiving State shall afford the State that sent the communication an explanation, or any other statement in writing clarifying the matter which should include, to the extent possible and pertinent, reference to domestic procedures and remedies taken, pending or available in the matter;

a) Se uno Stato parte della presente Convenzione stima che un altro Stato parte non assolve i propri impegni, riguardo alla presente Convenzione, può richiamare, per comunicazione scritta, l’attenzione di tale Stato sulla questione. Lo Stato parte può anche informare il Comitato della questione. Entro i tre mesi a partire dalla ricezione della comunicazione, lo Stato destinatario farà dare dallo Stato al quale ha indirizzato la comunicazione delle spiegazioni o ogni altra dichiarazione scritta delucidante la questione, che dovranno comprendere, in tutte le misure possibili ed utili, delle indicazioni sulle regole delle procedure e sugli strumenti di ricorso, siano essi già utilizzati, in corso o ancora accessibili;

(b) If the matter is not adjusted to the satisfaction of both States Parties concerned within six months after the receipt by the receiving State of the initial communication, either State shall have the right to refer the matter to the Committee, by notice given to the Committee and to the other State;

b) Se, in un periodo di sei mesi dalla data di ricezione della comunicazione originale dallo Stato destinatario, la questione non è stata regolata con soddisfazione dei due Stati parte interessati, l’uno e l’altro avranno diritto di sottometterla al Comitato, indirizzando una notifica al Comitato oltre che all’altro Stato interessato;

(c) The Committee shall deal with a matter referred to it only after it has ascertained that all available domestic remedies have been invoked and exhausted in the matter, in conformity with the generally recognized principles of international law. This shall not be the rule where, in the view of the Committee, the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged;

c) Il Comitato non può venire a conoscenza di un affare che gli viene sottomesso, se non dopo essersi assicurato che tutti i ricorsi interni siano stati utilizzati ed esauriti, in maniera conforme ai principi del diritto internazionale generalmente riconosciuto. Questa regola non si applica ai casi in cui, per avviso del Comitato, le procedure di ricorso eccedono i tempi ragionevoli ;

(d) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (c) of the present paragraph, the Committee shall make available its good offices to the States Parties concerned with a view to a friendly solution of the matter on the basis of the respect for the obligations set forth in the present Convention;

d) Con riserva delle disposizioni della lettera "c" del presente paragrafo, il Comitato affida i suoi buoni uffici alla disposizione degli Stati parte interessati, al fine di pervenire ad una soluzione amichevole della questione fondata sul rispetto degli obblighi enunciati nella presente Convenzione;

(e) The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under the present article;

e) Il Comitato tiene le sue sedute a porte chiuse allorché esamina le comunicazioni previste al presente articolo;

(f) In any matter referred to it in accordance with subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, the Committee may call upon the States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b), to supply any relevant information;

f) In ogni affare che gli viene sottomesso conformemente alla lettera "b" del presente paragrafo, il Comitato può domandare agli Stati parte interessati indicati alla lettera "b" di fornirgli tutte le informazioni pertinenti;

(g) The States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, shall have the right to be represented when the matter is being considered by the Committee and to make submissions orally and/or in writing;

Gli Stati parte interessati indicati alla lettera "b" del presente paragrafo hanno il diritto di farsi rappresentare al momento dell’esame dell’affare dal Comitato e di presentare osservazioni oralmente o per iscritto, o sotto l’una e l’altra forma;

(h) The Committee shall, within twelve months after the date of receipt of notice under subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, submit a report, as follows:

h) Il Comitato deve presentare un rapporto in un periodo di dodici mesi a partire dal giorno in cui ha ricevutola notifica indicata alla lettera "b" del presente paragrafo:

(i) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (d) of the present paragraph is reached, the Committee shall confine its report to a brief statement of the facts and of the solution reached;

i) Se una soluzione ha potuto essere trovata conformemente alle disposizioni della lettera "d" del presente paragrafo, il Comitato si limita, nel suo rapporto, ad una breve esposizione dei fatti e della soluzione intervenuta;

(ii) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (d) is not reached, the Committee shall, in its report, set forth the relevant facts concerning the issue between the States Parties concerned. The written submissions and record of the oral submissions made by the States Parties concerned shall be attached to the report. The Committee may also communicate only to the States Parties concerned any views that it may consider relevant to the issue between them. In every matter, the report shall be communicated to the States Parties concerned.

ii) Se una soluzione non ha potuto essere trovata conformemente alle disposizioni della lettera "d" del presente paragrafo, il Comitato espone, nel suo rapporto, i fatti pertinenti concernenti l’oggetto del contendere tra gli Stati parte interessati. Il testo delle osservazioni scritte e il processo-verbale delle osservazioni orali presentate dagli Stati parte interessati vengono aggiunti al rapporto. Il Comitato può ugualmente comunicare agli Stati parte interessati solamente ogni volta che lo possa considerare pertinente in materia. Per ogni affare, il rapporto viene comunicato agli Stati parte interessati.

2. The provisions of the present article shall come into force when ten States Parties to the present Convention have made a declaration under paragraph I of the present article. Such declarations shall be deposited by the States Parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter that is the subject of a communication already transmitted under the present article; no further communication by any State Party shall be received under the present article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State Party concerned has made a new declaration.

2. Le disposizioni del presente articolo entreranno in vigore quando dieci Stati parte della presente Convenzione avranno fatto la dichiarazione prevista al paragrafo 1 del presente articolo. La detta dichiarazione viene depositata dallo Stato parte presso il Segretario generale dell’ Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, che ne comunica copia agli altri Stati parte. Una dichiarazione può essere ritirata ad ogni momento per mezzo di una notifica indirizzata al Segretario generale. Questo ritiro avviene senza pregiudizio per la disamina di ogni questione che costituisce oggetto di una comunicazione già trasmessa in virtù del presente articolo; nessuna altra comunicazione di uno Stato parte verrà ricevuta in virtù del presente articolo dopo che il Segretario generale abbia ricevuto notifica di ritiro della dichiarazione, a meno che lo Stato parte interessato non abbia fatto una nuova dichiarazione.

Article 77

Articolo 77

1. A State Party to the present Convention may at any time declare under the present article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from or on behalf of individuals subject to its jurisdiction who claim that their individual rights as established by the present Convention have been violated by that State Party. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party that has not made such a declaration.

1. Ogni Stato parte della presente Convenzione può, in virtù del presente articolo, dichiarare in ogni momento di riconoscere la competenza del Comitato per ricevere ed esaminare le comunicazioni presentate da o per conto di particolari rilevanti della sua giurisdizione che pretendono che i loro diritti individuali stabiliti dalla presente Convenzione sono stati violati da tale Stato parte. Il Comitato non riceve alcuna comunicazione che interessi uno Stato parte che non ha fatto una tale dichiarazione.

2. The Committee shall consider inadmissible any communication under the present article which is anonymous or which it considers to be an abuse of the right of submission of such communications or to be incompatible with the provisions of the present Convention.

2. Il Comitato dichiara non ricevibile ogni comunicazione sottomessa in virtù del presente articolo che è anonima o che si considera essere un abuso di diritto di sottomettere tali comunicazioni, o essere incompatibile con le disposizioni della presente Convenzione.

3. The Committee shall not consider any communication from an individual under the present article unless it has ascertained that:

3. Il Comitato non esamina alcuna comunicazione di un particolare in maniera conforme al presente articolo senza essersi assicurata che:

(a) The same matter has not been, and is not being, examined under another procedure of international investigation or settlement;

a) la stessa questione non è stata e non è in corso di esame dinanzi ad un’altra istanza internazionale di inchiesta o di regolamento;

(b) The individual has exhausted all available domestic remedies; this shall not be the rule where, in the view of the Committee, the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged or is unlikely to bring effective relief to that individual.

b) Il particolare che ha esaurito tutti i ricorsi interni disponibili; questa regola non si applica se, ad avviso del Comitato, le procedure di ricorso eccedono i tempi ragionevoli, o se sia poco probabile che le vie di ricorso porteranno una soddisfazione effettiva a questi particolari.

4. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of the present article, the Committee shall bring any communications submitted to it under this article to the attention of the State Party to the present Convention that has made a declaration under paragraph 1 and is alleged to be violating any provisions of the Convention. Within six months, the receiving State shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that may have been taken by that State.

4. Con riserva delle disposizioni del paragrafo 2 del presente articolo, il Comitato porta ogni comunicazione che gli viene sottomessa in virtù del presente articolo all’attenzione dello Stato parte della presente Convenzione che ha fatto una dichiarazione in virtù del paragrafo 1 ed ha presumibilmente violato una qualunque delle disposizioni della Convenzione. Nei sei mesi che seguono, detto Stato sottomette per iscritto al Comitato delle spiegazioni o dichiarazioni che chiariscono la questione e indicando, nel caso dovuto, le misure che possono essere prese per rimediare alla situazione.

5. The Committee shall consider communications received under the present article in the light of all information made available to it by or on behalf of the individual and by the State Party concerned.

5. Il Comitato esamina le comunicazioni ricevute in virtù del presente articolo e tenendo conto di tutte le informazioni che gli vengono sottomesse per o per conto di particolari e dallo Stato parte interessato.

6. The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under the present article.

6. Il Comitato tiene le sue sedute a porte chiuse quando esamina le comunicazioni previste nel presente articolo.

7. The Committee shall forward its views to the State Party concerned and to the individual.

7. Il Comitato comunica le sue constatazioni allo Stato parte interessato e al particolare.

8. The provisions of the present article shall come into force when ten States Parties to the present Convention have made declarations under paragraph 1 of the present article. Such declarations shall be deposited by the States Parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter that is the subject of a communication already transmitted under the present article; no further communication by or on behalf of an individual shall be received under the present article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State Party has made a new declaration.

8. Le disposizioni del presente articolo entreranno in vigore quando dieci Stati parte della presente Convenzione avranno fatto la dichiarazione prevista al paragrafo 1 del presente articolo. La detta dichiarazione viene depositata dallo Stato parte presso il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, il quale ne comunica copia agli altri Stati parte. Una dichiarazione può essere ad ogni momento ritirata per mezzo di una notifica indirizzata al Segretario generale. Tale ritiro avviene senza pregiudizio per l’esame di tutte le questioni che costituiscono l’oggetto di una comunicazione già trasmessa in virtù del presente articolo; alcuna altra comunicazione sottomessa per o per conto di un particolare sarà ricevuta in virtù del presente articolo sino a che il Segretario generale avrà ricevuto notifica del ritiro della dichiarazione, a meno che lo Stato parte interessato non abbia fatto una nuova dichiarazione.

Article 78

Articolo 78

The provisions of article 76 of the present Convention shall be applied without prejudice to any procedures for settling disputes or complaints in the field covered by the present Convention laid down in the constituent instruments of, or in conventions adopted by, the United Nations and the specialized agencies and shall not prevent the States Parties from having recourse to any procedures for settling a dispute in accordance with international agreements in force between them.

Le disposizioni dell’articolo 76 della presente Convenzione si applicano senza pregiudizio per ogni procedura di regolamento delle controversie o dei reclami nell’ambito della presente Convenzione previste dagli strumenti costitutivi e le convenzioni dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite e delle istituzioni specializzate, e non impediscono gli Stati parte di ricorrere ad una qualunque delle altre procedure per il regolamento di una controversia in maniera conforme agli accordi internazionali che li legano.

PART VIII : GENERAL PROVISIONS

OTTAVA PARTE DISPOSIZIONI GENERALI

Article 79

Articolo 79

Nothing in the present Convention shall affect the right of each State Party to establish the criteria governing admission of migrant workers and members of their families. Concerning other matters related to their legal situation and treatment as migrant workers and members of their families, States Parties shall be subject to the limitations set forth in the present Convention.

Nessuna disposizione della presente Convenzione lede il diritto dello Stato parte di fissare i criteri regolanti l’ammissione dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia. In quel che concerne le altre questioni relative allo status giuridico ed al trattamento dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia, gli Stati parte sono legati dalle limitazioni imposte dalla presente Convenzione.

Article 80

Articolo 80

Nothing in the present Convention shall be interpreted as impairing the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and of the constitutions of the specialized agencies which define the respective responsibilities of the various organs of the United Nations and of the specialized agencies in regard to the matters dealt with in the present Convention.

Nessuna disposizione della presente Convenzione deve essere interpretata come lesiva delle disposizioni della Carta delle Nazioni Unite e degli atti costitutivi delle istituzioni specializzate che definiscono le responsabilità rispettive dei diversi organi dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite e delle istituzioni specializzate in quel che concerne le questioni trattate nella presente Convenzione.

Article 81

Articolo 81

1. Nothing in the present Convention shall affect more favourable rights or freedoms granted to migrant workers and members of their families by virtue of:

1. Nessuna disposizione della presente Convenzione lede i diritti e libertà più favorevoli accordate ai lavoratori migranti e ai membri della loro famiglia in virtù:

(a) The law or practice of a State Party; or

a) Del diritto o della pratica dello Stato parte; o

(b) Any bilateral or multilateral treaty in force for the State Party concerned.

b) Di ogni trattato bilaterale o multilaterale vincolante lo Stato parte considerato

2. Nothing in the present Convention may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act that would impair any of the rights and freedoms as set forth in the present Convention.

2. Nessuna disposizione della presente Convenzione deve essere interpretata come implicante, per uno Stato, un gruppo o una persona, un diritto qualunque di dedicarsi a qualsiasi attività o di compiere ogni atto che attenti uno di questi diritti od una di queste libertà enunciate nella presente Convenzione.

Article 82

Articolo 82

The rights of migrant workers and members of their families provided for in the present Convention may not be renounced. It shall not be permissible to exert any form of pressure upon migrant workers and members of their families with a view to their relinquishing or foregoing any of the said rights. It shall not be possible to derogate by contract from rights recognized in the present Convention. States Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that these principles are respected.

Non si può rinunciare ai diritti dei lavoratori migranti e dei membri della loro famiglia previsti nella presente Convenzione. Non è permesso di esercitare una qualunque forma di pressione sui lavoratori migranti e i membri della loro famiglia affinché essi rinuncino ad uno qualunque di tali diritti o si astengano dall’esercitarli. Non è possibile derogare per contratto ai diritti riconosciuti nella presente Convenzione. Gli Stati parte prendono le misure appropriate per assicurare che tali principi siano rispettati.

Article 83

Articolo 83

Each State Party to the present Convention undertakes:

Ogni Stato parte della presente Convenzione si impegna:

(a) To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity;

a) A garantire che ogni persona della quale i diritti e le libertà riconosciute nella presente Convenzione sono stati violati disponga di un ricorso utile anche se la violazione è stata commessa da persone che agiscono nell’esercizio delle loro funzioni ufficiali;

(b) To ensure that any persons seeking such a remedy shall have his or her claim reviewed and decided by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by the legal system of the State, and to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy;

b) A garantire che ogni persona che esercita un tale ricorso ottenga che la sua causa (plainte) sia esaminata e che si decida su di essa attraverso l’autorità giudiziaria, amministrativa o legislativa competente o per tutt’altra autorità competente prevista nel sistema giuridico dello Stato, e per (à) sviluppare le possibilità di ricorsi giurisdizionali;

(c) To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted.

c) A garantire che le autorità competenti diano seguito ad ogni ricorso che sarà riconosciuto giustificato.

Article 84

Articolo 84

Each State Party undertakes to adopt the legislative and other measures that are necessary to implement the provisions of the present Convention.

Ogni Stato parte si impegna a prendere tutte le misure legislative ed altre necessarie all’applicazione delle disposizioni della presente Convenzione.

PART IX : FINAL PROVISIONS

NONA PARTE: DISPOSIZIONI FINALI

Article 85

Articolo 85

The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated as the depositary of the present Convention.

Il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite è designato come depositario della presente Convenzione.

Article 86

Articolo 86

1. The present Convention shall be open for signature by all States. It is subject to ratification.

1. La presente Convenzione è aperta alla firma di tutti gli Stati. La Convenzione è soggetta a ratifica

2. The present Convention shall be open to accession by any State.

2. La presente Convenzione sarà aperta all’adesione di tutti gli Stati

3. Instruments of ratification or accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

3. Gli strumenti di ratifica o di adesione saranno depositati presso il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

Article 87

Articolo 87

1. The present Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following a period of three months after the date of the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

1. La presente Convenzione entrerà in vigore il primo giorno del mese seguente un periodo di tre mesi dopo la data di licenziamento del ventesimo strumento di ratifica o di adesione.

2. For each State ratifying or acceding to the present Convention after its entry into force, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following a period of three months after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession.

2. Per ogni Stato che ratifica la presente Convenzione dopo la sua entrata in vigore o vi aderisca, questa entrerà in vigore il primo giorno del mese seguente un periodo di tre mesi dopo la data di licenziamento di questo Stato del suo strumento di ratificazione o di adesione.

Article 88

Articolo 88

A State ratifying or acceding to the present Convention may not exclude the application of any Part of it, or, without prejudice to article 3, exclude any particular category of migrant workers from its application.

Uno Stato che ratifica la presente Convenzione o vi aderisce non può precludere l’applicazione di una parte qualunque di questa, senza pregiudicare l’articolo 3, escludere una categoria qualunque di lavoratori migranti dalla sua applicazione.

Article 89

Articolo 89

1. Any State Party may denounce the present Convention, not earlier than five years after the Convention has entered into force for the State concerned, by means of a notification writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

1. Ogni Stato parte potrà denunciare la presente Convenzione, dopo un lasso di tempo di almeno cinque anni sarà decorso dalla sua entrata in vigore nei riguardi di detto Stato, per vi di notifica scritta indirizzata al Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

2. Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of twelve months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

2. La denuncia prenderà effetto il primo giorno del mese seguente l’espirazione di un periodo di dodici mesi dopo la data di ricevimento della notifica da parte del Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

3. Such a denunciation shall not have the effect of releasing the State Party from its obligations under the present Convention in regard to any act or omission whi ch occurs prior to the date at which the denunciation becomes effective, nor shall denunciation prejudice in any way the continued consideration of any matter which is already under consideration by the Committee prior to the date at which the denunciation becomes effective.

3. Una tale denuncia non libererà lo Stato parte degli obblighi che lo riguardano in virtù della presente Convenzione per quel che concerne ogni atto o ogni omissione commessa prima della data alla quale la denuncia prenderà effetto; questa non apporterà ostacoli al proseguimento dell’esame di ogni questione di cui il Comitato è già stato investito alla data in cui la denuncia ha preso effetto.

4. Following the date at which the denunciation of a State Party becomes effective, the Committee shall not commence consideration of any new matter regarding that State.

4. Dopo la data nella quale la denuncia di uno Stato parte prende effetto, il Comitato non intraprende l’esame di alcuna questione nuova concernente questo Stato

Article 90

Articolo 90

1. After five years from the entry into force of the Convention a request for the revision of the Convention may be made at any time by any State Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General shall thereupon communicate any proposed amendments to the States Parties with a request that they notify him whether the favour a conference of States Parties for the purpose of considering and voting upon the proposals. In the event that within four months from the date of such communication at least one third of the States Parties favours such a conference, the Secretary-General shall convene the conference under the auspices of the United Nations. Any amendment adopted by a majority of the States Parties present and voting shall be submitted to the General Assembly for approval.

1. Allo scadere dei cinque anni a contare dalla data di entrata i vigore della presente Convenzione, ognuno degli Stati parte potrà formulare in ogni momento una domanda di revisione della presente Convenzione per via di notifica scritta indirizzata al Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite. Il Segretario generale comunicherà allora tutti gli emendamenti proposti dagli Stati parte alla presente Convenzione, domandando loro di fargli sapere se essi sono in favore della convocazione di una conferenza degli Stati parte a fine di studiare le proposte e di votare in merito. Nel caso in cui, nei quattro mesi seguenti la data di tale comunicazione, almeno un terzo degli Stati parte si pronuncerà in favore della convocazione di tale conferenza, il Segretario generale convocherà la conferenza sotto gli auspici dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite. Ogni emendamento adottato dalla maggioranza degli Stati parte presenti e votanti sarà presentato all’Assemblea generale per l’approvazione.

2. Amendments shall come into force when they have been approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations and accepted by a two-thirds majority of the States Parties in accordance with their respective constitutional processes.

2. Gli emendamenti entreranno in vigore quando saranno stati approvati dall’Assemblea generale delle Nazioni Unite ed accettati da una maggioranza dei due terzi degli Stati parte, in maniera conforme alle loro rispettive regoli costituzionali.

3. When amendments come into force, they shall be binding on those States Parties that have accepted them, other States Parties still being bound by the provisions of the present Convention and any earlier amendment that they have accepted.

3. Quando questi emendamenti entreranno in vigore, saranno obbligatori per gli Stati parte che li avranno accettati, gli altri Stati parte restano legati alle disposizioni della presente Convenzione e ad ogni emendamento anteriore che questi avranno accettato.

Article 91

Articolo 91

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive and circulate to all States the text of reservations made by States at the time of signature, ratification or accession.

1. Il segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite riceverà e comunicherà a tutti gli Stati il testo delle riserve che saranno state fatte dagli Stati parte al momento della firma, della ratificazione o dell’adesione.

2. A reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the present Convention shall not be permitted.

2. Nessuna riserva incompatibile con l’oggetto e il fine della presente Convenzione sarà autorizzata.

3. Reservations may be withdrawn at any time by notification to this effect addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall then inform all States thereof. Such notification shall take effect on the date on which it is received.

3. Le riserve possono essere ritirate ad ogni momento per via di notifica indirizzata al Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, la quale informa tutti gli Stati. La notifica prenderà effetto dalla data di ricezione.

Article 92

Articolo 92

1. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the present Convention that is not settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration. If within six months from the date of the request for arbitration the Parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those Parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by request in conformity with the Statute of the Court.

1. Ogni controversia tra due o più Stati parte concernente l’interpretazione o l’applicazione della presente Convenzione che non è regolata per via negoziale sarà sottomessa ad arbitrato, a domanda di una delle due parti. Se, nei sei mesi che seguono la data della domanda di arbitrato, le parti non perverranno ad un accordo sull’organizzazione dell’arbitrato, una qualunque delle due potrà sottoporre la controversia alla Corte internazionale di Giustizia, depositando una richiesta in maniera conforme allo Statuto della Corte.

2. Each State Party may at the time of signature or ratification of the present Convention or accession thereto declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 1 of the present article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by that paragraph with respect to any State Party that has made such a declaration.

2. Ogni Stato parte potrà, al momento nel quale firmerà la presente Convenzione, la ratificherà o vi aderirà, dichiarare che non si sente legato dalle disposizioni del paragrafo 1 del presente articolo. Gli altri Stati parte non saranno legati a dette disposizioni verso uno Stato parte che avrà formulato una tale dichiarazione.

3. Any State Party that has made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 2 of the present article may at any time withdraw that declaration by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

3. Ogni Stato parte che avrà formulato una dichiarazione in maniera conforme alle disposizioni del paragrafo 2 del presente articolo potrà ad ogni momento ritirare tale dichiarazione per via di notifica indirizzata al Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

Article 93

Articolo 93

1. The present Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

1. La presente Convenzione, i cui testi in inglese, arabo, cinese, spagnolo, francese e russo fanno ugualmente fede, sarà depositata presso il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit certified copies of the present Convention to all States.

2. Il Segretario generale dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite trasmetterà una copia conforme certificata della presente Convenzione a tutti gli Stati.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed the present Convention.

NEL TESTIMONIARLO i sottoscritti plenipotenziari, debitamente abilitati dai loro rispettivi governi, hanno firmato la presente Convenzione.



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V
ERSIONE PER READSPEAKER
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INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF ALL MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

Adopted by General Assembly resolution 45/158 of 18 December 1990 Enters into force on 1 July 2003

PREAMBLE

The States Parties to the present Convention,

Taking into account the principles embodied in the basic instruments of the United Nations concerning human rights, in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,

Taking into account also the principles and standards set forth in the relevant instruments elaborated within the framework of the International Labour Organisation, especially the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (No. 97), the Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers (No.143), the Recommendation concerning Migration for Employment (No. 86), the Recommendation concerning Migrant Workers (No.151), the Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour (No. 29) and the Convention concerning Abolition of Forced Labour (No. 105),

Reaffirming the importance of the principles contained in the Convention against Discrimination in Education of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization,

Recalling the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, the Declaration of the Fourth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, and the Slavery Conventions,

Recalling that one of the objectives of the International Labour Organisation, as stated in its Constitution, is the protection of the interests of workers when employed in countries other than their own, and bearing in mind the expertise and experience of that organization in matters related to migrant workers and members of their families,

Recognizing the importance of the work done in connection with migrant workers and members of their families in various organs of the United Nations, in particular in the Commission on Human Rights and the Commission for Social Development, and in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Health Organization, as well as in other international organizations,

Recognizing also the progress made by certain States on a regional or bilateral basis towards the protection of the rights of migrant workers and members of their families, as well as the importance and usefulness of bilateral and multilateral agreements in this field,

Realizing the importance and extent of the migration phenomenon, which involves millions of people and affects a large number of States in the international community,

Aware of the impact of the flows of migrant workers on States and people concerned, and desiring to establish norms which may contribute to the harmonization of the attitudes of States through the acceptance of basic principles concerning the treatment of migrant workers and members of their families,

Considering the situation of vulnerability in which migrant workers and members of their families frequently-find themselves owing, among other things, to their absence from their State of origin and to the difficulties they may encounter arising from their presence in the State of employment,

Convinced that the rights of migrant workers and members of their families have not been sufficiently recognized everywhere and therefore require appropriate international protection,

Taking into account the fact that migration is often the cause of serious problems for the members of the families of migrant workers as well as for the workers themselves, in particular because of the scattering of the family,

Bearing in mind that the human problems involved in migration are even more serious in the case of irregular migration and convinced therefore that appropriate action should be encouraged in order to prevent and eliminate clandestine movements and trafficking in migrant workers, while at the same time assuring the protection of their fundamental human rights,

Considering that workers who are non-documented or in an irregular situation are frequently employed under less favourable conditions of work than other workers and that certain employers find this an inducement to seek such labour in order to reap the benefits of unfair competition,

Considering also that recourse to the employment of migrant workers who are in an irregular situation will be discouraged if the fundamental human rights of all migrant workers are more widely recognized and, moreover, that granting certain additional rights to migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation will encourage all migrants and employers to respect and comply with the laws and procedures established by the States concerned,

Convinced, therefore, of the need to bring about the international protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families, reaffirming and establishing basic norms in a comprehensive convention which could be applied universally,

Have agreed as follows:

PART I : SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS

Article 1

1. The present Convention is applicable, except as otherwise provided hereafter, to all migrant workers and members of their families without distinction of any kind such as sex, race, colour, language, religion or conviction, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, nationality, age, economic position, property, marital status, birth or other status.

2. The present Convention shall apply during the entire migration process of migrant workers and members of their families, which comprises preparation for migration, departure, transit and the entire period of stay and remunerated activity in the State of employment as well as return to the State of origin or the State of habitual residence.

Article 2

For the purposes of the present Convention:

1. The term "migrant worker" refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a State of which he or she is not a national.

2 (a) The term "frontier worker" refers to a migrant worker who retains his or her habitual residence in a neighbouring State to which he or she normally returns every day or at least once a week;

(b) The term "seasonal worker" refers to a migrant worker whose work by its character is dependent on seasonal conditions and is performed only during part of the year;

(c) The term "seafarer", which includes a fisherman, refers to a migrant worker employed on board a vessel registered in a State of which he or she is not a national;

(d) The term "worker on an offshore installation" refers to a migrant worker employed on an offshore installation that is under the jurisdiction of a State of which he or she is not a national;

(e) The term "itinerant worker'' refers to a migrant worker who, having his or her habitual residence in one State, has to travel to another State or States for short periods, owing to the nature of his or her occupation;

(f) The term "project-tied worker" refers to a migrant worker admitted to a State of employment for a defined period to work solely on a specific project being carried out in that State by his or her employer;

(g) The term "specified-employment worker" refers to a migrant worker:

(i) Who has been sent by his or her employer for a restricted and defined period of time to a State of employment to undertake a specific assignment or duty; or

(ii) Who engages for a restricted and defined period of time in work that requires professional, commercial, technical or other highly specialized skill; or

(iii) Who, upon the request of his or her employer in the State of employment, engages for a restricted and defined period of time in work whose nature is transitory or brief; and who is required to depart from the State of employment either at the expiration of his or her authorized period of stay, or earlier if he or she no longer undertakes that specific assignment or duty or engages in that work;

(h) The term "self-employed worker" refers to a migrant worker who is engaged in a remunerated activity otherwise than under acontract of employment and who earns his or her living through this activity normally working alone or together with members of his or her family, and to any other migrant worker recognized as self-employed by applicable legislation of the State of employment or bilateral or multilateral agreements.

Article 3

The present Convention shall not apply to:

(a) Persons sent or employed by international organizations and agencies or persons sent or employed by a State outside its territory to perform official functions, whose admission and status are regulated by general international law or by specific international agreements or conventions;

(b) Persons sent or employed by a State or on its behalf outside its territory who participate in development programmes and other co-operation programmes, whose admission and status are regulated by agreement with the State of employment and who, in accordance with that agreement, are not considered migrant workers;

(c) Persons taking up residence in a State different from their State of origin as investors;

(d) Refugees and stateless persons, unless such application is provided for in the relevant national legislation of, or international instruments in force for, the State Party concerned;

(e) Students and trainees;

(f) Seafarers and workers on an offshore installation who have not been admitted to take up residence and engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment.

Article 4

For the purposes of the present Convention the term ''members of the family" refers to persons married to migrant workers or having with them a relationship that, according to applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage, as well as their dependent children and other dependent persons who are recognized as members of the family by applicable legislation or applicable bilateral or multilateral agreements between the States concerned.

Article 5

For the purposes of the present Convention, migrant workers and members of their families:

(a) Are considered as documented or in a regular situation if they are authorized to enter, to stay and to engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment pursuant to the law of that State and to international agreements to which that State is a party;

(b) Are considered as non-documented or in an irregular situation if they do not comply with the conditions provided for in subparagraph (a) of the present article.

Article 6

For the purposes of the present Convention:

(a) The term "State of origin" means the State of which the person concerned is a national;

(b) The term "State of employment" means a State where the migrant worker is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity, as the case may be;

(c) The term "State of transit,' means any State through which the person concerned passes on any journey to the State of employment or from the State of employment to the State of origin or the State of habitual residence.

 PART II : NON-DISCRIMINATION WITH RESPECT TO RIGHTS

Article 7

States Parties undertake, in accordance with the international instruments concerning human rights, to respect and to ensure to all migrant workers and members of their families within their territory or subject to their jurisdiction the rights provided for in the present Convention without distinction of any kind such as to sex, race, colour, language, religion or conviction, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, nationality, age, economic position, property, marital status, birth or other status.

PART III : HUMAN RIGHTS OF ALL MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

Article 8

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall be free to leave any State, including their State of origin. This right shall not be subject to any restrictions except those that are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present part of the Convention.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right at any time to enter and remain in their State of origin.

Article 9

The right to life of migrant workers and members of their families shall be protected by law.

Article 10

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Article 11

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be held in slavery or servitude.

2. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.

3. Paragraph 2 of the present article shall not be held to preclude, in States where imprisonment with hard labour may be imposed as a punishment for a crime, the performance of hard labour in pursuance of a sentence to such punishment by a competent court.

4. For the purpose of the present article the term "forced or compulsory labour" shall not include:

(a) Any work or service not referred to in paragraph 3 of the present article normally required of a person who is under detention in consequence of a lawful order of a court or of a person during conditional release from such detention;

(b) Any service exacted in cases of emergency or clamity threatening the life or well-being of the community;

(c) Any work or service that forms part of normal civil obligations so far as it is imposed also on citizens of the State concerned.

Article 12

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of their choice and freedom either individually or in community with others and in public or private to manifest their religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subject to coercion that would impair their freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of their choice.

3. Freedom to manifest one's religion or belief may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others.

4. States Parties to the present Convention undertake to have respect for the liberty of parents, at least one of whom is a migrant worker, and, when applicable, legal guardians to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions.

Article 13

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to hold opinions without interference.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art or through any other media of their choice.

3. The exercise of the right provided for in paragraph 2 of the present article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:

(a) For respect of the rights or reputation of others;

(b) For the protection of the national security of the States concerned or of public order (ordre public) or of public health or morals;

(c) For the purpose of preventing any propaganda for war;

(d) For the purpose of preventing any advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence.

Article 14

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home, correspondence or other communications, or to unlawful attacks on his or her honour and reputation. Each migrant worker and member of his or her family shall have the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

Article 15

No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be arbitrarily deprived of property, whether owned individually or in association with others. Where, under the legislation in force in the State of employment, the assets of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family are expropriated in whole or in part, the person concerned shall have the right to fair and adequate compensation.

Article 16

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to liberty and security of person.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall be entitled to effective protection by the State against violence, physical injury, threats and intimidation, whether by public officials or by private individuals, groups or institutions.

3. Any verification by law enforcement officials of the identity of migrant workers or members of their families shall be carried out in accordance with procedure established by law.

4. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subjected individually or collectively to arbitrary arrest or detention; they shall not be deprived o their liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with such procedures as are established by law.

5. Migrant workers and members of their families who are arrested shall be informed at the time of arrest as far as possible in a language they understand of the reasons for their arrest and they shall be promptly informed in a language they understand of any charges against them.

6. Migrant workers and members of their families who are arrested or detained on a criminal charge shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release. It shall not be the general rule that while awaiting trial they shall be detained in custody, but release may be subject to guarantees to appear for trial, at any other stage of the judicial proceedings and, should the occasion arise, for the execution of the judgement.

7. When a migrant worker or a member of his or her family is arrested or committed to prison or custody pending trial or is detained in any other manner:

(a) The consular or diplomatic authorities of his or her State of origin or of a State representing the interests of that State shall, if he or she so requests, be informed without delay of his or her arrest or detention and of the reasons therefor;

(b) The person concerned shall have the right to communicate with the said authorities. Any communication by the person concerned to the said authorities shall be forwarded without delay, and he or she shall also have the right to receive communications sent by the said authorities without delay;

(c) The person concerned shall be informed without delay of this right and of rights deriving from relevant treaties, if any, applicable between the States concerned, to correspond and to meet with representatives of the said authorities and to make arrangements with them for his or her legal representation.

8. Migrant workers and members of their families who are deprived of their liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings before a court, in order that that court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of their detention and order their release if the detention is not lawful. When they attend such proceedings, they shall have the assistance, if necessary without cost to them, of an interpreter, if they cannot understand or speak the language used.

9. Migrant workers and members of their families who have been victims of unlawful arrest or detention shall have an enforceable right to compensation.

Article 17

1. Migrant workers and members of their families who are deprived of their liberty shall be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person and for their cultural identity.

2. Accused migrant workers and members of their families shall, save in exceptional circumstances, be separated from convicted persons and shall be subject to separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons. Accused juvenile persons shall be separated from adults and brought as speedily as possible for adjudication.

3. Any migrant worker or member of his or her family who is detained in a State of transit or in a State of employment for violation of provisions relating to migration shall be held, in so far as practicable, separately from convicted persons or persons detained pending trial.

4. During any period of imprisonment in pursuance of a sentence imposed by a court of law, the essential aim of the treatment of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family shall be his or her reformation and social rehabilitation. Juvenile offenders shall be separated from adults and be accorded treatment appropriate to their age and legal status.

5. During detention or imprisonment, migrant workers and members of their families shall enjoy the same rights as nationals to visits by members of their families.

6. Whenever a migrant worker is deprived of his or her liberty, the competent authorities of the State concerned shall pay attention to the problems that may be posed for members of his or her family, in particular for spouses and minor children.

7. Migrant workers and members of their families who are subjected to any form of detention or imprisonment in accordance with the law in force in the State of employment or in the State of transit shall enjoy the same rights as nationals of those States who are in the same situation.

8. If a migrant worker or a member of his or her family is detained for the purpose of verifying any infraction of provisions related to migration, he or she shall not bear any costs arising therefrom.

Article 18

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to equality with nationals of the State concerned before the courts and tribunals. In the determination of any criminal charge against them or of their rights and obligations in a suit of law, they shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families who are charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.

3. In the determination of any criminal charge against them, migrant workers and members of their families shall be entitled to the following minimum guarantees:

(a) To be informed promptly and in detail in a language they understand of the nature and cause of the charge against them;

(b) To have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of their defence and to communicate with counsel of their own choosing;

(c) To be tried without undue delay;

(d) To be tried in their presence and to defend themselves in person or through legal assistance of their own choosing; to be informed, if they do not have legal assistance, of this right; and to have legal assistance assigned to them, in any case where the interests of justice so require and without payment by them in any such case if they do not have sufficient means to pay;

(e) To examine or have examined the witnesses against them and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on their behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against them;

(f) To have the free assistance of an interpreter if they cannot understand or speak the language used in court;

(g) Not to be compelled to testify against themselves or to confess guilt.

4. In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account of their age and the desirability of promoting their rehabilitation.

5. Migrant workers and members of their families convicted of a crime shall have the right to their conviction and sentence being reviewed by a higher tribunal according to law.

6. When a migrant worker or a member of his or her family has, by a final decision, been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his or her conviction has been reversed or he or she has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to that person.

7. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he or she has already been finally convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of the State concerned.

Article 19

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be held guilty of any criminal offence on account of any act or omission that did not constitute a criminal offence under national or international law at the time when the criminal offence was committed, nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time when it was committed. If, subsequent to the commission of the offence, provision is made by law for the imposition of a lighter penalty, he or she shall benefit thereby.

2. Humanitarian considerations related to the status of a migrant worker, in particular with respect to his or her right of residence or work, should be taken into account in imposing a sentence for a criminal offence committed by a migrant worker or a member of his or her family.

Article 20

1. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be imprisoned merely on the ground of failure to fulfil a contractual obligation.

2. No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be deprived of his or her authorization of residence or work permit or expelled merely on the ground of failure to fulfil an obligation arising out of a work contract unless fulfilment of that obligation constitutes a condition for such authorization or permit.

Article 21

It shall be unlawful for anyone, other than a public official duly authorized by law, to confiscate, destroy or attempt to destroy identity documents, documents authorizing entry to or stay, residence or establishment in the national territory or work permits. No authorized confiscation of such documents shall take place without delivery of a detailed receipt. In no case shall it be permitted to destroy the passport or equivalent document of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family.

Article 22

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall not be subject to measures of collective expulsion. Each case of expulsion shall be examined and decided individually.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families may be expelled from the territory of a State Party only in pursuance of a decision taken by the competent authority in accordance with law.

3. The decision shall be communicated to them in a language they understand. Upon their request where not otherwise mandatory, the decision shall be communicated to them in writing and, save in exceptional circumstances on account of national security, the reasons for the decision likewise stated. The persons concerned shall be informed of these rights before or at the latest at the time the decision is rendered.

4. Except where a final decision is pronounced by a judicial authority, the person concerned shall have the right to submit the reason he or she should not be expelled and to have his or her case reviewed by the competent authority, unless compelling reasons of national security require otherwise. Pending such review, the person concerned shall have the right to seek a stay of the decision of expulsion.

5. If a decision of expulsion that has already been executed is subsequently annulled, the person concerned shall have the right to seek compensation according to law and the earlier decision shall not be used to prevent him or her from re-entering the State concerned.

6. In case of expulsion, the person concerned shall have a reasonable opportunity before or after departure to settle any claims for wages and other entitlements due to him or her and any pending liabilities.

7. Without prejudice to the execution of a decision of expulsion, a migrant worker or a member of his or her family who is subject to such a decision may seek entry into a State other than his or her State of origin.

8. In case of expulsion of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family the costs of expulsion shall not be borne by him or her. The person concerned may be required to pay his or her own travel costs.

9. Expulsion from the State of employment shall not in itself prejudice any rights of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family acquired in accordance with the law of that State, including the right to receive wages and other entitlements due to him or her.

Article 23

Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to have recourse to the protection and assistance of the consular or diplomatic authorities of their State of origin or of a State representing the interests of that State whenever the rights recognized in the present Convention are impaired. In particular, in case of expulsion, the person concerned shall be informed of this right without delay and the authorities of the expelling State shall facilitate the exercise of such right.

Article 24

Every migrant worker and every member of his or her family shall have the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

Article 25

1. Migrant workers shall enjoy treatment not less favourable than that which applies to nationals of the State of employment in respect of remuneration and:

(a) Other conditions of work, that is to say, overtime, hours of work, weekly rest, holidays with pay, safety, health, termination of the employment relationship and any other conditions of work which, according to national law and practice, are covered by these terms;

(b) Other terms of employment, that is to say, minimum age of employment, restriction on home work and any other matters which, according to national law and practice, are considered a term of employment.

2. It shall not be lawful to derogate in private contracts of employment from the principle of equality of treatment referred to in paragraph 1 of the present article.

3. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that migrant workers are not deprived of any rights derived from this principle by reason of any irregularity in their stay or employment. In particular, employers shall not be relieved of any legal or contractual obligations, nor shall their obligations be limited in any manner by reason of such irregularity.

Article 26

1. States Parties recognize the right of migrant workers and members of their families:

(a) To take part in meetings and activities of trade unions and of any other associations established in accordance with law, with a view to protecting their economic, social, cultural and other interests, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned;

(b) To join freely any trade union and any such association as aforesaid, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned;

(c) To seek the aid and assistance of any trade union and of any such association as aforesaid.

2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of these rights other than those that are prescribed by law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public order (ordre public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

Article 27

1. With respect to social security, migrant workers and members of their families shall enjoy in the State of employment the same treatment granted to nationals in so far as they fulfil the requirements provided for by the applicable legislation of that State and the applicable bilateral and multilateral treaties. The competent authorities of the State of origin and the State of employment can at any time establish the necessary arrangements to determine the modalities of application of this norm.

2. Where the applicable legislation does not allow migrant workers and members of their families a benefit, the States concerned shall examine the possibility of reimbursing interested persons the amount of contributions made by them with respect to that benefit on the basis of the treatment granted to nationals who are in similar circumstances.

Article 28

Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to receive any medical care that is urgently required for the preservation of their life or the avoidance of irreparable harm to their health on the basis of equality of treatment with nationals of the State concerned. Such emergency medical care shall not be refused them by reason of any irregularity with regard to stay or employment.

Article 29

Each child of a migrant worker shall have the right to a name, to registration of birth and to a nationality.

Article 30

Each child of a migrant worker shall have the basic right of access to education on the basis of equality of treatment with nationals of the State concerned. Access to public pre-school educational institutions or schools shall not be refused or limited by reason of the irregular situation with respect to stay or employment of either parent or by reason of the irregularity of the child's stay in the State of employment.

Article 31

1. States Parties shall ensure respect for the cultural identity of migrant workers and members of their families and shall not prevent them from maintaining their cultural links with their State of origin.

2. States Parties may take appropriate measures to assist and encourage efforts in this respect.

Article 32

Upon the termination of their stay in the State of employment, migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to transfer their earnings and savings and, in accordance with the applicable legislation of the States concerned, their personal effects and belongings.

Article 33

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be informed by the State of origin, the State of employment or the State of transit as the case may be concerning:

(a) Their rights arising out of the present Convention;

(b) The conditions of their admission, their rights and obligations under the law and practice of the State concerned and such other matters as will enable them to comply with administrative or other formalities in that State.

2. States Parties shall take all measures they deem appropriate to disseminate the said information or to ensure that it is provided by employers, trade unions or other appropriate bodies or institutions. As appropriate, they shall co-operate with other States concerned.

3. Such adequate information shall be provided upon request to migrant workers and members of their families, free of charge, and, as far as possible, in a language they are able to understand.

Article 34

Nothing in the present part of the Convention shall have the effect of relieving migrant workers and the members of their families from either the obligation to comply with the laws and regulations of any State of transit and the State of employment or the obligation to respect the cultural identity of the inhabitants of such States.

Article 35

Nothing in the present part of the Convention shall be interpreted as implying the regularization of the situation of migrant workers or members of their families who are non-documented or in an irregular situation or any right to such regularization of their situation, nor shall it prejudice the measures intended to ensure sound and equitable-conditions for international migration as provided in part VI of the present Convention.

PART IV : OTHER RIGHTS OF MIGRANT WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES WHO ARE DOCUMENTED OR IN A REGULAR SITUATION

Article 36

Migrant workers and members of their families who are documented or in a regular situation in the State of employment shall enjoy the rights set forth in the present part of the Convention in addition to those set forth in part III.

Article 37

Before their departure, or at the latest at the time of their admission to the State of employment, migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be fully informed by the State of origin or the State of employment, as appropriate, of all conditions applicable to their admission and particularly those concerning their stay and the remunerated activities in which they may engage as well as of the requirements they must satisfy in the State of employment and the authority to which they must address themselves for any modification of those conditions.

Article 38

1. States of employment shall make every effort to authorize migrant workers and members of the families to be temporarily absent without effect upon their authorization to stay or to work, as the case may be. In doing so, States of employment shall take into account the special needs and obligations of migrant workers and members of their families, in particular in their States of origin.

2. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to be fully informed of the terms on which such temporary absences are authorized.

Article 39

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to liberty of movement in the territory of the State of employment and freedom to choose their residence there.

2. The rights mentioned in paragraph 1 of the present article shall not be subject to any restrictions except those that are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals, or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Convention.

Article 40

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to form associations and trade unions in the State of employment for the promotion and protection of their economic, social, cultural and other interests.

2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those that are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public order (ordre public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

Article 41

1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to participate in public affairs of their State of origin and to vote and to be elected at elections of that State, in accordance with its legislation.

2. The States concerned shall, as appropriate and in accordance with their legislation, facilitate the exercise of these rights.

Article 42

1. States Parties shall consider the establishment of procedures or institutions through which account may be taken, both in States of origin and in States of employment, of special needs, aspirations and obligations of migrant workers and members of their families and shall envisage, as appropriate, the possibility for migrant workers and members of their families to have their freely chosen representatives in those institutions.

2. States of employment shall facilitate, in accordance with their national legislation, the consultation or participation of migrant workers and members of their families in decisions concerning the life and administration of local communities.

3. Migrant workers may enjoy political rights in the State of employment if that State, in the exercise of its sovereignty, grants them such rights.

Article 43

1. Migrant workers shall enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in relation to:

(a) Access to educational institutions and services subject to the admission requirements and other regulations of the institutions and services concerned;

(b) Access to vocational guidance and placement services;

(c) Access to vocational training and retraining facilities and institutions;

(d) Access to housing, including social housing schemes, and protection against exploitation in respect of rents;

(e) Access to social and health services, provided that the requirements for participation in the respective schemes are met;

(f) Access to co-operatives and self-managed enterprises, which shall not imply a change of their migration status and shall be subject to the rules and regulations of the bodies concerned;

(g) Access to and participation in cultural life.

2. States Parties shall promote conditions to ensure effective equality of treatment to enable migrant workers to enjoy the rights mentioned in paragraph 1 of the present article whenever the terms of their stay, as authorized by the State of employment, meet the appropriate requirements.

3. States of employment shall not prevent an employer of migrant workers from establishing housing or social or cultural facilities for them. Subject to article 70 of the present Convention, a State of employment may make the establishment of such facilities subject to the requirements generally applied in that State concerning their installation.

Article 44

1. States Parties, recognizing that the family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State, shall take appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the unity of the families of migrant workers.

2. States Parties shall take measures that they deem appropriate and that fall within their competence to facilitate the reunification of migrant workers with their spouses or persons who have with the migrant worker a relationship that, according to applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage, as well as with their minor dependent unmarried children.

3. States of employment, on humanitarian grounds, shall favourably consider granting equal treatment, as set forth in paragraph 2 of the present article, to other family members of migrant workers.

Article 45

1. Members of the families of migrant workers shall, in the State of employment, enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of that State in relation to:

(a) Access to educational institutions and services, subject to the admission requirements and other regulations of the institutions and services concerned;

(b) Access to vocational guidance and training institutions and services, provided that requirements for participation are met;

(c) Access to social and health services, provided that requirements for participation in the respective schemes are met;

(d) Access to and participation in cultural life.

2. States of employment shall pursue a policy, where appropriate in collaboration with the States of origin, aimed at facilitating the integration of children of migrant workers in the local school system, particularly in respect of teaching them the local language.

3. States of employment shall endeavour to facilitate for the children of migrant workers the teaching of their mother tongue and culture and, in this regard, States of origin shall collaborate whenever appropriate.

4. States of employment may provide special schemes of education in the mother tongue of children of migrant workers, if necessary in collaboration with the States of origin.

Article 46

Migrant workers and members of their families shall, subject to the applicable legislation of the States concerned, as well as relevant international agreements and the obligations of the States concerned arising out of their participation in customs unions, enjoy exemption from import and export duties and taxes in respect of their personal and household effects as well as the equipment necessary to engage in the remunerated activity for which they were admitted to the State of employment:

(a) Upon departure from the State of origin or State of habitual residence;

(b) Upon initial admission to the State of employment;

(c) Upon final departure from the State of employment;

(d) Upon final return to the State of origin or State of habitual residence.

Article 47

1. Migrant workers shall have the right to transfer their earnings and savings, in particular those funds necessary for the support of their families, from the State of employment to their State of origin or any other State. Such transfers shall be made in conformity with procedures established by applicable legislation of the State concerned and in conformity with applicable international agreements.

2. States concerned shall take appropriate measures to facilitate such transfers.

Article 48

1. Without prejudice to applicable double taxation agreements, migrant workers and members of their families shall, in the matter of earnings in the State of employment:

(a) Not be liable to taxes, duties or charges of any description higher or more onerous than those imposed on nationals in similar circumstances;

(b) Be entitled to deductions or exemptions from taxes of any description and to any tax allowances applicable to nationals in similar circumstances, including tax allowances for dependent members of their families.

2. States Parties shall endeavour to adopt appropriate measures to avoid double taxation of the earnings and savings of migrant workers and members of their families.

Article 49

1. Where separate authorizations to reside and to engage in employment are required by national legislation, the States of employment shall issue to migrant workers authorization of residence for at least the same period of time as their authorization to engage in remunerated activity.

2. Migrant workers who in the State of employment are allowed freely to choose their remunerated activity shall neither be regarded as in an irregular situation nor shall they lose their authorization of residence by the mere fact of the termination of their remunerated activity prior to the expiration of their work permits or similar authorizations.

3. In order to allow migrant workers referred to in paragraph 2 of the present article sufficient time to find alternative remunerated activities, the authorization of residence shall not be withdrawn at least for a period corresponding to that during which they may be entitled to unemployment benefits.

Article 50

1. In the case of death of a migrant worker or dissolution of marriage, the State of employment shall favourably consider granting family members of that migrant worker residing in that State on the basis of family reunion an authorization to stay; the State of employment shall take into account the length of time they have already resided in that State.

2. Members of the family to whom such authorization is not granted shall be allowed before departure a reasonable period of time in order to enable them to settle their affairs in the State of employment.

3. The provisions of paragraphs I and 2 of the present article may not be interpreted as adversely affecting any right to stay and work otherwise granted to such family members by the legislation of the State of employment or by bilateral and multilateral treaties applicable to that State.

Article 51

Migrant workers who in the State of employment are not permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity shall neither be regarded as in an irregular situation nor shall they lose their authorization of residence by the mere fact of the termination of their remunerated activity prior to the expiration of their work permit, except where the authorization of residence is expressly dependent upon the specific remunerated activity for which they were admitted. Such migrant workers shall have the right to seek alternative employment, participation in public work schemes and retraining during the remaining period of their authorization to work, subject to such conditions and limitations as are specified in the authorization to work.

Article 52

1. Migrant workers in the State of employment shall have the right freely to choose their remunerated activity, subject to the following restrictions or conditions.

2. For any migrant worker a State of employment may:

(a) Restrict access to limited categories of employment, functions, services or activities where this is necessary in the interests of this State and provided for by national legislation;

(b) Restrict free choice of remunerated activity in accordance with its legislation concerning recognition of occupational qualifications acquired outside its territory. However, States Parties concerned shall endeavour to provide for recognition of such qualifications.

3. For migrant workers whose permission to work is limited in time, a State of employment may also:

(a) Make the right freely to choose their remunerated activities subject to the condition that the migrant worker has resided lawfully in its territory for the purpose of remunerated activity for a period of time prescribed in its national legislation that should not exceed two years;

(b) Limit access by a migrant worker to remunerated activities in pursuance of a policy of granting priority to its nationals or to persons who are assimilated to them for these purposes by virtue of legislation or bilateral or multilateral agreements. Any such limitation shall cease to apply to a migrant worker who has resided lawfully in its territory for the purpose of remunerated activity for a period of time prescribed in its national legislation that should not exceed five years.

4. States of employment shall prescribe the conditions under which a migrant worker who has been admitted to take up employment may be authorized to engage in work on his or her own account. Account shall be taken of the period during which the worker has already been lawfully in the State of employment.

Article 53

1. Members of a migrant worker's family who have themselves an authorization of residence or admission that is without limit of time or is automatically renewable shall be permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity under the same conditions as are applicable to the said migrant worker in accordance with article 52 of the present Convention.

2. With respect to members of a migrant worker's family who are not permitted freely to choose their remunerated activity, States Parties shall consider favourably granting them priority in obtaining permission to engage in a remunerated activity over other workers who seek admission to the State of employment, subject to applicable bilateral and multilateral agreements.

Article 54

1. Without prejudice to the terms of their authorization of residence or their permission to work and the rights provided for in articles 25 and 27 of the present Convention, migrant workers shall enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in respect of:

(a) Protection against dismissal;

(b) Unemployment benefits;

(c) Access to public work schemes intended to combat unemployment;

(d) Access to alternative employment in the event of loss of work or termination of other remunerated activity, subject to article 52 of the present Convention.

2. If a migrant worker claims that the terms of his or her work contract have been violated by his or her employer, he or she shall have the right to address his or her case to the competent authorities of the State of employment, on terms provided for in article 18, paragraph 1, of the present Convention.

Article 55

Migrant workers who have been granted permission to engage in a remunerated activity, subject to the conditions attached to such permission, shall be entitled to equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in the exercise of that remunerated activity.

Article 56

1. Migrant workers and members of their families referred to in the present part of the Convention may not be expelled from a State of employment, except for reasons defined in the national legislation of that State, and subject to the safeguards established in part III.

2. Expulsion shall not be resorted to for the purpose of depriving a migrant worker or a member of his or her family of the rights arising out of the authorization of residence and the work permit.

3. In considering whether to expel a migrant worker or a member of his or her family, account should be taken of humanitarian considerations and of the length of time that the person concerned has already resided in the State of employment.

PART V : PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICULAR CATEGORIES OF MIGRANT WORKERS AND OF THEIR FAMILIES

Article 57

The particular categories of migrant workers and members of their families specified in the present part of the Convention who are documented or in a regular situation shall enjoy the rights set forth in part m and, except as modified below, the rights set forth in part IV.

Article 58

1. Frontier workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (a), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be applied to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment, taking into account that they do not have their habitual residence in that State.

2. States of employment shall consider favourably granting frontier workers the right freely to choose their remunerated activity after a specified period of time. The granting of that right shall not affect their status as frontier workers.

Article 59

1. Seasonal workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (b), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be applied to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment and that are compatible with their status in that State as seasonal workers, taking into account the fact that they are present in that State for only part of the year.

2. The State of employment shall, subject to paragraph 1 of the present article, consider granting seasonal workers who have been employed in its territory for a significant period of time the possibility of taking up other remunerated activities and giving them priority over other workers who seek admission to that State, subject to applicable bilateral and multilateral agreements.

Article 60

Itinerant workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (A), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV that can be granted to them by reason of their presence and work in the territory of the State of employment and that are compatible with their status as itinerant workers in that State.

Article 61

1. Project-tied workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (of the present Convention, and members of their families shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV except the provisions of article 43, paragraphs I (b) and (c), article 43, paragraph I (d), as it pertains to social housing schemes, article 45, paragraph I (b), and articles 52 to 55.

2. If a project-tied worker claims that the terms of his or her work contract have been violated by his or her employer, he or she shall have the right to address his or her case to the competent authorities of the State which has jurisdiction over that employer, on terms provided for in article 18, paragraph 1, of the present Convention.

3. Subject to bilateral or multilateral agreements in force for them, the States Parties concerned shall endeavour to enable project-tied workers to remain adequately protected by the social security systems of their States of origin or habitual residence during their engagement in the project. States Parties concerned shall take appropriate measures with the aim of avoiding any denial of rights or duplication of payments in this respect.

4. Without prejudice to the provisions of article 47 of the present Convention and to relevant bilateral or multilateral agreements, States Parties concerned shall permit payment of the earnings of project-tied workers in their State of origin or habitual residence.

Article 62

1. Specified-employment workers as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (g), of the present Convention, shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV, except the provisions of article 43, paragraphs I (b) and (c), article 43, paragraph I (d), as it pertains to social housing schemes, article 52, and article 54, paragraph 1 (d).

2. Members of the families of specified-employment workers shall be entitled to the rights relating to family members of migrant workers provided for in part IV of the present Convention, except the provisions of article 53.

Article 63

1. Self-employed workers, as defined in article 2, paragraph 2 (h), of the pre sent Convent ion , shall be entitled to the rights provided for in part IV with the exception of those rights which are exclusively applicable to workers having a contract of employment.

2. Without prejudice to articles 52 and 79 of the present Convention, the termination of the economic activity of the self-employed workers shall not in itself imply the withdrawal of the authorization for them or for the members of their families to stay or to engage in a remunerated activity in the State of employment except where the authorization of residence is expressly dependent upon the specific remunerated activity for which they were admitted.

PART VI : PROMOTION OF SOUND, EQUITABLE, HUMANE AND LAWFUL CONDITIONS CONNECTION WITH INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF WORKERS AND MEMBERS OF THEIR FAMILIES

Article 64

1. Without prejudice to article 79 of the present Convention, the States Parties concerned shall as appropriate consult and co-operate with a view to promoting sound, equitable and humane conditions in connection with international migration of workers and members of their families.

2. In this respect, due regard shall be paid not only to labour needs and resources, but also to the social, economic, cultural and other needs of migrant workers and members of their families involved, as well as to the consequences of such migration for the communities concerned.

Article 65

1. States Parties shall maintain appropriate services to deal with questions concerning international migration of workers and members of their families. Their functions shall include, inter alia:

(a) The formulation and implementation of policies regarding such migration;

(b) An exchange of information. consultation and co-operation with the competent authorities of other States Parties involved in such migration;

(c) The provision of appropriate information, particularly to employers, workers and their organizations on policies, laws and regulations relating to migration and employment, on agreements concluded with other States concerning migration and on other relevant matters;

(d) The provision of information and appropriate assistance to migrant workers and members of their families regarding requisite authorizations and formalities and arrangements for departure, travel, arrival, stay, remunerated activities, exit and return, as well as on conditions of work and life in the State of employment and on customs, currency, tax and other relevant laws and regulations.

2. States Parties shall facilitate as appropriate the provision of adequate consular and other services that are necessary to meet the social, cultural and other needs of migrant workers and members of their families.

Article 66

1. Subject to paragraph 2 of the present article, the right to undertake operations with a view to the recruitment of workers for employment in another State shall be restricted to:

(a) Public services or bodies of the State in which such operations take place;

(b) Public services or bodies of the State of employment on the basis of agreement between the States concerned;

(c) A body established by virtue of a bilateral or multilateral agreement. 2. Subject to any authorization, approval and supervision by the public authorities of the States Parties concerned as may be established pursuant to the legislation and practice of those States, agencies, prospective employers or persons acting on their behalf may also be permitted to undertake the said operations.

Article 67

1. States Parties concerned shall co-operate as appropriate in the adoption of measures regarding the orderly return of migrant workers and members of their families to the State of origin when they decide to return or their authorization of residence or employment expires or when they are in the State of employment in an irregular situation.

2. Concerning migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation, States Parties concerned shall co-operate as appropriate, on terms agreed upon by those States, with a view to promoting adequate economic conditions for their resettlement and to facilitating their durable social and cultural reintegration in the State of origin.

Article 68

1. States Parties, including States of transit, shall collaborate with a view to preventing and eliminating illegal or clandestine movements and employment of migrant workers in an irregular situation. The measures to be taken to this end within the jurisdiction of each State concerned shall include:

(a) Appropriate measures against the dissemination of misleading information relating to emigration and immigration;

(b) Measures to detect and eradicate illegal or clandestine movements of migrant workers and members of their families and to impose effective sanctions on persons, groups or entities which organize, operate or assist in organizing or operating such movements;

(c) Measures to impose effective sanctions on persons, groups or entities which use violence, threats or intimidation against migrant workers or members of their families in an irregular situation.

2. States of employment shall take all adequate and effective measures to eliminate employment in their territory of migrant workers in an irregular situation, including, whenever appropriate, sanctions on employers of such workers. The rights of migrant workers vis-a-vis their employer arising from employment shall not be impaired by these measures.

Article 69

1. States Parties shall, when there are migrant workers and members of their families within their territory in an irregular situation, take appropriate measures to ensure that such a situation does not persist.

2. Whenever States Parties concerned consider the possibility of regularizing the situation of such persons in accordance with applicable national legislation and bilateral or multilateral agreements, appropriate account shall be taken of the circumstances of their entry, the duration of their stay in the States of employment and other relevant considerations, in particular those relating to their family situation.

Article 70

States Parties shall take measures not less favourable than those applied to nationals to ensure that working and living conditions of migrant workers and members of their families in a regular situation are in keeping with the standards of fitness, safety, health and principles of human dignity.

Article 71

1. States Parties shall facilitate, whenever necessary, the repatriation to the State of origin of the bodies of deceased migrant workers or members of their families.

2. As regards compensation matters relating to the death of a migrant worker or a member of his or her family, States Parties shall, as appropriate, provide assistance to the persons concerned with a view to the prompt settlement of such matters. Settlement of these matters shall be carried out on the basis of applicable national law in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention and any relevant bilateral or multilateral agreements.

PART VII : APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION

Article 72

1. (a) For the purpose of reviewing the application of the present Convention, there shall be established a Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (hereinafter referred to as ''the Committee");

(b) The Committee shall consist, at the time of entry into force of the present Convention, of ten and, after the entry into force of the Convention for the forty-first State Party, of fourteen experts of high moral standing, impartiality and recognized competence in the field covered by the Convention.

2. (a) Members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot by the States Parties from a list of persons nominated by the States Parties, due consideration being given to equitable geographical distribution, including both States of origin and States of employment, and to the representation of the principal legal system. Each State Party may nominate one person from among its own nationals;

(b) Members shall be elected and shall serve in their personal capacity.

3. The initial election shall be held no later than six months after the date of the entry into force of the present Convention and subsequent elections every second year. At least four months before the date of each election, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall address a letter to all States Parties inviting them to submit their nominations within two months. The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all persons thus nominated, indicating the States Parties that have nominated them, and shall submit it to the States Parties not later than one month before the date of the corresponding election, together with the curricula vitae of the persons thus nominated.

4. Elections of members of the Committee shall be held at a meeting of States Parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters. At that meeting, for which two thirds of the States Parties shall constitute a quorum, the persons elected to the Committee shall be those nominees who obtain the largest number of votes and an absolute majority of the votes of the States Parties present and voting.

5. (a) The members of the Committee shall serve for a term of four years. However, the terms of five of the members elected in the first election shall expire at the end of two years; immediately after the first election, the names of these five members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the meeting of States Parties;

(b) The election of the four additional members of the Committee shall be held in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of the present article, following the entry into force of the Convention for the forty-first State Party. The term of two of the additional members elected on this occasion shall expire at the end of two years; the names of these members shall be chosen by lot by the Chairman of the meeting of States Parties;

(c) The members of the Committee shall be eligible for re-election if renominated.

6. If a member of the Committee dies or resigns or declares that for any other cause he or she can no longer perform the duties of the Committee, the State Party that nominated the expert shall appoint another expert from among its own nationals for the remaining part of the term. The new appointment is subject to the approval of the Committee.

7. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the necessary staff and facilities for the effective performance of the functions of the Committee.

8. The members of the Committee shall receive emoluments from United Nations resources on such terms and conditions as the General Assembly may decide.

9. The members of the Committee shall be entitled to the facilities, privileges and immunities of experts on mission for the United Nations as laid down in the relevant sections of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations.

Article 73

1. States Parties undertake to submit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for consideration by the Committee a report on the legislative, judicial, administrative and other measures they have taken to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention:

(a) Within one year after the entry into force of the Convention for the State Party concerned;

(b) Thereafter every five years and whenever the Committee so requests.

2. Reports prepared under the present article shall also indicate factors and difficulties, if any, affecting the implementation of the Convention and shall include information on the characteristics of migration flows in which the State Party concerned is involved.

3. The Committee shall decide any further guidelines applicable to the content of the reports.

4. States Parties shall make their reports widely available to the public in their own countries.

Article 74

1. The Committee shall examine the reports submitted by each State Party and shall transmit such comments as it may consider appropriate to the State Party concerned. This State Party may submit to the Committee observations on any comment made by the Committee in accordance with the present article. The Committee may request supplementary information from States Parties when considering these reports.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall, in due time before the opening of each regular session of the Committee, transmit to the Director-General of the International Labour Office copies of the reports submitted by States Parties concerned and information relevant to the consideration of these reports, in order to enable the Office to assist the Committee with the expertise the Office may provide regarding those matters dealt with by the present Convention that fall within the sphere of competence of the International Labour Organisation. The Committee shall consider in its deliberations such comments and materials as the Office may provide.

3. The Secretary-General of the United Nations may also, after consultation with the Committee, transmit to other specialized agencies as well as to intergovernmental organizations, copies of such parts of these reports as may fall within their competence.

4. The Committee may invite the specialized agencies and organs of the United Nations, as well as intergovernmental organizations and other concerned bodies to submit, for consideration by the Committee, written information on such matters dealt with in the present Convention as fall within the scope of their activities.

5. The International Labour Office shall be invited by the Committee to appoint representatives to participate, in a consultative capacity, in the meetings of the Committee.

6. The Committee may invite representatives of other specialized agencies and organs of the United Nations, as well as of intergovernmental organizations, to be present and to be heard in its meetings whenever matters falling within their field of competence are considered.

7. The Committee shall present an annual report to the General Assembly of the United Nations on the implementation of the present Convention, containing its own considerations and recommendations, based, in particular, on the examination of the reports and any observations presented by States Parties.

8. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit the annual reports of the Committee to the States Parties to the present Convention, the Economic and Social Council, the Commission on Human Rights of the United Nations, the Director-General of the International Labour Office and other relevant organizations.

Article 75

1. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure.

2. The Committee shall elect its officers for a term of two years.

3. The Committee shall normally meet annually.

4. The meetings of the Committee shall normally be held at United Nations Headquarters.

Article 76

1. A State Party to the present Convention may at any time declare under this article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications to the effect that a State Party claims that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under the present Convention. Communications under this article may be received and considered only if submitted by a State Party that has made a declaration recognizing in regard to itself the competence of the Committee. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party which has not made such a declaration. Communications received under this article shall be dealt with in accordance with the following procedure:

(a) If a State Party to the present Convention considers that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under the present Convention, it may, by written communication, bring the matter to the attention of that State Party. The State Party may also inform the Committee of the matter. Within three months after the receipt of the communication the receiving State shall afford the State that sent the communication an explanation, or any other statement in writing clarifying the matter which should include, to the extent possible and pertinent, reference to domestic procedures and remedies taken, pending or available in the matter;

(b) If the matter is not adjusted to the satisfaction of both States Parties concerned within six months after the receipt by the receiving State of the initial communication, either State shall have the right to refer the matter to the Committee, by notice given to the Committee and to the other State;

(c) The Committee shall deal with a matter referred to it only after it has ascertained that all available domestic remedies have been invoked and exhausted in the matter, in conformity with the generally recognized principles of international law. This shall not be the rule where, in the view of the Committee, the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged;

(d) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (c) of the present paragraph, the Committee shall make available its good offices to the States Parties concerned with a view to a friendly solution of the matter on the basis of the respect for the obligations set forth in the present Convention;

(e) The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under the present article;

(f) In any matter referred to it in accordance with subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, the Committee may call upon the States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b), to supply any relevant information;

(g) The States Parties concerned, referred to in subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, shall have the right to be represented when the matter is being considered by the Committee and to make submissions orally and/or in writing;

(h) The Committee shall, within twelve months after the date of receipt of notice under subparagraph (b) of the present paragraph, submit a report, as follows:

(i) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (d) of the present paragraph is reached, the Committee shall confine its report to a brief statement of the facts and of the solution reached;

(ii) If a solution within the terms of subparagraph (d) is not reached, the Committee shall, in its report, set forth the relevant facts concerning the issue between the States Parties concerned. The written submissions and record of the oral submissions made by the States Parties concerned shall be attached to the report. The Committee may also communicate only to the States Parties concerned any views that it may consider relevant to the issue between them. In every matter, the report shall be communicated to the States Parties concerned.

2. The provisions of the present article shall come into force when ten States Parties to the present Convention have made a declaration under paragraph I of the present article. Such declarations shall be deposited by the States Parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter that is the subject of a communication already transmitted under the present article; no further communication by any State Party shall be received under the present article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State Party concerned has made a new declaration.

Article 77

1. A State Party to the present Convention may at any time declare under the present article that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from or on behalf of individuals subject to its jurisdiction who claim that their individual rights as established by the present Convention have been violated by that State Party. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State Party that has not made such a declaration.

2. The Committee shall consider inadmissible any communication under the present article which is anonymous or which it considers to be an abuse of the right of submission of such communications or to be incompatible with the provisions of the present Convention.

3. The Committee shall not consider any communication from an individual under the present article unless it has ascertained that:

(a) The same matter has not been, and is not being, examined under another procedure of international investigation or settlement;

(b) The individual has exhausted all available domestic remedies; this shall not be the rule where, in the view of the Committee, the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged or is unlikely to bring effective relief to that individual.

4. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of the present article, the Committee shall bring any communications submitted to it under this article to the attention of the State Party to the present Convention that has made a declaration under paragraph 1 and is alleged to be violating any provisions of the Convention. Within six months, the receiving State shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that may have been taken by that State.

5. The Committee shall consider communications received under the present article in the light of all information made available to it by or on behalf of the individual and by the State Party concerned.

6. The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications under the present article.

7. The Committee shall forward its views to the State Party concerned and to the individual.

8. The provisions of the present article shall come into force when ten States Parties to the present Convention have made declarations under paragraph 1 of the present article. Such declarations shall be deposited by the States Parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter that is the subject of a communication already transmitted under the present article; no further communication by or on behalf of an individual shall be received under the present article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State Party has made a new declaration.

Article 78

The provisions of article 76 of the present Convention shall be applied without prejudice to any procedures for settling disputes or complaints in the field covered by the present Convention laid down in the constituent instruments of, or in conventions adopted by, the United Nations and the specialized agencies and shall not prevent the States Parties from having recourse to any procedures for settling a dispute in accordance with international agreements in force between them.

PART VIII : GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 79

Nothing in the present Convention shall affect the right of each State Party to establish the criteria governing admission of migrant workers and members of their families. Concerning other matters related to their legal situation and treatment as migrant workers and members of their families, States Parties shall be subject to the limitations set forth in the present Convention.

Article 80

Nothing in the present Convention shall be interpreted as impairing the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and of the constitutions of the specialized agencies which define the respective responsibilities of the various organs of the United Nations and of the specialized agencies in regard to the matters dealt with in the present Convention.

Article 81

1. Nothing in the present Convention shall affect more favourable rights or freedoms granted to migrant workers and members of their families by virtue of:

(a) The law or practice of a State Party; or

(b) Any bilateral or multilateral treaty in force for the State Party concerned.

2. Nothing in the present Convention may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act that would impair any of the rights and freedoms as set forth in the present Convention.

Article 82

The rights of migrant workers and members of their families provided for in the present Convention may not be renounced. It shall not be permissible to exert any form of pressure upon migrant workers and members of their families with a view to their relinquishing or foregoing any of the said rights. It shall not be possible to derogate by contract from rights recognized in the present Convention. States Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that these principles are respected.

Article 83

Each State Party to the present Convention undertakes:

(a) To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity;

(b) To ensure that any persons seeking such a remedy shall have his or her claim reviewed and decided by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by the legal system of the State, and to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy;

(c) To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted.

Article 84

Each State Party undertakes to adopt the legislative and other measures that are necessary to implement the provisions of the present Convention.

PART IX : FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 85

The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated as the depositary of the present Convention.

Article 86

1. The present Convention shall be open for signature by all States. It is subject to ratification.

2. The present Convention shall be open to accession by any State.

3. Instruments of ratification or accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article 87

1. The present Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following a period of three months after the date of the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

2. For each State ratifying or acceding to the present Convention after its entry into force, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following a period of three months after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession.

Article 88

A State ratifying or acceding to the present Convention may not exclude the application of any Part of it, or, without prejudice to article 3, exclude any particular category of migrant workers from its application.

Article 89

1. Any State Party may denounce the present Convention, not earlier than five years after the Convention has entered into force for the State concerned, by means of a notification writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

2. Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of twelve months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

3. Such a denunciation shall not have the effect of releasing the State Party from its obligations under the present Convention in regard to any act or omission whi ch occurs prior to the date at which the denunciation becomes effective, nor shall denunciation prejudice in any way the continued consideration of any matter which is already under consideration by the Committee prior to the date at which the denunciation becomes effective.

4. Following the date at which the denunciation of a State Party becomes effective, the Committee shall not commence consideration of any new matter regarding that State.

Article 90

1. After five years from the entry into force of the Convention a request for the revision of the Convention may be made at any time by any State Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General shall thereupon communicate any proposed amendments to the States Parties with a request that they notify him whether the favour a conference of States Parties for the purpose of considering and voting upon the proposals. In the event that within four months from the date of such communication at least one third of the States Parties favours such a conference, the Secretary-General shall convene the conference under the auspices of the United Nations. Any amendment adopted by a majority of the States Parties present and voting shall be submitted to the General Assembly for approval.

2. Amendments shall come into force when they have been approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations and accepted by a two-thirds majority of the States Parties in accordance with their respective constitutional processes.

3. When amendments come into force, they shall be binding on those States Parties that have accepted them, other States Parties still being bound by the provisions of the present Convention and any earlier amendment that they have accepted.

Article 91

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive and circulate to all States the text of reservations made by States at the time of signature, ratification or accession.

2. A reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the present Convention shall not be permitted.

3. Reservations may be withdrawn at any time by notification to this effect addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall then inform all States thereof. Such notification shall take effect on the date on which it is received.

Article 92

1. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the present Convention that is not settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration. If within six months from the date of the request for arbitration the Parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those Parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by request in conformity with the Statute of the Court.

2. Each State Party may at the time of signature or ratification of the present Convention or accession thereto declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 1 of the present article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by that paragraph with respect to any State Party that has made such a declaration.

3. Any State Party that has made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 2 of the present article may at any time withdraw that declaration by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article 93

1. The present Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit certified copies of the present Convention to all States.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed the present Convention.