A CONCISE ANGLOSAXON DICTIONARY

By JOHN R. CLARK HALL PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

The first edition of this dictionary having been exhausted, it has been extensively revised, and certain new features and alterations have been introduced into it.

1. The principle of arranging all words according to their actual spelling has been to a considerable extent abandoned. It was admittedly an unscientific one, and opened the door to a good many errors and inconsistencies. The head form in this edition may be either a normalised form or one which actually occurs.

2. Words beginning with "ge-" have been distributed among the letters of the alphabet which follow that prefix, and the sign + has been employed instead of "ge-" in order to make the break in alphabetical continuity as little apparent to the eye as possible. The sign ± has been used where a word occurs both with and without the prefix.

3. References to Cook’s translation of Sievers’ "Anglo-Saxon Grammar", and to the Grammatical Introduction to Sweet’s "Reader" have been taken out, as Wright’s or Wyatt’s "Old English Grammar" will have taken their place with most English students.

4. A new feature which, it is hoped, will prove widely useful, is the introduction of references to all, or nearly all, the headings in the "New English Dictionary" under which quotations from Anglo-Saxon texts are to be found. A vast mass of valuable information as to the etymology, meaning and occurrence of Old English words is contained in that Dictionary, but is to a very large extent overlooked because it is to be found under the head of words which are now obsolete, so that unless one happens to know what was the last form which they had in Middle English, one does not know how to get at it. This information will be made readily available by the references in the present work, which will form a practically complete index to the Anglo-Saxon material in the larger dictionary and will at the same time put the student on the track of interesting Middle English examples of the use of Old English words. Besides directing the reader (by means of quotation marks) to the heading in the "New English Dictionary" where the relevant matter may be found, an indication has been given of the texts from which quotations are made therein, when these do not exceed four or five[1].

[Footnote 1: As regards the letter W and some small parts of other letters which have not yet appeared in the "NED", a reference has been given to its abridgement ("The Concise Oxford Dictionary").]

5. There have been many valuable contributions to Anglo-Saxon lexicography (by Napier, Swaen, Schlütter, Förster, Wülfing and others) since the first edition of this Dictionary appeared, and these have been made use of, but (as before) unglossaried matter has not been systematically searched for words not hitherto recorded in Anglo-Saxon Dictionaries[2].

[Footnote 2: The part of the Supplement to ‘Bosworth-Toller’ which has already appeared shows that Professor Toller is examining such matter with great care and thoroughness.]

6. The number of references to passages has been very largely increased. All words occurring only in poetical texts have been marked. If they occur more than once they bear the sign †, if only once, a reference to the passage is generally given. If not they are marked ‡. As regards prose texts, the rule has been only to give references to particular passages in the case of rare words,--more especially ?pa? ?e??µe?a. The references to AO, CP and Æ which were given in the earlier edition have been retained, as a useful indication that the word occurs in Early West Saxon or Late West Saxon prose, as the case may be.

7. By various devices it has been found possible, while much increasing the amount of matter in the book, to add very slightly to the number of pages, and at the same time to reduce the number of columns on a page from three to two. Most of these devices are more or less mechanical, but one method of saving space may be mentioned. Certain compound words, descriptive of places, which, as far as I know, occur only in charters and which may often be more correctly regarded as proper nouns, have not been separately inserted. Their meaning can however always be ascertained by referring to their components, and where the abbreviation Mdf is inserted the reader will understand that examples of words so compounded, or of the components, or of both, will be found in Birch’s "Cartularium Saxonicum", or in Earle’s "Land Charters", and that references to those examples are given in Middendorff’s "Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch".

8. In the List of Abbreviations, etc. at the commencement of the book, editions of texts which are furnished with a glossary have been specially indicated.

J. R. C. H.

"January", 1916.

LIST OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS WITH THEIR EXPLANATION

"Note" 1. Where references are in "italic type", quotations from the texts indicated will be found in the "New English Dictionary", under the head of the English word which is distinguished in the article by quotation marks (see Preface). In references to special passages volumes have been marked off from pages by an inverted full stop, and lines or verses have been shown, "where they follow other numerals", by small superior figures. Occasionally where lines have not been given, the mark ´ has been inserted to show that the quotation is in the lower half of a page.

"Note" 2. In the following list the number (1) after an edition of a text indicates that the edition is supplied with a complete referenced glossary or word-index, (2) that it has a complete glossary, but without references and (3) that it has a partial glossary or word-index.

"Note" 3. Some of the abbreviations given below are used in combination. Examples: MtLR = the Lindisfarne and Rushworth MSS of St Matthew; BJPs = the Bosworth and the Junius Psalters; asf. = accusative singular feminine. EK = Early Kentish.

‘ ’ Quotation marks are used to enclose the English words which should be looked up in the "NED" in order to find etymological information as to, and examples of the use of, the Anglo-Saxon words to which the articles in this Dictionary relate, see Note 1 above. If they enclose Latin words, they indicate the lemmata of Anglo-Saxon words in glosses or glossaries etc., or the Latin equivalent of such words in the Latin texts from which they are translated. The Latin is especially so given when the Ags. word seems to be merely a blindly mechanical and literal equivalent.

* is prefixed or affixed to hypothetical forms. Normalised forms of Ags. words which actually exist are not usually so marked.

´ See Note 1 above.

+ = ge-.

± indicates that the Ags. word to which it is prefixed is found both with and without the prefix ge-.

† = occurs in poetical texts only.

‡ = occurs in a poetical text, and once only.

== This sign is used to indicate that the words which it follows, "and its compounds", are to be found in the Dictionary under the heading given after it, thus meht==miht is equivalent to meht = miht "and" meht- = miht-.

a. = accusative.

A = Anglian, or, if followed by numerals, Anglia, Zeitschrift für Englische Philologie, Halle, 1877 etc. AB = Anglia Beiblatt.

Æ = Ælfric. (References followed by numerals in parentheses refer to certain Homilies attributed to Ælfric in HL.) If followed by a book of the Bible the reference is to that book in "Ælfric de vetere et novo Testamento" (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 1).

#ÆGr# = Ælfric’s Grammatik und Glossar, ed. J. Zupitza, Berlin, 1880.

ÆH = Ælfric’s Homilies, ed. by B. Thorpe, London, 1844-6. (Quoted by vol., page and line.)

ÆL = Ælfric’s Metrical Lives of Saints, ed. W. W. Skeat (EETS), 1881-1900 (3).

ÆP = Ælfric’s Hirtenbriefe (Ælfric’s Pastoral Letters), ed. B. Fehr, Hamburg, 1914 (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 9).

AF = Anglistische Forschungen, ed. J. Hoops, Heidelberg.

#Alm# = the poem on Alms, in #Gr#.

#An# = the poem of Andreas, in #Gr#; or ed. G. P. Krapp, Boston, U.S.A., 1905 (1).

#Andr# = the prose legend of St Andrew, in J. W. Bright’s Anglo-Saxon Reader, London, 1892 (1).

ANS = Herrig’s Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen, Brunswick, 1846-1914.

#AnT# = Analecta Anglo-saxonica by B. Thorpe, London, 1846 (2).

anv. = anomalous verb.

AO = Alfred’s translation of Orosius, ed. H. Sweet (EETS), 1883. (v. also Wfg.)

#Ap# = the poem of the Fate of the Apostles, in #Gr#; or included with Andreas in Krapp’s edition (v. #An#).

#APs# = the Arundel Psalter, ed. G. Oess (AF vol. 30), Heidelberg, 1910.

#ApT# = Anglo-Saxon version of Apollonius of Tyre, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1834.

AS = King Alfred’s version of Augustine’s Soliloquies, ed. H. L. Hargrove (Yale Studies in Old English), Boston, U.S.A., 1912 (1). See also #Shr#.

#Az# = the poem of Azarias, in #Gr#.

B = the poem of Beowulf, in #Gr#; also ed. A. J. Wyatt and R. W. Chambers, Cambridge, 1914 (1); or ed. W. J. Sedgefield, Manchester, 1912 (1); or ed. Harrison and Sharp, Boston, U.S.A., 1888 (1).

#Bas# = The Admonition of St Basil, ed. H. W. Norman, London, 1840.

BB = Bonner Beiträge zur Anglistik, ed. M. Trautmann.

BC = Cartularium Saxonicum, ed. W. de Gray Birch, London, 1883 etc., 3 vols.

Bd = Bede.

BDS = Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache, ed. E. Sievers, Leipzig, 1874-1914.

BH = the Anglo-Saxon version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History, 2 vols., ed. T. Miller (EETS), 1891-6. (Reference is usually made to the pages in vol. 1 as regards the various readings recorded in vol. 2--not to the pages in the latter vol.)

#Bk# = Texte und Untersuchungen zur AE Literatur, etc., by R. Brotanek, Halle, 1913.

#Bl# = The Blickling Homilies, ed. R. Morris (EETS), 1874-80 (1).

#BlPs# = Blickling Glosses to the Psalms, at the end of #Bl#.

#Bo# = King Alfred’s translation of Boethius, with the Metres of Boethius, ed. W. J. Sedgefield, Oxford, 1899 (1).

#BPs# = die AE Glossen im Bosworth-Psalter, ed. U. Lindelöf (Mémoires de la Soc. néo-philologique à Helsingfors, tom. 5), 1909 (3).

BR = An Anglo-Saxon Reader, ed. J. W. Bright, New York, 1913 or London, 1910 (1).

#Br# = the poem of Brunanburh, in #Gr# or †#Chr#.

BT = An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, by J. Bosworth and T. N. Toller, Oxford, 1882-98. BTSup. = the Supplement to the above, Part #I# (A-EORÐ), 1908.

CC = The Crawford Charters, ed. by A. S. Napier and W. H. Stevenson (Anecdota Oxoniensia), Oxford, 1895.

CD = the Codex Diplomaticus, ed. Kemble

[[This citation occurs a few times in error for the author’s normal form, KC.]]

#Chr# = Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel, ed. J. Earle and C. Plummer, Oxford, 1892 (1). The poetical passages are marked †#Chr#.

CM = the tract ‘de Consuetudine Monachorum,’ in Anglia, vol. 13, pp. 365-454.

#Cos# = Altwestsächsische Grammatik, by P. J. Cosijn, Haag, 1888.

cp. = compare.

CP = King Alfred’s trans. of Gregory’s Pastoral Care, ed. H. Sweet (EETS), London, 1871.

Cp = the Corpus Glossary, in OET, or in WW (cols. 1-54) or (if the numbers are followed by a letter), in A Latin-Anglo-Saxon Glossary, ed. by J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1890 (1).

#CPs# = Der Cambridge-Psalter, ed. K. Wildhagen, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 7, Hamburg, 1910. (CHy = Cambridge Hymns in the same vol.) (3)

#Cr# = the poem of Crist, in #Gr#.

#Cra# = the poem of Men’s Crafts, in #Gr#.

#Creat# = the poem of the Creation, in #Gr#.

Ct = Charters, wills and other like documents, as contained in BC, CC, EC, KC and TC.

d. = dative. dp. = dat. pl. ds. = dat. singular; etc.

#Da# = the poem of Daniel, in #Gr#; or ed. T. W. Hunt (Exodus and Daniel), Boston, 1885. [[Sometimes writen #Dan# in body text]]

DD = the poem ‘Be Domes Dæge’ (‘de die judiciæ’), ed. J. R. Lumby (EETS), London, 1876 (1); or in #Gr# (vol. 2, pp. 250-272).

#Deor# = the poem of Deor’s Complaint, in #Gr# and #Kl#.

DHy = the Durham Hymnarium, ed. J. Stevenson (Surtees Society, vol. 23), London, 1851. (#Gl#, by H. W. Chapman, Yale Studies, No. 24, Boston, 1905.)

#Dom# = the poem ‘Be Domes Dæge’ from the Exeter Book, in #Gr# (Vol. 3, pp. 171-4).

DR = the Durham Ritual, ed. T. Stevenson (Surtees Society), London, 1840. Lines of Anglo-Saxon only counted. [#Gl# by Uno Lindelöf, Bonn, 1901 (BB vol. 9).]

"Du." = Dutch.

E = Early.

EC = Land Charters and other Saxonic Documents, ed. John Earle, Oxford, 1888 (3).

EETS = Early English Text Society’s Publications.

EK = Early Kentish.

#El# = the poem of Elene, in #Gr#; or ed. Kent, Boston, 1889.

Ep = the Epinal Gloss., in OET.

#EPs# = Eadwine’s Canterbury Psalter, ed. F. Harsley, EETS, London, 1889. (EHy = Hymns in the same vol.)

Erf = the Erfurt Gloss., in OET.

ES = Englische Studien, Heilbronn and Leipzig, 1876-1914.

EWS = Early West Saxon.

#Ex# = the poem of Exodus, in #Gr# or in Hunt’s edition (v. #Da#). If followed by two kinds of numerals = Exodus in "Ælfric de vetere et novo Testamento" in the Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, Vol. 1, Cassel, 1872.

exc. = except.

f. = feminine. fp. = fem. plural.

FAp = the poem ‘Fata Apostolorum,’ in #Gr#.

FBO = Das Benediktiner Offizium, ed. E. Feiler (AF vol. 4), Heidelberg, 1901.

#Fin# = the poem of Finnsburg, in #Gr#, and most editions of Beowulf.

FM = The Furnivall Miscellany, Oxford, 1901.

FT = the poem ‘A Father’s Teachings,’ in #Gr#.

g. = genitive. gs. = gen. singular. gp. = gen. pl.; etc.

G = the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, ed. W. W. Skeat, Cambridge, 1871-87. See also LG, NG, RG, WG. (#Gl# to WG by M. A. Harris, Yale Studies, vol. 6, Boston, 1899.)

GD = Die Dialoge Gregors den Grossen, ed. Hans Hecht (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 5), Cassel, 1900-1907.

#Gen# = the poem of Genesis, in #Gr#. If followed by two kinds of numerals = Genesis in "Ælfric de vetere et novo testamento" (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 1, Cassel, 1872).

"Ger." = German.

GK = Grein’s Sprachschatz der Ags. Dichter, revised by Köhler and Holthausen, Heidelberg, 1912. (A complete referenced glossary to #Gr#.)

#Gl# = Glossary. Used also as a comprehensive sign for all or any of the extant Anglo-Saxon glosses or glossaries: Cp, Ep, Erf, GPH, #HGl#, #KGl#, Ln, OEG, WW etc.

#Gn# = The Gnomic Verses in #Gr#. #GnE# = those in the Exeter Book and #GnC# those in the Cotton MS. Separate edition also by B. C. Williams, New York, 1914 (1).

GPH = Prudentius Glosses, contributed by A. Holder to Germania, Vierteljahrsschrift für deutsche Altertumskunde, vol. 11 (ns).

#Gr# = Bibliothek der Angelsächs. Poesie, ed. C. W. M. Grein and revised by R. P. Wülker, Cassel, 1883-98.

#Gu# = the poem of St Guthlac, in #Gr#.

#Guth# = the (prose) Life of St Guthlac, ed. C. W. Goodwin, London, 1848 (pp. 8-98), or ed. P. Gonser (AF vol. 27), Heidelberg, 1909 (pp. 100-176).

#Hell# = the poem of Hell, in #Gr#.

#Hept# = The Heptateuchus, etc., Anglo-Saxonice, ed. Edw. Thwaites, Oxford, 1698.

#Hex# = The Hexameron of St Basil, ed. H. W. Norman, London, 1849.

#HGl# = Glosses in (Haupt’s) Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, vol. 9 (1853).

HL = Homilien und Heiligendleben, ed. B. Assmann, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 3, Cassel, 1889. v. also Æ and #Shr#, (3).

#Hu# = the poem ‘The Husband’s Message,’ in #Gr#.

Hy = the collection of ‘Hymns’ at the end of most of the Ags. versions of the Psalms. v. the various Psalters (#Ps#). [The numbering of verses etc. usually follows that in Wildhagen’s Cambridge Psalter (#CPs#).]

i. = instrumental (case).

IM = ‘Indicia Monasterialia,’ ed. F. Kluge, in Techmer’s Internationale Zeitschrift für allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, vol. 2, Leipzig, 1885.

intr. = intransitive.

JAW = Eigentümlichkeiten des Anglischen Wortschatzes, by R. Jordan (AF vol. 17), Heidelberg, 1906

JGPh = Journal of (English and) Germanic Philology, Urbana, Ill.

Jn = the Gospel of St John. v. G and NG (JnL = Lindisfarne MS; JnR = Rushworth MS, v. LG, RG).

#JPs# = der Junius-Psalter, ed. E. Brenner (AF vol. 23), Heidelberg, 1909 (JHy = the Hymns in the same vol.).

#Jud# = the poem of Judith, in #Gr#, or ed. A. S. Cook, Boston, 1889 (1).

#Jul# = the poem of Juliana, in #Gr#.

K = Kentish.

KC = Codex Diplomaticus Aevi Saxonici, ed. J. M. Kemble, 6 vols., London, 1839-48.

#KGl# = Kentish Glosses to the Proverbs of Solomon (= WW 55-88, or, if quoted by number, in #Kl#).

#Kl# = Angelsächsisches Lesebuch, by F. Kluge, 3rd edition, Halle, 1902 (2).

#KlED# = F. Kluge’s Etymologisches Wörterbuch, 7th edition, 1910, or J. F. Davis’ translation, London, 1891.

"L." = Latin.

#Lcd# = Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of the Anglo-Saxons, ed. O. Cockayne, London, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 1864-66 (vol. 2, and pp. 1-80 of vol. 3 are referred to by the folio of the MS, so that the references may also be available for G. Leonhardi’s edition of that part of the #Lcd#, in the Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 6) (3).

#Leas# = the poem ‘Be manna lease,’ in #Gr#.

Leo = Leo’s Angelsächsiches Glossar. Halle, 1877.

[[Listing added by transcriber; used only in first edition.]]

LG = the Lindisfarne Gospels, in Skeat’s ed. of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels (v. G). (Glossary by A. S. Cook, Halle, 1894.) LRG = Lindisfarne and Rushworth Gospels. v. RG.

Lieb. = F. Liebermann (v. LL).

Lk = the Gospel of St Luke. v. G and NG (LkL = Lindisfarne MS; LkR = Rushworth MS; v. LG, RG).

LL = the Anglo-Saxon Laws, as contained in Liebermann, Schmid or Thorpe. If followed by numerals not in parentheses, or only partially in parentheses, the reference is to ‘Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen,’ by F. Liebermann, 2 vols., Halle, 1903-12 (1); if by numerals "entirely" in parentheses, to vol. 2 of ‘Ancient Laws and Institutes,’ by B. Thorpe, 2 vols., London, 1840 (3).

Ln = the Leiden Glossary, ed. J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1906 (1).

#Lor# = the Lorica Hymn, in Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler, by G. Leonhardi (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 6), Hamburg, 1905.

#LPs# = Der Lambeth-Psalter, ed. U. Lindelöf, Acta Soc. Sc. Fennicae, vol. 35, Helsingfors, 1909 (1). (LHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)

LWS = Late West Saxon.

LV = Leofric’s Vision, ed. A. S. Napier, in the Transactions of the Philological Society for 1907-10, pp. 180-188.

M = Mercian.

m. = masculine. ms., mp., etc. = masc. sing., masc. plur., etc.

#Ma# = the poem of the Battle of Maldon, in #Gr#, also in #Br#, #Kl# or Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon Reader, Oxford.

Mdf = Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch, by H. Middendorff, Halle, 1902. [See Preface.]

#Men# = the Menologium, at the end of #Chr#.

#Met# = the Metres of Boethius; v. #Bo#.

MF = Festschrift für L. Morsbach (Studien zur Eng. Philologie, vol. 50), Halle, 1913.

MFH = Homilies in MF, ed. Max Förster.

MH = An Old English Martyrology, ed. G. Herzfeld (EETS), London, 1900. See also #Shr#.

"MHG." = Middle High German. [[Listing added by transcriber]]

Mk = the Gospel of St Mark; v. G and NG. (MkL = Lindisfarne MS; MkR = Rushworth MS of St Mark; v. LG, RG.)

MLA = Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Baltimore.

MLN = Modern Language Notes, Baltimore, 1886-1914.

#Mod# = the poem ‘Bi Manna Mod,’ in #Gr#.

MP = Modern Philology, Chicago, 1903-1914.

Mt = the Gospel of St Matthew; v. G and NG. (MtL = Lindisfarne MS; MtR = Rushworth MS of St Matthew; v. LG, RG.)

n. = nominative, "or" neuter, "or" note. (np., nap., etc. = nom. plural, nom. and acc. plur., etc.)

N = Northumbrian.

#Nar# = Narratiunculae, ed. O. Cockayne, London, 1861.

NC = Contributions to Old English Lexicography by A. Napier, in the Philological Society’s Transactions for 1903-1906, London (mostly late texts).

NED = the New English Dictionary, ed. Sir J. A. H. Murray and others, Oxford, 1888-1915. (See Preface, and Note 1.)

neg. = negative.

NG = the Northumbrian Gospels, contained in Skeat’s edition (v. G, LG, RG).

#Nic# = the Gospel of Nicodemus, in #Hept#; or in MLA 13·456-541. (The references to passages are always to the latter edition.)

NR = The Legend of the Cross (Rood-tree), ed. A. S. Napier, EETS, London, 1894.

obl. = oblique.

occl. = occasional, occasionally.

OEG = Old English Glosses, ed. A. Napier (Anecdota Oxoniensia), Oxford, 1900 (1).

OET = The Oldest English Texts, ed. H. Sweet, EETS, 1885 (1).

"OF." = Old French. [[Rare, and always written OFr. in text]]

"OHG." = Old High German.

"ON." = Old Norse.

"OS." = Old Saxon.

p. = page, "or" plural.

#Pa# = the poem of the Panther, in #Gr#.

#Part# = the poem of the Partridge, in #Gr#.

#Ph# = the poem of the Phoenix, in #Gr# or BR.

pl. = plural.

#PPs# = the Paris Psalter, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1835. The prose portion (Psalms 1-50) also ed. Bright and Ramsay, Belles Lettres Series, Boston, 1907, and the remainder (verse portion) in #Gr#.

#Ps# = any one or more of the Anglo-Saxon Psalters. [NB. In the numbering of the Psalms, the Authorised Version is usually one ahead of the MSS.] v. A, B, C, E, J, L, R, S and VPs; also Hy.

[[The occasional form #Pss# was retained. It may be either an error for #Ps# or short for “several Psalters”. In the one OED reference, two Psalters are quoted.]]

PST = Philological Society’s Transactions (v. also LV and NC).

QF = Mone, Quellen u. Forschungen zur Geschichte der teutschen Lit. u. Sprache, Aachen und Leipzig, 1830.

RB = der Benedictinregel, ed. A. Schröer, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 2, Cassel, 1885-8 (3).

RBL = the Anglo-Saxon and Latin Rule of St Benet (Interlinear Glosses), ed. H. Logeman, EETS, London, 1888.

#Rd# = The Riddles of the Exeter Book, in #Gr#, or ed. F. Tupper Junr., Boston, 1910 (1).

RG = the Rushworth Gospels, in Skeat’s ed. of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels (v. G). Mt (all), Mk 1-2^15 and Jn 18^1-3 are in a Mercian dialect, and are usually known as R^1; the rest (R^2) is in a Northumbrian dialect (v. also LG). Glossary to R^1 by Ernst Schulte, Bonn, 1904; to R^2 by U. Lindelöf, Helsingfors, 1897.

#Rim# = the Riming Poem, in #Gr#

[[Listing added by transcriber. The Riming Poem is included in Grein along with many other texts from its original source, the Exeter MS.]]

#Rood# = the poem ‘Dream of the Rood,’ in #Gr#.

#RPs# = der Regius-Psalter, ed. F. Roeder (Studien in Eng. Philologie, vol. 18), Halle, 1904. (RHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)

RSL = Transactions of the Royal Society of Literature, London.

#Ruin# = the poem of the Ruin, in #Gr#.

#Run# = the Rune-poem, in #Gr#.

s. = strong; also = singular. sv. = strong verb. swv. = strong-weak verb.

#Sat# = the poem ‘Christ and Satan,’ in #Gr#.

sb. = substantive.

#Sc# = Defensor’s Liber Scintillarum, ed. E. Rhodes, EETS, London, 1889 (3).

#Seaf# = the poem of the Seafarer, in #Gr#.

sg. = singular.

#Shr# = the Shrine by O. Cockayne, London, 1864-70 [pp. 29-33 and 46-156 = MH; pp. 35-44 = HL pp. 199-207; pp. 163-204 = AS].

SHy = Surtees Hymnarium = DHy.

SkED = An Etymological English Dictionary by W. W. Skeat, Oxford, 1910.

#Sol# = the poem Solomon and Saturn, in #Gr# (if in italics, the reference is sometimes to the prose version, ed. J. M. Kemble).

#Soul# = the poem of the Soul, in #Gr#.

#SPs# = Psalterium Davidis Latino-Saxonicum, ed. J. Spelman, London, 1640. (Stowe MS, but includes marginal readings from "APs", "CPs" and "EPs".)

Swt. = The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon by H. Sweet, Oxford, 1897.

TC = Diplomatarium Ævi Saxonici, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1865 (3).

tr. = transitive.

usu. = usual, usually.

v. = vide, "or" very.

v.l. = varia lectio.

#VPs# = the Vespasian Psalter, as contained in OET (1). [VHy = Hymns at the end of the Psalter.] Glossary also by Conrad Grimm (AF, vol. 18), Heidelberg, 1906.

V^2Ps = Psalter-Glosses in Cotton Vitellius E 18 (noted by Wildhagen in "CPs").

w. = with.

W = (I) Wulfstan’s Homilies, ed. A. Napier, Berlin, 1883. Glossary by L. H. Dodd, New York, 1908. (II) West Saxon.

#Wa# = the poem of the Wanderer, in #Gr#.

#Wald# = the poem of Waldhere, in #Gr#.

Wfg = die Syntax in den Werken Alfreds, by J. E. Wülfing, Bonn, 1894-1901 (copious material, and indexes to words in AO, BH, "Bo", CP, AS, "PPs", etc.).

WG = West Saxon Gospels (v. G).

#Whale# = the poem of the Whale, in #Gr#.

#Wid# = the poem of Widsith, in #Gr#, or ed. R. F. Chambers, Cambridge, 1912.

#Wif# = the poem of ‘the Wife’s Complaint,’ in #Gr#.

WS = West Saxon.

Wt = An Old English Grammar by J. and E. M. Wright, 2nd edition, Oxford, 1914.

WW = Old English Vocabularies, ed. by T. Wright and R. P. Wülker, London, 1884. Cols. 1-54 = Cp; 55-88 = #KGl#; pp. 89-103 = "Colloq. Monast." in NED.

Wy = the poem ‘Be manna wyrdum’ in #Gr#.

ZDA = Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, Leipzig and Berlin, 1853-1914.

ZDPh = Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, Halle, 1869-1914.

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

[Transcriber’s Note: This section is included for completeness. All changes have been made in the text.]

abrytan...#SPs# "should be" abr?tan...#EPs#.

acweorran: "for" #SPs# "read" #ELPs#.

æfest: for "Ei" read "El".

æfgerefa: "for" LkL 12^42 "read" LkL 12^58.

æfterlean: "add" #Gen# 76.

ælmesfeoh: add "LL".

ærendung: add "RB".

æscwiga: "for" ‡ "read" †.

afaran: add "Da" 6.

agniend: "possession" should be "possessor".

agniendlic "should be" agniendlic.

agryndan: "add" #Men# 111.

ahwylfan: add "to roll to" MP 1·592.

antemnere, antifonere (ÆP 154^6) = antefnere.

asanian: "add" LV 57.

aspreadan: "for" #CSPs# "read" #EPs#.

astignes: "for" #SPs# "read" #EPs#.

atilian "should be" atillan.

atleag: "add" EC 448^9.

atorgebl?d n. "swelling caused by poison", #Lcd# 162b.

aðecgan: add "oppress?" (Tupper) #Rd# 1^2,7.

aðynnian: "for" VHy "read" DHy 8^10.

awarnian: "read" (#APs#) = aswarnian.

+bearded "having a beard", GD 279^14.

besargung: strike out "sorrowing", VHy.

besceawere: "for" VHy "read" DHy 24^15.

besencan: add "plunge into (fire)", GD 317.

biegan: "add" +b?ged "bowed down, infirm", #Nic# 471^29.

bliðe: "add" (+b. occurs at #Guth# 161^9).

cruc: "add" LV 74.

cweme- = cwem-

+dal n. "part", GD 311^11.

dalmatice: "omit" ? "and add" GD 329^34.

+dreog II.: add "gentle (horse)", GD 78^12.

eðian "should be" ±eðian.

+fadung: add "rule, dominion".

f?mne(n)dlic (GD) = f?mnhadlic

f?rærning f. "quick marching", GD 14^24.

fæsting f. read "commendation, trust, guardianship", GD 239^15; LL 58[17].

fæstnung: add "exhortation", MkL p2^5: "monument", MtL p5^4; Mk 5^5.

fantbletsung f. "consecration of water for baptism", ÆP 188^12.

feohtling: "add" MP 1·610.

ferhtlic: "add" #PPs# 95^10.

feriend: "add" #Sol# 80.

flogettan: substitute "to fly, flutter", #Sc#; GD 100^19.

folclic: add "worldly, secular", GD 209^13.

fordemednes: "add" GD 345^3.

forecweden "aforesaid", GD 12; 344.

forehus: "add" LV 33.

forewitung "should be" forewitung.

forlætednes (GD 227^16) = forlætennes

forr?da? m. "traitor, plotter", MP 1·592.

forsegenlic (GD 233^21) = forsewenlic

forðfromung: "for" #CSVPs# read #CVPs#.

forðman: "add" NC 289.

forððeon "to profit" (‘"proficere"’), GD 200.

fullfremed: "add" -lice "after" adv.

fullhal "thoroughly well", GD 248^1.

fyrdgestealla, fyrdgetrum: "add" †.

+gang: add "passage (lapse) of time", GD 179^10.

geadrung f. "text", MtL p8^17.

geancyme: "delete second line of article".

gearowyrdig: "add" #Mod# 51.

geodæd: add †.

geondflowende "ebbing and flowing", OEG 2363.

geondlacan: "add" #Ph# 70.

geondsendan: omit †.

gest-: "for" g?st- "read" gæst-

giestran: "add" #Rd# 41^44.

glæsfæt: "add" GD 10^16.

glomung: for "VHy" read "DHy"; GD.

godwebben: "add" GD 176^1.

hæftniednes: "add" GD 346^22.

±hæftniedan "should be" +hæftniedan.

halettan "should be" ±halettan.

heals-iendlic, -igendlic: for #SPs# 89^13 read #APs# 89^13: "imploring", GD 17^23.

hellegæst: "strike out" †.

hellegeat: "add" MP 1·610.

hellestow f. "infernal region, hell", GD 332^10.

hiwcuðlic: add "familiar", GD 32.

hnep (GD 186^27) = hnæpp

horsðegn: add "muleteer", GD 191^23.

hreðnes: "add" ÆP 136^23.

huselbox "receptacle of the host", ÆP 178^6.

hwilsticce: "add" GD 254^24.

+hyldelic "secure, safe", GD 348^10.

+ieðan: add "compassionate", GD 216(?).

Additional references to the NED:--bebod ‘"bibod"’; belucan ‘"belouke"’; cempa ‘"kemp"’; cennan ‘"ken"’; clipung ‘"cleping"’; cnæpp ‘"knap"’; dihtere ‘"dighter"’; draca ‘"drake"’; dysgian ‘"dizzy"’; f?cne ‘"faken"’; forhogian ‘"forhow"’; forwiernan ‘"forwarn"’; gafol ‘"gavel"’; gleaw ‘"glew"’; heonon ‘"hen"’; hleo ‘"lee"’; hliehhan ‘"laugh"’; hreof ‘"reof"’; hryre ‘"rure"’; huru ‘"hure"’; ierre ‘"irre"’; lutan ‘"lout"’

A CONCISE

ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY

=A=

a prep. [= on] "on, at, in, to, for".

a I. (awa, o) adv. "always, ever, at all, continuously, for ever", Æ, AO, CP. a on ecnisse; a butan ende "world without end": "at any time": "in any degree". ["ON." ei, ey] II. f. = ?

a- (unemphatic verbal prefix); I. orig. = "forth, away", but as a rule only intensitive in meaning. II. = on- III. ym(b)- IV. = a (I.) in pronouns and participles, and gives a sense of indefiniteness. V. = ?-

a?lan = on?lan

a?ðan = aieðan

ab = oweb

abacan^6 "to bake", ÆH 2·268^9.

ab?dan "to compel, restrain, ward off": "exact, take toll": "force out, extract".

abæligan = ?bylgan

ab?ran "to disclose, bring to light", DD 41.

abære (W 274^24) = ?bære [[headword spelled “?b?re”]]

abærnan = onbærnan

abal (#Gen# 500) = afol

abannan^7 "to summon, convoke, command": "announce, proclaim". a. ut "call out, assemble", "Chr". [‘"abanne"’]

abarian "to lay bare, disclose".

abbad, abbod, abbot == abbud

abbud (a, o) m. ‘"abbot",’ "BH, Chr"; Æ. ["L." abbatem]

abbuddom m. "abbatial jurisdiction", BH.

abbudesse f. "abbess", #Chr#.

abbudhad m. "abbatial rank, dignity", LL.

abbudleast f. "lack of an abbot", BC 1·155´.

abbudrice (o) n. "abbey, abbacy, office or jurisdiction of an abbot" (used even of a convent of nuns).

abeatan^7 "to beat, strike, break to pieces, make to fall", "Cr". [‘"abeat"’]

abecede f. "ABC, alphabet".

abedecian (eðe-) "to get by begging or asking", #Bo# 71^12.

abedisse = abbudesse

abegan = ab?gan

abelgan^3 "to make angry, irritate, offend", "Sol"; Æ, AO, CP: "hurt, distress": "be angry with". [‘"abelgen"’]

abeodan^2 "to order, proclaim, bid, command, direct": "summon, call out": "announce, relate, declare, present, offer", "AO"; Æ. h?l a. "to wish one good luck, greet, bid farewell to". [‘"abede"’]

abeofian = abifian

abeogan = abugan

abeornan^3 "to take fire", #PPs# 105^16.

abeowan (WW 217^46) = ab?wan

aberan^4 "to bear, carry": "endure, suffer", "Mt, Bo"; Æ, CP: "bear (a child)", Æ: "take away, remove": "reveal": (refl.) "restrain oneself": "do without", NC 268.

a-berd, -bered "crafty, cunning".

aberendlic "bearable".

abernan (N) = abeornan

aberstan^3 "to burst out, break out", Æ, CP: "break away, escape". ut a. "break out".

abeðecian = abedecian

abicgan = abycgan

abidan^1 "to ‘abide,’ wait, remain, delay, remain behind", AO: "survive": "wait for, await", Æ: "expect", "Mt" 11^3.

abiddan^5 "to ask for, request, require, demand, pray, pray to, pray for", Æ: "get by asking, obtain", Æ, AO, CP: "call out (an army)".

abifian (eo) "to tremble, quake, shake".

abilgð, abilhð = ?bylgð

abiran = aberan

abiring = abyrging

abisg-, abiseg- = abysg-

abitan^1 "to bite in pieces, tear to pieces, devour, gnaw", Æ, AO: "taste, partake of, consume".

abit(e)rian "to turn bitter", CP 341^24: "embitter".

abitt = abit

abitt = abit

[[The first edition gives “abit” as a form of “abiddan”, “abit” as a form of “abidan” or “abitan”.]]

ablacian "to become pale, grow faint": "become tarnished", CP 135^2.

abl?can "to bleach, whiten", #BJPs# 50^9.

abl?cnes f. "pallor, gloom", #Lcd# 1·294.

abl?cung f. "pallor", #HGl# 518.

abl?st "inspired, furious".

ablawan^1 "to blow, blow away, breathe upon", "Æ": "puff up, swell", "Lcd" 93b. [‘"ablow"’]

ablaw-nes, -ung f. "inflation", #Lcd#.

ablegned "ulcerated", #Lcd#.

ablendan "to blind, put out the eyes of", Æ, CP: "dazzle, deceive, delude", "Æ". [‘"ablend"’]

ablered "bare, uncovered, bald". [blere] [[headword spelled “blere”]]

ablican^1 "to shine, glitter".

ablicgan = ablycgan

ablignes = ?bylgnes

ablindan "to make blind", #Bl# 151^4.

ablindian = ablendan

ablinnan^3 "to cease, leave off, desist", Æ, AO, CP.

ablinnednes f. "cessation, interruption", A 5·465.

ablinnendlice "indefatigably", #HGl# 429^32.

ablinnendnes = ablinnednes

ablisian (Æ) = ablysian

ablissian "to make glad, please", GD 335n.

ablongen = abolgen, pp. of abelgan.

ablycgan (i) "to grow pale", Æ: "make afraid".

ablynnan = ablinnan

ablysian "to blush".

ablysung f. "blushing, shame", RB 133^11.

abodian "to announce, proclaim", LkR 12^3.

abolgennes f. "irritation", WW 230^19.

aborgian "to be surety for", LL: (w. æt) "borrow".

aborian = abarian

abracian "to engrave, emboss".

abr?dan I. "to spread out, dilate": "stretch out", Æ. II. "bake", #Lcd# 44a.

abraslian "to crash, crackle", GD 236^12.

abreac pret. 3 sg. of abrucan.

abreat pret. 3 sg. of abreotan.

abrecan^4 "to break, break to pieces, break down, conquer, capture, violate, destroy", Æ, AO, CP: "break away from".

abredan^3 "to move quickly, draw, unsheath, wench, pull out", "Mt": "withdraw, take away, draw back, free from", Æ, AO. up abroden "drawn up, raised up": "start up, awake". [‘"abraid"’]

abredwian "to lay low, kill", B 2619.

abregan "to alarm, terrify".

abregdan = abredan

abreotan^2 "to destroy, kill".

abreotnes f. "extermination", OET 182.

abreoðan^2 (intr.) "to fail, decay, deteriorate, perish, be destroyed", "Ma"; Æ. abroðen (pp.) "degenerate, reprobate", "ÆGr". (tr. and wk.) "destroy". [v. ‘"brethe"’]

abrerd- = onbryrd-

abroðennes f. "baseness, cowardice", W.

abrucan^3 "to eat", A 11·1^17.

abryrd- = onbryrd-

abr?tan "to destroy", #EPs# 36^9.

abufan (= on-) adv. "above", #Chr# 1090#e#.

abugan^2 (= on-) "to bow, incline, bend, submit, do reverence", "B, ChrL"; Æ: "swerve, turn (to or from)", "deviate", CP: "withdraw, retire": "be bent or turned, turn one’s self". [‘"abow"’]

abunden "unimpeded".

aburod "not inhabited", TC 162^28.

abutan, -buten, -buton. I. prep. acc. "on, about, around, on the outside, round about", "CP, ChrL, Æ". II. adv. "about, nearly", "ChrC". [= onbutan; ‘"about"’]

abycgan "to buy, pay for, requite": "redeem": "perform, execute".

abyffan "to mutter", WW 447^24.

ab?gan (e) "to bend, deflect": "subdue, bring low": "convert".

ab?gendlic v. un-a.

abylg-, abylig- = ?bylg-

a-byrgan, -byrian "to taste, eat".

abyrging (-iri-) f. "taste".

abysgian "to busy, occupy, employ": "engage in, undertake": "take up, fill", GD.

abysgung f. "occupation": "trouble".

ab?wan (eo) "to rub off, polish, cleanse, purify".

ac I. conj. "but": "but also, moreover, nevertheless, however": "because, for" (?): "and" (?), #An# 569. ac gif "unless, except", #Bl# 151. ["Goth." ak] II. interrog. particle, "why, wherefore, whether": in direct questions = "L. nonne, numquid".

ac f. gds. and np. ?c ‘"oak",’ "Æ, Ct, Lcd"; Mdf: (‡) "ship of oak": (w. nap. acas) "name of the rune for =a=". ["OHG." eih]

ac?gan = acigan

ac?glod ‘"serratus",’ #Nar# 20^26.

acænn- = acenn-

acærran = acirran

acalan^6 "to become frost-bitten", #Lcd# 2b.

acan^6 "to ‘ache,’ suffer pain", "Æ".

acas, acase f. (NG) = æcs

acbeam m. "oak-tree".

accent m. "accent". ["L."]

accutian ?= acunnian

accynn n. "a kind of oak", WW 430^6.

acdrenc m. "oak drink, drink made from acorns"?, WW.

ace = ece

acealdian "to become cold", "Æ, CP". [‘"acold"’]

aceapian "to buy off, buy out".

acelan "to cool off, still, quiet", "Met". [‘"akele"’]

acelma = ?celma

acen = ?cen

acennan "to bring forth, produce, renew", "Bo, WG"; Æ: "attribute to". [‘"akenne(d)"’]

acennedlic "‘genuinus,’ native", OEG.

acennednes ("WG"; "Æ"), -cennes ("CP, NG"; AO) f. "birth". [‘"akenn(ed)nes"’]

acennend m. "parent", DR 197^11.

acennicge f. "mother", DR.

acenning f. "birth", #Bk# 16.

aceocian (tr.) "to choke": (intr.) "burn out".

aceocung f. ‘"ruminatio",’ WW 179^2.

aceorfan^3 "to cut off, hew down", AO, CP. onweg a. "to cut away". of a. "to cut off", AO.

aceosan^2 "to choose", AO, CP.

acer = æcer

acerr- = acirr-

acigan "to call, summon".

acirran (e, y) (tr.) "to turn, turn away or aside": (intr.) "turn oneself, go, return".

acirrednes v. onweg-a. [[headword spelled “onwegacyrrednes”]]

acl = acol

acl?c == agl?c

acl?nsian "to cleanse, purify", Æ.

acleaf n. "oak leaf", #Lcd#.

acleofan^2 "to cleave", EC 351^10.

acleopian "to call out", WW 378^5.

+aclian † "to frighten, excite". [acol]

aclungen "contracted", WW 239^37. [clingan]

acmelu n. "acorn meal", #Lcd#.

acmistel f. "mistletoe", #Lcd#.

acn- = eacn-

acnawan^1 "to know, recognise, understand".

acnyssan "to drive out, expel", #SPs# 35^13.

acofrian "to recover", "Lcd". [‘"acover"’]

acol † "affrighted, dismayed".

acolian "to grow cold", CP.

acolitus m. "acolyte", LL ["L."].

acolmod † "fearful minded, timid".

+acolmodian "to cast down, sadden", WW 209^16. [acol]

acordian "to make terms, reconcile", #Chr# 1120.

acorenlic "eligible, worthy of choice", CP 409^36.

acostnian "to try, test, prove", CM, WW.

acræftan "to think out, devise", AO 46^29.

acrammian "to cram", WW 236^10.

acreopian "to creep, crawl", Æ.

acrimman^3 (y) "to cram, stuff", WW.

acrind f. "oak bark", #Lcd#.

acrummen pp. of acrimman.

acs = æx

acs- = asc-

acse = asce

actan m. "oak-twig", #Lcd#.

actreo n. "oak-tree", #Wif# 28^36.

acucian (Æ) = acwician

acul = acol

acuma (Æ) = acumba

acuman^4 "to come, come forth (from)", Æ: "bear, bring": "endure, withstand", Æ: "get to or from, reach", "Gen". [‘"acome"’]

acum-ba m., -be fn. "‘oakum,’ hards, tow", "Lcd, OEG, WW": "ashes of oakum": "parings, clippings". [cemban]

acumendlic "tolerable", Æ: "possible".

acumendlicnes f. "possibility".

acunnan (NG) = oncunnan

acunnian "to try, test, prove": "experience", CP.

acunnung f. "experience, trial", GD.

acusan "to accuse", MtL 12^10 ["L."].

acwacian "to tremble".

acwæncan = acwencan

acweccan (tr.) "to move, swing, shake, vibrate", "Ma"; Æ: (intr.) "quiver", Æ. [‘"aquetch"’]

acwelan^4 "to die, perish", Æ, AO, CP.

acwellan "to kill, destroy", "JnL"; Æ, AO, CP. [‘"aquell"’]

acwellednes (eæ^2) f. "slaughter", #EPs# 43^22.

acwencan "to quench, extinguish", "Mt"; AO. [‘"aquench"’]

acweorna m. "squirrel", "Gl". [‘"aquerne"’]

acweorran^3 "to guzzle, gorge", #ELPs# 77^71.

acwern = acweorna

acwerren = acworren pp. of acweorran.

acweðan^5 "to say, speak out, declare, utter, express, answer", "Gen": "reject, banish", #Gen# 304. [‘"acweath"’]

acwician (tr.) "to quicken, vivify", "Ps": (intr.) "revive", "BH". [‘"aquick"’]

acwinan^1 "to dwindle away, disappear, go out (of fire)", BH, #LPs#.

acwincan^3 "to vanish, be extinguished or eclipsed".

a-cwucian, -cwycian = acwician

acwudu m. "an oak wood", KC 6·218^19.

acwylan = acwelan

acwylman "to kill, slay".

acwylmian "to be tormented", W 220^5.

acwyncan = acwencan

acynned = acenned pp. of acennan.

acyrr- = acirr-

ac?ðan "to show, proclaim, reveal, announce, confirm, prove".

ad mn. "heap, funeral pile, pyre": "fire, flame". ["OHG." eit]

ad?lan "to divide, separate".

adeadian "to fail, decay, mortify, become torpid or callous", Æ.

adeafian "to became deaf", WW 179^25.

adeafung f. "deafening, making deaf", "Lcd". [v. ‘"adeave"’]

adel I. = adl. II. = adela

adela m. "mud, dirt, filth, filthy place", "Æ". [‘"addle"’]

adelfan^3 "to delve, dig, excavate", Æ, AO, CP.

adeliht "filthy", WW.

adelseað m. "sewer, sink", Æ.

ademan "to judge, try, deprive of or exclude from by a legal decision": "try, afflict".

adeorcian "to become dull, obscure, tarnished", CP: "grow dark", W.

aderian "to hurt", GD 219^19.

adesa m., adese f. "‘adze,’ hatchet", "BH, W".

adexe = aðexe

ad-faru f. ds. -fære "way or path to the funeral pile", B 3010.

adfini n. "limit"? "ash-heap of a beacon"? EC 354^5.

adf?r n. "sacrificial fire", #Ex# 398.

+adgian = +eadgian

adihtan "to compose, write".

adihtian "to regulate, arrange, order", CP.

a-dilegian, -dil(i)gian (?) "to destroy, blot out, annihilate, devastate", CP.

adimmian "to become dim or dull, to darken, obscure", CP.

adl fn., adle f. "disease, infirmity, sickness", AO, CP.

adleg m. "flame of the funeral pile", #Ph# 222.

±adlian "to be diseased or ill, languish", Æ: "cause disease", DR.

adlig "sick, diseased", Æ.

adliga m. "sick person"

adliht = adeliht

adloma m. "one crippled by fire", #Gu# 884. [lama?]

adlseoc "sick of a contagious disease", ES 39·322.

adl-ðracu ‡ f. gs. -ðræce "force of disease".

adlung f. "illness", ÆH 1·122^31.

adlwerig "weary from illness", #Gu# 981.

adon (for conj. v. don) "to take away, send away": "cast out, expel, destroy": (w. preps. "to, on, from, etc.") "put, place, take, remove, set free", AO, CP.

adosa = adesa

adr?dan = ondr?dan

adr?fan "to drive away, shut out, expel", AO, CP. [‘"adreve"’]

adr?nct = adrenced pp. of adrencan.

adragan^6 "to draw (sword)", HL 15^356.

adrefan = adr?fan

adreminte f. "feverfew".

adrencan "to submerge, immerse, drown", AO. [‘"adrench"’]

adreogan^2 "to act, perform, do, practise", "Æ": "bear, suffer, endure", "An"; CP: "pass time, live", Æ. [‘"adree"’]

adreogendlic "bearable".

adreohan = adreogan

adreopan^2 "to drip, drop", #An#.

adreosan^2 "to fall to pieces, decline, vanish, fail".

adrifan^1 "to drive, drive away, drive out, pursue, follow up", "LL"; Æ, AO, CP: "stake out (a ford)": "chase (metal)", Æ. [‘"adrive"’]

adrigan = adr?gan

adrincan^3 "be drowned, extinguished", "BH"; AO. [‘"adrink"’]

adrugian, adruwian ("Mt, Æ") "to dry up". [‘"adroughe"’]

adr?gan (i) "to become dry, dry up, wither", CP: "dry, wipe dry".

adrysnan "to extinguish, repress", NG.

adsa = adesa

adulseað = adelseað [[headword spelled “adelseað”]]

adumbian "to become dumb, keep silence", "Mk"; Æ. [v. ‘"dumb"’ vb.]

a-dun, -duna, -dune adv. "down, downward", Æ. [= ofdune]

adune(a)stigan "to descend", #CPs#.

adunfeallan "to fall down", #EPs# 144^14.

adunweard adv. "downwards", "ChrL". [‘"a-downward"’]

adustrigan = andustrian

adw?scan (e) "to put out, quench, extinguish, blot out, destroy", AO: "suppress", Æ, CP.

a-dwelian "to wander, stray".

adwellan, pret. 3 sg. -dwealde "to seduce, lead astray": "hinder", Æ.

adwescan = adw?scan

adwinan^1 "to dwindle or waste away".

ad?dan "to destroy, mortify, kill", "Æ". [‘"adeaden"’]

ad?fan "to overpower with sound".

adylf = adealf pret. of adelfan.

ad?lgian, ad?legian = adilegian

adymman = adimmian

adysgian "to make foolish", W 185^12.

?- accented verbal prefix, = (1) "without"; (2) a-.

? I. f. also ?w f. (and m. or n.? in "NG") "law (divine or human"), "custom, covenant", AO, CP; "WG, NG". butan ? "outlaw": (esp. in pl.) "rite, ceremony": "faith, religion". unrihte ? "false religion". Cristes ? "gospel": "scriptures, revelation": "marriage", Æ: "(lawful) wife". For some comps. v. ?w-. [‘"æ"’] II. = ea I. III. interj. "oh! alas!"

?a I. = ea I. II. gp. of ?.

æal- = eal-

?ala interj. = eala

?ar- = ear-

aeargian "to become remiss", AO 212^20.

?b?re (e "LL") "manifest, notorious, public, open, evident, clear". [‘"eber"’]

aebbian "to ebb away, recede", #Chr#.

æbbung (= ebb-) f. ‘"ebbing".’ s? æ. "gulf, bay", "WW" 154

?bebod n. "injunction of the law, command", #PPs# 118^102.

?bec fp. "books of the law", WW 439^15.

?bere = ?b?re

?besn = ?fesn [[headword spelled “æfesn”]]

?bilg-, -bili(g)- = ?bylg-

?bl?c- = abl?c-

?bl?ce "lustreless, pale, pallid".

?bod m. "business", Æ: "statute".

?boda m. "messenger, preacher", #Gu# 909.

?bræce = ?wbræce [[headword spelled “?wbr?ce”]]

?breca = ?wbreca

?brecð f. "sacrilege", #LPs#.

?brucol "sacrilegious", GPH 402.

æbs f? "fir-tree", Æ. ["L." abies]

?bylg n. = ?bylgð

?bylga m. "anger", #LPs# 77^49.

±?bylgan, -byli(g)an "to make angry, offend", Æ.

?bylgnes f. "anger, offence", Æ.

?bylgð, -bylgðu f. "anger", AO.

?bylig- = ?bylg-

?-bylð, -bylygð = ?bylgð

?c I. f. = ac. II. (N) = eac

?cambe f. = acumbe [[under “acumba”]]

?can = iecan

æccyrn = æcern

æce = ece

?ce = ece

æced = eced

æcedwin n. "wine mingled with myrrh", MkL 15^23.

?celan = acelan

?celma m. "chilblain", OEG, WW.

?celmehte (ecil-) "having chilblains", OEG 1523.

?cen I. "a wood of oaks". II. "oaken", WW 270^14. III. = eacen pp. of eacan.

æcer nap. æcras m. "field, sown land, cultivated land", "Mt"; Æ, AO, CP; Mdf: "a certain quantity of land, ‘acre,’" "Æ"; v. LL 2·267: "crop".

æcerceorl m. "countryman, farmer", NC 268.

æceren = æcern

æcerhege m. "hedge of a field", KC 3·33^2.

æcerm?lum "by acres", KC 6·98^5.

æcermann m. "farmer", "WW". [‘"acreman"’]

æcern n. "nut, mast of tree", "Æ" (i^2): ‘"acorn",’ WW.

æcernspranca m. "‘ilex,’ oak sapling"? #ÆGr# 69^15.

æcers?d n. "seed enough for an acre"? #Chr# 1124.

æcerteoðung f. "tithe of the produce of the soil", W 310^24.

æcert?ning f. "fencing", EC 377^9.

æcerweorc n. "field-work", GPH 391.

æces = æx

æcest, æceð pres. 2 and 3 sg. of acan.

?cilma = ?celma

æcirn = æcern

?cl?ca = agl?ca

?cleaw = ?gleaw

?cnosle "degenerate, not noble", WW.

+?cnosliende "degenerating", WW 218^12.

?cræft † m. "knowledge of law or ordinances, religion".

?cræftig "learned in the law"; as sb. = "lawyer, scribe, Pharisee".

æcras v. æcer.

æcren = æcern

æcs f. "‘axe,’ pickaxe, hatchet", CP; "Mt" (æx).

æcst, æcð pres. 2 and 3 sg. of acan.

?cumba = acumba

æcur = æcer

æcyrf m. "(wood-)choppings", BH 224^15.

æd (NG) = æt

æd- = ed-

ædderseax (WW) = ?dreseax

æddre, ?dr = ?dre

?dre I. f. "artery, vein, pulse, nerve, sinew", "B"; AO: pl. "veins, kidneys": "runlet of water, fountain, spring, stream". [‘"eddre"’] II. adv. "at once, directly, instantly, quickly": (†) "fully, entirely". ["OS." adro]

?dreseax (der) n. "lancet", WW 410^10.

?dreweg m. "artery, vein".

?drifan = adrifan

ædwist = edwist

æfæst = æfest

?fæst = ?wfæst

æfdæll -dell (NG) = ofdæle

æfd?ne m. "declivity", #Gl#.

?felle "without skin, peeled", WW 190^31.

æfen = efen

?fen (e) nm. "‘even,’ evening, eventide", "B, MkL, Gu" (efn). to ?fenes "till evening": "eve", "RB".

?fencollatio "the ‘collatio’ read before compline", NC 268.

?fendream m. "even-song", RB.

?fengebed n. "evening service", WW 129^34.

?fengereord n. "evening meal, supper" (often used in pl. of one meal).

?fengereordian "to sup, give supper to", CM 1030.

?fengereordung f. "supper", NC 269.

?fengeweorc n. "evening work", #Lcd# 70b.

?fen-giefl, -gifl n. "evening repast, supper", AO, CP.

?fen-glom, -gloma m., -glomung (omm-, eom-) f. "gloaming, twilight".

?fengrom "fierce at eve", B 2074.

æfenian = æfnian [[headword spelled “?fnian”]]

?fenlac n. "evening sacrifice, evening prayer", #PPs# 140^3.

?fenl?can "to grow towards evening", Lk 24^29.

?fenleoht n. "evening light", B 403.

?fenleoð † n. "evening song".

?fenlic "of the evening"; adv. -lice.

?fenlof n. "lauds (service)", CM 1035.

?fenmete m. "supper".

?fenoffrung f. "evening sacrifice", NC 269.

?fenr?ding f. "reading (during the evening meal at a monastery), ‘collatio,’" CM.

?fenrepsung f. "nightfall", Æ.

?fen-rest, -ræst † f. "evening rest".

?fensang m. ‘"evensong",’ "Æ, RB".

?fensceop m. "evening singer, bard", #Rd# 9^5. [scop]

?fenscima m. "evening splendour", #Gen# 2448.

?fenspr?c f. "evening talk", B 759.

?fensteorra m. "the evening star, Hesperus", "Bo"; Æ. [‘"evenstar"’]

?fen-tid f., -tima m. "eventide", Æ.

?fenðenung f. "evening service": "evening repast, supper".

?fenðeowdom m. "evening service or office", WW 129^34.

?fenung = ?fnung

?fer = ?fre

æferðe f. "name of a plant", #Lcd#.

æfes- = efes-

æfesa ? m., æfese (m.) f. = æfesn

æfesn, æfesen f. "relish, dainty, special pasturage, pannage"; "the charge for special pasturage", LL.

æfesne ?= æpsen?

æfest mf. "envy, hatred, malice, spite", CP; "El, Ps": "zeal, rivalry". [‘"evest"’]

?fest == ?wfæst

æfestful "full of envy".

±æfestian -igian "to be or become envious".

æfestig "envious": "zealous".

æfestlice = ofostlice [[under “ofost”]]

æfgælð f. "superstition", OEG.

æfgerefa (-groefa) ‘"exactor",’ LkL 12^58.

æfgrynde n. "abyss", #PPs# 35^6.

æfhynde = ofhende

æfian (-an?) "to be in a miserable condition", #Cr# 1357 (or æfnan? Gollancz).

æfisc (EC 291) = efesc [[under “efes”]]

æflast m. "a wandering from the way"? #Ex# 473.

±æfnan (e) "to carry out, do, perform, fulfil": "cause": "endure, suffer": (+) "hold, sustain". ["ON." efna]

æfne = efne

±?fnian "to grow towards evening", Æ.

?fnung f. "‘evening,’ sunset", "Æ".

?fre adv. "‘ever,’ at any time", "Sat, Mt": "always, constantly, perpetually", "Cr, RB"; Æ, CP: "henceforth": ne ?.; ?. ne (= n?fre) "never"; ?. to aldre "for ever". ?. ?lc, "W, Chr". ?. ?nig "any at all", "KC".

æfreda m. "what is taken or separated from", OEG (Napier). [æf; *hreda (hreddan)]: "tow, oakum" (BT).

?fremmende "pious, religious", #Jul# 648.

æfse I. = efes. II. = æbs

æfsecgan "to confute", ES 42^163.

æfst == æfest

æfsweorc n. "pasturage", WW 410^12 (= *æfesweorc).

æft = eft

æftan adv. "from behind, behind, in the rear", "Ma". [‘"aft"’]

æftanweard adj. "behind, in the rear, following", #Rd# 63^5.

æftemest adj. "last, hindmost", Æ, AO.

æfter I. prep. (w. d., i. and--chiefly N.--a.) (local and temporal) "after, along, behind, through, throughout, during": (causal) "following, in consequence of, according to, for the purpose of": (object) "after, about, in pursuit of, for". II. adv. "after, then, afterwards, thereafter": "thereupon, later, back" (= "in return"). æ. ðon, ðæm, ðisum; æ. ðæm (ðon, ðan) ðe; "afterwards, thereafter".

æftera = æfterra

æfter? f. "the book Deuteronomy", Æ.

æfterboren adj. "‘afterborn,’ posthumous", "ÆGr".

æftercweðan^5 "to speak after, repeat". æftercweðendra lof "praise from posterity": "to renounce, abjure", #Chr# 1094.

æftercyning m. "later king", BH 140^24 B.

æfterealu n. "small beer", WW 129^4.

æfterfilian = æfterfylgan [[under “æfterfolgan”]]

æfterfiligend = æfterfylgend

æfterfolgere m. "follower", AO 142^23.

æfter-folgian, -fylgan (AO) "to follow after, succeed, pursue".

æfterfylgednes f. "sequel", ÆL 23b^365.

æfterfylgend m. "follower, successor", AO, -lice "in succession".

æfterfylgendnes f. "succession", SHy 11.

æfterfylgung (eft-) f. "pursuit".

æfterfylig- = æfterfylg-

æfter-genga, -gengea m. "follower, successor": "descendant", Æ.

æftergengel m. "successor", KC.

æftergengnes f. "succession", Æ: "posterity": "inferiority".

æftergyld n. "further payment", LL.

æfterh?ðe f? "autumn drought", AO 102^7.

æfterhyrigan "to imitate", BH.

æfterlean n. "reward, recompense, restitution, retribution", #Gen# 76.

æfterlic "second", WW 505^19.

æfterra (comp.) "second, following, next, latter, lower", CP.

æfter-rap (Æ) -ræpe m. "crupper".

æfterridan^1 "to ride after".

æfterrowan^7 "to row after", ES 41^325.

æfterryne m. ‘"occursus",’ #CPs# 18^7.

æftersang m. "(after-song), "matins", CM 449.

æftersingallic (= -sanglic) "of matins", CM 476.

æftersingend m. "succentor", WW 129^23.

æftersona "soon, afterwards, again", NG.

æfterspræc f. "after-claim", LL 398^7.

æftersprecan^5 "to claim", LL 226[9,4].

æfterspyrian "to track out, search, inquire into, examine", CP.

æfterweard adj. "after, following, further, behind, in the rear, later", Æ.

æfterweardnes f. "posterity", WW 464^18.

æfterwriten "written afterwards", #Lcd# 69b.

æfterwyrcan "to cause, effect".

æfter-yld, -yldo f. †"advanced age, old age": "after age, later time", BH. [ield(o)]

æfteweard = æfterweard

æftewearde adv. "behind".

æftra = æfterra

æftresta superl. "last".

æftum adv. "after", MtR 24^21.

æftyr = æfter

æfðanc, æfðanca (o, u) m. "insult, offence": "grudge, displeasure, anger".

æf-weard (CP) -ward "absent".

æfweardnes f. "absence", #Bo#, GD.

æfwela f. "decrease of wealth", #Lcd# 3·170^13.

æfwendla (WW 223^1) = æfwyrdla

æf-werdelsa, -wyrdelsa m. "injury, damage, loss".

æfwyrdla, m. "injury, damage, loss": "fine for injury or loss".

æfwyrð(u) ? f. "degradation, disgrace", RB.

?fyllende "fulfilling the law, pious", #Cr# 704.

?fyn = ?fen

?fyrmða fp. "sweepings, rubbish". [feormian]

?g n. (nap. ?gru) ‘"egg",’ "Lcd, Lk, OET, Met".

?g = ieg

?gan = agan

æge = ege

?gen = agen

?gera (K) dp. of ?g.

?gerfelma f. "egg-skin", #Lcd# 20b.

?gergelu n. "yolk of egg", #Gl#. [?g, geolu]

?gflota m. "seafarer, sailor", #An# 258. [ieg]

?ggemang n. "egg-mixture", WW.

?g-hwa mf., -hwæt, n. pron. "each one, every one, everything, who or whatever". ?ghw?t neut. "anything". [?g = agi]

?ghw?r "everywhere, in every direction", "Mk"; Æ: "in every case, in every respect": "anywhere". [‘"aywhere"’]

?ghwæs (gs. of ?ghwa) "altogether, in every way, entirely, wholly, throughout, in general".

?ghwæt v. ?ghwa.

?ghwæðer (?gðer, aðer). I. pron. "each or every one (of two or more)", "‘either,’ both", "AO, Mt" (gð). II. conj. ?ghwæðer (ge)...ge; ?gðer...and "both...and"; "as well...as".

?g-hwanan, -hwanon(e), -hwannon, -hwanum, "from all parts, everywhere, on every side, in every way".

?g-hwar, -hwer = ?ghw?r

?ghwelc = ?ghwilc

?ghweðer = ?ghwæðer

?ghwider "on every side, in all directions": "in any direction, anywhere".

?ghwilc adj. "each, every, whosoever, whatsoever, all, every one", "Bo, Met". ?. anra "each". ?. oðer "each other", "Ma". ?ghwilces "in every way". [v. ‘"each"’]

?g-hwonan, -hwonon (CP), -hwonene = ?ghwanan

?ghwyder = ?ghwider

?ghwylc = ?ghwilc

?gift f. (m? n?) "restitution, repayment".

?gilde adv. "receiving no ‘wergild’ as compensation", LL.

?gilt = ?gylt

?gl?c == agl?c

?gleaw "learned in the law".

?gleca = agl?ca

?glim m. "white of egg". [lim]

?gmang (WW 4^89) = ?ggemang

?gmore f. "root of the eye, socket"? #Lcd# 3·98^5. [eage]

ægnan sb. pl. "awns, sweepings, chaff", #Gl#. [v. egenu]

?gnes = agnes, v. agen.

?gnian = agnian

?gru v. ?g.

ægsa = egsa [[under “egesa”]]

?gscill (y) f. "eggshell", #Lcd#.

?gðer = ?ghwæðer

?gweard f. "watch on the shore", B 241. [ieg]

?gwern = ?ghw?r

?gwyrt f. "dandelion", #Lcd# 158b.

?gylde = ?gilde

?gylt m. "sin, offence". [?w, gylt]

?gype "without skill or cunning" (BT), #PPs# 106^10.

æhher (MkR 4^28) = ear

?hiw n. "pallor", OEG 4897.

?hiwe "pallid": "deformed".

?hiwnes f. "pallor", #Lcd# 1·294^3.

?hl?p m. "breach of the peace, assault", LL. [cp. æthl?p]

æht == eaht

?ht I. f. (rare in sg.) "possessions, goods, lands, wealth, cattle", "Mk"; AO: "ownership, control". [agan: ‘"aught"’ sb.] II. = oht

aehtan "to persecute", LkL 21^12.

?htboren "born in bondage", RB 11^20.

?hte = ahte pret. sg. of agan.

?hteland n. "territory", BH 358^14.

æhtemann m. "tiller of the soil, serf, farmer", Æ.

?hteswan m. "swineherd who was a chattel on an estate", LL 449^7.

?htgesteald n. "possession", #Jul# 115.

?htgestreon n. "possessions", #Ph# 506.

?tgeweald † mn. "power, control".

æhtian = eahtian

+æhtle f. "esteem", B 369.

æhtowe (LkR 2^21) = eahta

?htsped f. "wealth, riches", #LPs# 103^24.

?htspedig "rich".

?htwela † m. "wealth, riches".

?htwelig "wealthy, rich", #Jul# 18.

?hwænne = ahwænne

?hw?r, -hwar = ahw?r

[[Printed on one line: ?hwænne, ?hw?r, -hwar = ahwænne, ahwær]]

?hwyrfan = ahwierfan

æhx = æcs

æig = æg [[error for “?g”?]]

æl- prefix = I. eal(l)-. II. el(e)-.

æl m. "piercer, ‘awl,’" "Æ".

?l m. ‘"eel",’ "WW"; Mdf.

?la = eala

?l?dend m. "legislator", #SPs# 9^21.

?l?rende m. "teacher of the law, instructor in religion", #El# 506.

?l?te I. n. "desert place". II. "desert, empty", W 47^21. III. f. "divorced woman".

?l?ten I. = al?ten pp. of al?tan. II. = ?l?te II.

?lagol "lawgiving", GPH 397^363.

?lan "to kindle, light, set on fire, burn", Æ, CP.

?lareow (-larua) m. "teacher of the law", "Pharisee", NG.

ælað = ealað

ælbeorht = eallbeorht

ælbitu (#Gl#) = ilfetu

?lc [elc, ylc (#VPs#); v. ‘"each"’] I. (pron. subst.) "any, all, every, each (one)", Æ, AO, CP. ?lc...oðrum "the one...the other". II. (adj. pron.) "each", "Lcd": "any", "CP".

?lceald † "altogether cold, very cold".

ælcor = elcor

ælcra = elcra [[under “elcora”]]

ælcræftig † "almighty, all-powerful".

?lcuht (AO) ælcwuht n. "everything".

æld = æled [[headword spelled “?led”]]

æld- = ield-

ældewuta (NG) = ealdwita

?lecung = oleccung

?led † m. gs. ?ldes "fire, firebrand". ?. weccan "to kindle a fire", #Whale# 21. ["ON." eldr]

?ledf?r n. "flame of fire", #Ph# 366?

?ledleoma m. "fire-brand", B 3125.

ælegr?dig "greedy", ÆL 18^213. [eall-]

ælegrene (#RPs# 127^3) = eallgrene

ælelendisc = elelendisc

ælemidde f. "exact middle", Æ.

?lenge I. "lengthy, tedious, vexatious", "CP". [‘"elenge"’] II. "weariness".

?lengnes f. "tediousness", #Sc#, WW.

ælepe ? "‘origanum,’ wild marjoram", WW 299^19. [ælene? BT]

?lepute f. "‘eel-pout,’ burbot", "WW".

æleð pres. 3 sg. of alan.

?leð, ?lð = ?led

ælewealdend = eallwealdend

ælf mf. (pl. ielfe, ylfe) "‘elf,’ sprite, fairy, goblin, incubus", "B, Lcd".

ælfadl f. "nightmare", #Lcd# 123b.

ælfæle = ealfelo

æl-faru, -fær f. "whole army, host", #Ex# 66.

ælfcynn n. "elfin race", #Lcd# 123a.

ælfer = ælfaru

?l-fisc, -fix m. "eel", TC 242^11.

ælfitu = ylfetu [[under “ylfet” (defined under “ilfetu”)]]

æl-fremed, -fremd, (el-) "strange, foreign", Æ: (+) "estranged", #LPs# 57^4: (w. fram) "free, separated from", Æ.

ælfremeda (el-) m. "stranger, foreigner".

ælfremedung f. ‘"alienatio",’ RHy 5^14.

ælf-sciene (i^2?^2) † "bright as an elf or fairy, beautiful, radiant".

ælfsiden f. "elvish influence, nightmare", #Lcd# 120b.

ælfsogoða m. "hiccough (thought to have been caused by elves)", #Lcd# 124b.

ælfðeodlice = elðeodiglice

ælfðone f. "nightshade", #Lcd# 123b.

ælfylce (= el-) † n. I. "strange land". II. "foreign band, enemy".

?lhyd f. "eel receptacle"? "eel-skin"? (BT) LL 455^17.

?lic "(of the law), legal, lawful", Æ. adv. -lice.

ælifn f. "sustenance", #Gl#? (v. ES 42·166)

?ling f. "burning", Æ: "ardour".

?ling- = ?leng-

æll- = æl-, eal(l)-, el(l)-

ælmes = ælmesse

ælmesæcer m. "ground of which the yield was given as alms, first-fruits", A 11·3^69.

ælmesbæð n. "gratuitous bath", W 171^2.

ælmesdæd f. "almsdeed", Æ.

ælmesdonde "giving alms", NC 269.

ælmesfeoh n. "alms": "Peter’s pence, Romescot", "LL" [‘"almsfee"’]

ælmesfull "charitable".

ælmesgedal n. "distribution of alms".

ælmesgeorn "charitable", Æ.

ælmesgifa (y^3) m. "giver of alms", W 72^4.

ælmesgifu f. "alms, charity", W 159^20.

ælmeshlaf m. "dole of bread", TC 474^23.

ælmeslac "giving of alms", NC 269.

ælmesleoht n. "a light in church provided at the expense of a pious layman".

ælmeslic "charitable": "depending on alms, poor", -lice, adv. "charitably", OET. (Ct.)

ælmeslond m. "land granted in frankalmoigne". [almes-]

ælmesmann m. "‘almsman,’ bedesman, beggar", "Lcd"; Æ.

ælmespening m. "alms-penny".

ælmesriht n. "right of receiving alms".

ælmesse f. "‘alms,’ almsgiving", "Da, Mt"; Æ, CP. ["L." eleemosyna]

ælmessylen (e^3) f. "almsgiving".

ælmesweorc n. "almsdeed", #Bl# 25^17.

ælmidde = ælemidde

ælmiehtig = ælmihtig

ælmihtig (ea^2, e^2) adj. ‘"almighty",’ "B, Ps, TC"; AO, CP: m. "the Almighty".

ælmihtignes f. "omnipotence", AS 59^13.

ælmyrca m. "one entirely black, Ethiopian", #An# 432.

ælmysse = ælmesse

?lnet n. "eel net", BH.

?lpig = anlipig [[under “anlipe”]]

ælren adj. "of an alder tree", "KC" 7·316. [‘"aldern"’]

ælreord = elreord

ælsyndrig "separately", LkR 2^3.

ælt?we (eo, o) "complete, entire, perfect, healthy, sound, true", Æ, AO, CP: "noted", "Æ". ["Goth." tewa]. -lice adv.

ælðeod (ælðied-) == elðeod

æl-walda, -wealda = ealwealda [[under “eallwealda”]]

ælwiht † m. "strange creature, monster" [= *elwiht]; (in pl.) = eallwihta

æmbern = embren

?melle "insipid", WW 429^30.

?melnes f. "slackness, sloth", Æ: "weariness, disgust", WW.

?men, ?menne (AO) "uninhabited, desolate, desert".

?menne "solitude", AS 4^11 (v. Wfg 3).

?merge f. "embers, ashes, dust", "Lcd"; Æ. [‘"ember"’]

?met- = ?mett-

?metbed n. "ant-hill", #Lcd# 121b.

?methwil f. "leisure", Æ.

?methyll m. "ant-hill", CP 191^25.

?metian = ?mtian

?metta m. "leisure, rest", CP. [mot]

?mette f. "‘emmet,’ ant", "Lcd, WW"; Æ.

?mettig (CP), -m(e)tig (Æ) "‘empty,’ vacant", "Bl, Æ": "unoccupied, without employment", "Æ": "unmarried", "CP".

?mettigian = ?mtian

?minde n. "forgetfulness", #Lcd# 1·384´.

?mod "dismayed, disheartened", Æ, AO.

?mt- = ?mett-

±?mtian "to ‘empty,’" "Æ": "to be at leisure, have time for", Æ, CP.

?mtignes f. "emptiness", GD 35^17.

?muða m. ‘"cæcum intestinum",’ WW 160^11.

?mynde = ?minde

?myrce "excellent", WW 393^38.

?myrie = ?merge

?mytte = ?mette

?n == an

+æn- = +en-

ænbrece = unbrece

ænd- = end-

?ne (ane) "once, at some time", "Æ, B": "at any time": "at once". [‘ene’]

æned = ened

?nes adv. "once".

?netre = anwintre

?nett, ?netnes = anet [[under “anett”]]

?nga = anga

?ngancundes "in a unique way"? (BT), #Lcd# 162b.

ænge = enge

ængel = engel

Ænglisc = Englisc

ænid = ened

?nig adj. pron. and sb. "‘any,’ any one", "Mk, Jn". ?nige ðinga "somehow, anyhow". [an]

?nigge = aneage

?nigmon "any one, some one", NG.

?niht = awuht

?ninga = anunga

ænl?nan = onl?nan

?nlefan = endlufon [[under “endleofan”]]

?nlep- = anlep-

?nlic "one", "‘only,’ singular, solitary", "Ps"; Lk: "unique, glorious, noble, splendid, excellent", "Bo"; Æ, AO. adv. -lice.

?nlipig (Æ) = anlipig [[under “anlipe”]]

?nne (AO, CP) v. an.

?note "useless", LL 254[3,34].

?nr?dnis = anr?dnes

?nyge = aneage

?nytte = ?nette [[form of “?nett”?]]

æpl == æppel

æpled = æppled

æppel m. (nap. æpplas, rarely ap(p)la, æppla) "any kind of fruit, fruit in general": ‘"apple",’ "CP, Gen": "apple of the eye, ball, anything round", "Bo, CP, Sol".

æppelb?re † "fruit-bearing": "apple-bearing".

æppelbearu m. "orchard", #PPs# 78^2.

æppelberende "apple-bearing", DR 98^16.

æppelcynn n. "kind of apple", #Lcd# 67a.

æppelcyrnel n. "apple pip", WW 440^23.

æppelfæt n. "apple-vessel", ZDA 31·15^401.

æppelfealu "apple-yellow, bay", B 2165.

æppelhus n. "fruit storehouse", WW.

æppelscealu f. "apple-core", WW 371^1.

æppelscread n. (only in pl.) "apple-parings", WW 118^1.

æppeltreow n. ‘"apple-tree",’ "WW".

æppeltun m. "apple or fruit garden, orchard", Æ, CP.

æppelðorn m. "crab-apple tree", BC 3·93´.

æppelwin n. "cider", WW 430^9.

æppled † "shaped like an apple, round, embossed", "El". [‘"appled"’]

æppul- = apul-

æps == æsp, æbs

æpsen "shameless", OEG 7^301.

æpsenes f. "disgrace".

?r I. adv. comp. ?ror; sup. ?rost, ?r(e)st "‘ere,’ before that, soon, formerly, beforehand, previously, already, lately, till"; (comp.) "sooner, earlier"; (sup.) "just now, first of all", "OET, Jn, El": "early, prematurely", "Gu, Mk". on ?r; ?r ðissum "previously, formerly, beforehand", "CP". to ?r "too soon". ?r oððe æfter "sooner or later". hwonne ?r "how soon? when?" hwene ?r "just before". on ealne ?rne mergen "very early in the morning". ne ?r ne siððan "neither sooner nor later". ?r and sið "at all times". II. conj. "‘ere,’ before that, until", Æ, AO, CP. ?r ðam(ðe) "before", "B". III. prep. (w. d.) "before". IV. adj. only in comp. and sup. (?rra, ?rest) q.v. V. f. = ar f. VI. n. = ar n.

?r- = I. "early, former". II. intensitive prefix.

?ra I. m. "scraper, strigil", #Gl#. II. = ?rra

?r?t m. "excessive" (or "too early"?) "eating".

ærbe- = yrfe-, ierfe-

?rbeðoht "premeditated".

?rboren "earlier born, first-born" (or ? two words), #Gen# 973.

ærc = earc

ærce == arce

?rcwide m. "prophecy"? #Mod# 4.

?rd?d f. "former deed".

?rdæg m. (nap. ?rdagas) "early day, early morn, dawn": in pl. "former days, past times", AO.

?rdeað m. "premature death", #Ex# 539.

ærdian = eardian

ærdon = ærndon? from ærnan (Grein), #Ma# 191.

ærdung = eardung

?re I. = ?re. II. in comp. = "-oared".

?reafe (= ?^2) "detected", TC 230^16.

?reldo ‘"anteritus",’ WW 347^12.

?ren "made of brass, brazen", Æ, AO, CP: "tinkling"? [ar; cp. "Ger." ehern]

?rendboc f. "message, letter".

?renddraca (AO, CP) = ?rendraca

?rende n. "‘errand,’ message", "BH, Gu"; AO: "mission", "An, Chr": "answer, news, tidings", Æ.

?rendfæst "commissioned with an errand", ÆL 26^221.

?rendgast m. "angel", #Gen# 2296.

?rendgewrit n. "written message, letter", Æ, CP.

±?rendian "to go on an errand, carry a message, send word to", CP: "intercede", "BH"; Æ: (+)"speed, succeed", W 238^9. [‘"ernde"’]

?rendraca m. "messenger, apostle, ambassador, angel", Æ, AO: "representative, substitute, proxy", BH 276^19.

?rendscip n. "skiff, small boat".

?rendsecg m. "messenger", #Gen# 658.

?rendspr?c f. "message", #Rd# 61^15.

?rendung f. "errand": "errand-going", "RB". [‘"ernding"’]

?rend-wraca (AO) -wreca, (CP) = ?rendraca

?rendwrit = ?rendgewrit

?renscip = ?rendscip

?rer = ?ror

?rest I. adv. and superl. adj. "first, at first, before all", Æ, CP. ða, ðonne, siððan ?. "as soon as". ?. ðinga "first of all". II. = ?rist

?rfæder m. "forefather", B 2622.

?rfæst == arfæst

ærfe == ierfe, yrfe

?rgedon "done before", CP.

?rgefremed "before committed".

?rgelered "previously instructed", MtL 14^8.

?rgenemned, -gesæd = ?rnemned

?rgestreon † n. "ancient treasure".

?rgeweorc † n. "ancient work, work of olden times".

?rgewinn n. "former strife or trouble, old warfare", #Cross# 19.

?rgewyrht † n. "former work, deed of old".

?rglæd "very bright", #Ex# 293.

?rgod † "good from old times"?, "very good".

?rhwilum † "erewhile, formerly".

ærian = erian

ærig (OET) = earh

?riht † n. "code of law or faith".

?ring f. "day-break, early morning" (A).

?risc = earisc

?rist I. (e) mfn. "rising", "VPs": "resurrection, awakening", "Jn"; CP. [‘"arist"’] II. = ?rest

?rleof? "very dear", OEG 56^296.

?rlest = arleast

?rlic(a) adj.; -lice adv. ‘"early",’ "Jn".

?rlyft f. "early morning air", WW 415^13.

ærm = earm

?rmorgen (a^1, a^2, e^2) m. "early morning, dawn, day-break".

?rmorgenlic "of early morning", DR.

ærn n. "dwelling, habitation, house, building, closet".

?rn = ?ren

ærnan "to ‘run,’ ride, gallop", "BH": (+) "to ride, run to, reach, gain by running or riding", "AO": = +iernan

ærndian = ærendian [[headword spelled “?rendian”]]

?rne-mergen, -merigen (Æ) = ?rmorgen

?rnemergenlic "matutinal", CM 277.

?rnemned "aforementioned".

ærneweg m. "road for riding on, race-course". [iernan]

ærnian = earnian

ærning f. "‘running,’ riding, racing", "Bo, GD": "flow of blood", "MtL" 9^20. (iorn-)

ærnð = ernð

ærnðegen (?) m. "house-officer", #Gl#.

ærnung = earnung

?ron = ?rran [[form of “?rra”]]

?ror I. adv. "earlier, before, beforehand, formerly", Æ, AO: "rather". II. prep. (w. d.) "before".

?rost = ?rest

?rra m. ?rre fn. adj. "earlier, former", "Bo, El"; CP. on ?rran dæg "the day before yesterday". [‘"ere",’ ‘"erer"’]

?rror = ?ror

ærs = ears

?rsceaft ‡ f. "old work, ancient building".

ærschen, ærshen = erschen

?rst = ?rest

?rstæf = arstæf

?r-ðam, -ðon, -ðamðe v. ?r.

ærð- = yrð-

?rwacol "early awake", Æ.

+ærwe "depraved, wicked", #EPs# 100^4.

?rwela m. "ancient wealth", B 2747.

?rworuld f. "ancient world", #Cr# 937.

?rynd = ?rend [[headword spelled “?rende”]]

?ryr = ?ror

?ryst I. = ?rist. II. = ?rest

?s n. "food, meat, carrion": "bait". ["OHG." as]

æsc I. m. nap. ascas "‘ash’-tree", "Gl, KC"; Mdf: "name of the rune for =æ=": (†) "spear, lance": "ship", Æ. II. = æcs

?scære "unshorn, untrimmed". [scieran]

?scan "to demand (legally)", LL 177´.

?scapo (WW 273^36) = ?sceapa

æscberend † m., -bora † m. "spear-bearer, soldier".

æscberende "spear-bearing", #Gen# 2041.

æsce = asce

?sce f. "asking, inquiry, search", "LL": "claim (to insurance money for theft of cattle)", LL 175^2. [‘"ask"’ sb.]

?sceap (e^1) n. "remnant, patch".

æsceda fpl. "refuse"? WW 148^33.

æscegeswap n. "cinders, ashes", TC 318^33.

æscen I. fm. "vessel of ash-wood, bucket, pail, bottle, cup". II. adj. "made of ash-wood, ashen", #Lcd#.

æscfealu "ashy-hued", WW 204^23.

æscgræg "ashy gray", WW 204^24.

æschere m. "naval force", #Ma# 69.

æscholt † n. "spear of ash-wood, spear-shaft, lance" (v. also Mdf).

?scian = acsian [[under “ascian”]]

æscmann m. "ship-man, sailor, pirate". [æsc]

æscplega m. "play of spears, battle", #Jud# 217.

æscrind f. "bark of the ash-tree", #Lcd#.

æscrof † "brave in battle".

æscstede m. "place of battle", #Mod# 17; Mdf.

æscstederod f. "cross marking a battlefield"? Ct (BT).

æsctir m. "glory in war", #Gen# 2069.

æscðracu f. "battle", #Gen# 2153.

æsc-ðrote, -ðrotu f. "a plant, ferula"? "vervain"?

?smæl "smallness of the eye", #Lcd#.

?smogu np. "slough (of snake)" #Lcd# 88a. [a-smugan]

æscwert = æscwyrt

æscwiga † m. "(spear-) warrior".

æscwlanc † "brave".

æscwyrt f. "verbena, vervain".

?scyldian ‘"delinquere",’ #PPs#.

?sellend (y^2) m. "lawgiver".

æsil = hæsel

æslitend m. "law-breaker", #LPs#.

æsne- = esne-

æsp = æspe I.

æspe I. f. "aspen-tree, white poplar", #Gl#; Mdf. [‘"asp"^1’] II. = æbs

æspen adj. "aspen".

?spreng, ?spring(e) = ?spryng

æsprind (ps) f. "aspen, bark", "Lcd". [‘"asp"’]

?springnes = asprungenes [[headword spelled “asprungennes”]]

?spryng nf. "spring, fountain", CP. [ea]: "departure", #Creat# 77.

?st I. = ?rest. II. = est

?st?nan = ast?nan

?stan = eastan

æstel m. "book-marker", CP 9. ["L." hastula]

æsul = esol

?sw?pe sbpl. "sweepings, rubbish".

?swic m. "offence, stumbling-block, infamy, seduction, deceit".

?swica, ?swicend m. "offender, deceiver, hypocrite, traitor".

?swice m. "violation of God’s laws" (or? "adultery"), W 164^3.

±?swician "to offend, deceive", Æ: "apostatize", WW 342^12: "desert", Æ.

?swicnes f. "stumbling-block", #LPs# 105^36.

?swicung f. "offence, stumbling-block", Æ: "deceit", Æ: "sedition".

?swind "idle, slothful", WW 422^13. [swið]

?syllend = ?sellend

æt I. prep. (w. d. and, more rarely, a.) (local) "‘at,’ near, by, in, on, upon, with, before, next to, as far as, up to, into, toward": (temporal) "at, at the time of, near, in, on, to, until": (causal) "at, to, through": (source) "from": (instrumental) "by". æt feawum wordum "in few words", BH: "in respect to, as to". II. adv. "at, to, near". æt nehstan, æt siðestan "finally". æt- in composition = "at, to, from".

?t I. mfn. "eatables, food, meat, flesh", "Gu"; Æ, AO. ?t and w?t "food and drink", Æ: "the act of feeding, eating", "PPs"; MkL (e). [‘"eat"’ sb.] II. pret. 3 sg. of etan.

?t- = ate-

-?ta v. self-?ta.

æt?wian = ætiewan

aetan^5 "to eat, devour", AS 17^16; 37^5.

ætbeon anv. "to be present".

ætberan^4 "to carry to, bring, produce, show", "Da": "carry off", "B". [‘"atbear"’]

ætberstan^3 "to break out, or away, escape from", "Æ". [‘"atburst"’]

ætbredan = ætbregdan

ætbredendlic "ablative", #ÆGr# 23^7.

æt-bregdan, -bredan^3 "to take away, carry off, deprive of, snatch away, draw off, withdraw", "Mt"; Æ: "release, rescue, enlarge": "prevent", ÆL 31^126. [‘"atbraid"’]

ætclifian "to adhere", #BJPs# 101^6.

ætcliðan "to adhere", OET 181.

ætdeman "to refuse, give judgment against", EC 202.

ætdon anv. "to take away, deprive".

?te = ate

æteaca (eth-) m. ‘"appendix",’ OEG 53^18.

æteacnes = æt?cnes

ætealdod "too old", Æ (2^159).

æteaw- = ætiew-, æt?w-

ætecan = æt?can

ætegar = ætgar [[under “ætg?re”]]

æteglan "to harm", #PPs# 88^19.

æteode pret. 3 sg. of *ætgan "he came".

?teorian = ateorian [[headword spelled “ateorian”]]

æteow- = ætiew-, æt?w-

ætercyn = atorcyn [[headword spelled “atorcyn”]]

?tere (e^1) m. "‘eater,’ glutton", "Prov"; NG.

?tern I. (NG) "viper". II. = ?tren

ætew- = ætiew-, æt?w-

ætfæstan (= oð-) "to inflict on, afflict with": "fasten to, drive into, impart to", CP 115^19: "commit, entrust": "marry to".

ætfæstnian "to fasten"? "entrust"? AS 21^19.

ætfaran^6 "to escape", #Shr# 14^23.

ætfeallan^7 "to fall, fall out": "fall away, fail, be reduced", "LL"; Æ: "happen". [‘"atfall"’]

ætfele m. "adhesion", #PPs# 72^23.

ætfeng m. "attaching, distraint" v. LL 2·279.

ætfeohtan^2 † "to grope about".

ætfeolan^3 "to stick to": "adhere, apply oneself to, continue in", CP.

ætfeorrian "to take from", #Sc# 160^7.

ætferian "to carry away, bear off".

ætfilan = ætfeolan

ætfleon^2 "to flee away, escape by flight", "Æ". [‘"atflee"’]

ætflowan^7 "to flow together, accumulate", #SPs# 61^10.

ætfon^7 "to seize upon, lay claim to", "LL". [‘"atfong"’]

ætforan I. prep. w. d. "before, in the presence of, in front of, close by", "Jn"; Æ. [‘"atfore"’]. II. adv. "beforehand" (time).

ætfyligan, -fylgan "to adhere, cling to".

æt-gædere (AO), -gæddre (CP), -gædre, -gæderum adv. "together, united, at the same time". [gadrian]

æt-g?re n., -gar m. "spear, dart, javelin", #Gl#.

ætgangan^7 "to go to, approach", "Az" 183. [‘"atgo"’]

ætgeddre, -gedre = ætgædere

ætgenumen "removed, taken away", WW 529^39.

?tgiefa † (eo, i) m. "food-giver, feeder".

ætgifan^5 "to render, give", B 2878.

ætglidan^1 "to slip away, disappear", OEG 7^132.

ætgr?pe "seizing". æ. weorðan "seize", B 1268.

æthabban "to retain", Æ.

æthealdan^7 "to keep back", #Sc# 109^18.

æthebban^6 "to take away, take out, hold back", Æ: "exalt oneself", CP 113^13.

æthindan prep. w. d. "behind, after", "Chr"; Æ. [‘"athinden"’]

æthleapan^7 "to run away, flee, escape", W 162^5.

æthl?p m. "assault". [cp. ?hl?p]

æthrinan^1 "to touch, move", "Mt"; Æ. [‘"atrine"’]

æthrine m. "touch".

æthwa "each, every one".

æthware "somewhat", #HGl# 421^37.

æt-hwega, -hwæga, -hweg(u) adv. "somewhat, tolerably, a little": "how".

æthweorfan^3 "to return, go back", B 2299.

æthwon adv. "almost, nearly".

æth?d ‘"eviscerata",’ ("skinned"? BT), WW 392´.

ætiernan^3 "to run away", "Æ". [‘"atrin"’]

ætiewan (oð-; e, ea, eo, i, ?) pret. sg. -ie(w)de, (tr.) "to show, reveal, display, disclose, manifest", "Mt" (?), CP: (intr.) "show oneself, become visible, appear", "Mt" (?). [‘"atew"’]

?ting f. "eating", #Sc# 170^45 (e): "pasture"? Mdf.

?tinge (y^2) "speechless", OEG 46^45.

ætis pres. 3 sg. of ætwesan, ætbeon.

ætiw- = ætiew-, æt?w-

ætl?dan (= oð-) "to drive away", "Æ". [‘"atlead"’]

?tlic adj. "eatable", WW, LkL (e).

ætlicgan^5 "to lie idle", "ÆGr" 2^22. [‘"atlie"’]

ætlimpan^3 "to fall away from, escape, be lost", Æ.

ætlutian "to lurk, hide", "Æ". [‘"atlutien"’]

ætnehstan (?) adv. "at last".

ætnes f. "edibility", WW 226^11.

ætniman^4 "to take away, deprive of", #Ex# 414.

ætol = etol

?ton pret. pl. of etan.

?tor = ator

?torcynn = atorcynn [[headword spelled “atorcyn”]]

?tran = ?trian

ætreccan w. d. and a. "to declare forfeit, deprive of", #Lcd#.

?tren "poisoned, poisonous", "MtL" (-ern). [‘"attern"’]

?trenmod "of venomous spirit, malignant" (or? two words), #GnE# 163.

?trennes f. "poisonous nature", #Lcd# 55a.

±?trian "to poison", "AO": "become poisonous". [‘"atter"’]

ætrig "poisonous", "Lcd"; Æ. [‘"attery"’]

ætrihte (y) I. adj. "right at, near, present, at hand". II. adv. "almost, nearly".

ætsacan^6 "to deny", "Lk"; Æ: "renounce", "Mk". [‘"atsake"’]

ætsamne (æ, e, o) adv. "united, together, at once", AO.

ætsceotan^2 "to escape, disappear", MF (Vesp. D xiv).

ætscufan^2 "to shove away".

ætsittan^5 "to sit by, remain, stay", "Chr". [‘"atsit"’]

ætslapan^7 "to sleep beside", #Lcd# 83a.

ætslidan^1 "to slip, glide, fall", "Æ".

ætsomne (Æ) = ætsamne

ætspornan^3 (u) "to strike against, stumble, go wrong", CP: "rebel" (æt).

ætspornung f. "offence, stumbling-block, misfortune", CM 230.

ætspringan^3 "to rush forth, spurt out", "B" 1121. [‘"atspring"’]

ætspringnes, -sprung(en)nes f. "defection".

ætspurnan = ætspornan

ætspyrning = ætspornung

ætst = itst pres. 2 sg. of etan.

ætst- = oðst-

ætstæl m. "aid, assistance" (GK); = ætsteall (BT), #Gu# 150.

ætstæppan^6 "to step up to", B 745.

ætstandan^6 "to stand still, stand at, near, in or by", "Æ": "remain, stand up": "check, resist", Æ: "cease", "Lk"; Æ. [‘"atstand"’]

ætstandend m. "bystander, attendant", Æ.

ætstandende "standing by", GD 284^21.

ætsteall m. "assistance, meeting with hostile intent" (GK): "station, camp station" (BT), #Wald# 1^21.

ætstent v. ætstandan.

ætstente v. ætstyntan.

ætstillan "to still", #Lcd# 25b.

ætstrengan "to withhold wrongfully", LL 206´.

ætstyntan "to blunt, dull, weaken".

ætswerian^6 "to deny on oath", LL.

ætswigan "to keep silence about" (be) GD 217^18.

ætswimman^3 "to escape by swimming, swim out", #Chr# 918.

aettan (ayttan) "to eat up".

?tter, ?ttor = ator

?ttr- = ætr-

ætðringan^3 "to take away from, deprive of".

ætweaxan^1 "to increase" (Swt.).

ætwegan^5 "to bear away, carry off", B 1198.

?twela "abundance of food, feast", #Soul# 123.

ætwenian "to wean from", LL 368´.

ætwesan anv. "to be at hand".

ætwesende "at hand, imminent", WW.

ætwindan^3 "to escape", "Æ". [‘"atwind"’]

ætwist I. † f. "presence". II. = edwist

ætwitan^6 "to reproach (with)", "censure, taunt", "Met, Ps"; CP. [‘"atwite"’]

ætwrencan "to seize by fraud".

æt?can "to add to, increase", BH. [iecan]

æt?cnes f. "increase", BH.

?t?nan = ont?nan

?tynge = ?tinge

ætys = ætis pres. 3 sg. of ætwesan.

æt-?wan, -?wian = ætiewan

æt?wednes f. "showing, appearance, manifestation, revelation", GD.

æt?wigendlic "demonstrative", #ÆGr#.

æt?wnes f. "showing, manifestation, revelation": "apparition", Æ: "Epiphany".

æt?wung f. "manifestation, Epiphany", CM 531.

?ðan I. (±)"to make oath, swear". [að] II. = iðan

æðel = æðele

?ðel == eðel

æðelboren "of noble birth, distinguished", Æ: "free-born", Æ: "inborn, natural".

æðelborennes f. "nobility of birth or nature", Æ: "inborn nature", OEG 4518.

æðelcund "of noble birth".

æðelcundnes f. "nobleness", #Bo# 46^13.

æðelcyning m. "noble king (Christ)", Æ.

æðelduguð f. "noble retinue", #Cr# 1012.

æðele "noble, aristocratic, excellent, famous, glorious", "Ex, Gen"; Æ, AO, CP: "splendid, fine, costly, valuable": "lusty, young": "pleasant, sweet-smelling", "Gen": (+)"natural, congenial, suitable". [‘"athel"’]

æðel-ferðingwyrt, -fyrdingwyrt f. "stitch-wort (plant)", #Lcd#.

+æðelian † "to make noble or renowned", "Hy". [‘"i-athele"’]

æðelic = æðellic

aðelic = eaðelic

æðeling m. "man of royal blood, nobleman, chief, prince", AO, #Chr# (v. LL 2·274): †"king, Christ, God", "Cr": †"man, hero, saint"; in pl. "men, people", "Gen". [‘"atheling"’]

æðelinghad n. "princely state", #Lcd# 3·438^5.

æðellic "noble, excellent". adv. -lice.

æðelnes f. "nobility, excellence".

æðelo = æðelu

æðelstenc m. "sweet smell", #Ph# 195.

æðeltungol † n. "noble star".

æðelu fn. "nobility, family, descent, origin", CP: "nature": "noble qualities, genius, talents, pre-eminence", "Bo": "produce, growth". [‘"athel"’]

?ð- = eð-

?ðm (e) m. "air, breath, breathing", CP; "Sat". (e): "vapour", "B": "blast", Æ. [‘"ethem"’]

?ðmian "to fume, exhale, emit a smell".

?ðre = ?dre

?ðreclic "terrible", #RPs# 95^4.

?ðret- = aðryt-

?ðrot n. "disgust, weariness". [aðreotan]

?ðryt I. "troublesome, wearisome, disgusting". II. n. "weariness, disgust, tediousness", Æ.

?ðryte = ?ðryt I.

?ðrytnes f. "tedium", v. OEG 4582.

?ðryttan "to weary", Æ.

æðða (Bd, Death-song) = oððe

?w I. = ?. II. = ?we

?w?de "without clothes", WW 230^38.

?wan "to despise, scorn", #Ps#.

?wbr?ce "despising the law", Æ: "adulterous", LL.

?wbreca (i, y) m. "adulterer", "LL" (y). [‘"eaubruche"^2’]

?wbryce m. "adultery", Æ; "LL". [‘"eaubruche"^1’]

?wda, æwdamann m. "witness, compurgator", LL.

?we I. fn. "married woman", Æ: "married people". II. "lawful": "married": "born of the same marriage".

?welm = ?wielm

?wenbroðor m. "brother by the same marriage", WW 413^29.

?wene "doubtful, uncertain".

?werd adj.? "religious", or sb.? "regular priest", ANS 128·298. [cp. ?weweard]

æwerdla = æfwyrdla

?weweard m. "priest", #Bl# 161^27.

?wfæst "upright, pious, devout, religious", Æ, CP: "married", Æ.

?wfæsten n. "legal or public fast".

?wfæstlic "lawful": "religious", CP (?f-). adv. -lice.

?wfæstnes f. "religion, piety".

?wicnes f. "eternity", #RPs# 102^17 (v. p. 303).

?wielm (e, i, y), -wielme m. "source, fount, spring, beginning", AO, CP. [= eawylm]

?wintre = anwintre

?wis- = ?wisc-

?wisc I. nf. "offence, shame, disgrace, dishonour", AO. ["Goth." aiwisks] II. "disgraced, shameless, indecent".

?wiscberende "disgraceful, shameful", WW 264^42.

?wisce = ?wisc I.

?wisc-ferinend (#Gl#), -firina (NG) m. "shameless sinner, publican".

?wisclic "disgraceful, infamous", OEG.

?wiscmod "ashamed, abashed, cowed".

?wiscnes f. "shameless conduct": "reverence".

?wita m. "counsellor", #El# 455.

?wlic "legal, lawful". adv. -lice.

±?wnian "to marry", Æ.

?wnung f. "wedlock", OEG.

?wul "basket with a narrow neck for catching fish", WW 181^11. [?= cawl, BT]

?wumboren "lawfully born", LL 76´.

?wung = ?wnung

?wunge = eawunge [[under “eawunga”]]

?wyll m. "stream", BC 1·542.

?-wylm, -wylme = ?wielm

æwyrdla = æfwyrdla

?wyrp m. "throwing away": "what is cast away": "an abortion". [aweorpan]

?wysc- = æwisc-

æx == æcs, eax

æxe = asce

æxe?r f. "axe-head", #Chr# 1012#e#. [?r]

æxfaru f. "‘apparatus,’ naval expedition"? (= æsc-? v. ES 37·184), #Gl#.

æxian = ascian [[headword spelled “ascian”]]

æxl = eaxl

æxs = æcs

af?dan = afedan

af?gan "to depict, figure", BH. [fag]

af?grian (æ) "to ornament, adorn", BH.

a-fælan, -fællan = afyllan II.

af?man "to foam out", #PPs# 118^131.

af?ran "to frighten", "PPs, Mk, Chr"; AO, CP. [‘"afear",’ ‘"afeared"’]

afæst = ?wfæst

afæstan I. "to fast", LL, W. II. "to let out on hire", MkR 12^1.

afæstla interj. "certainly! assuredly!" Æ.

afæstnian (e) "to fix upon, fasten, make firm, confirm", AO: "enter, inscribe", Æ: "build".

af?ttian "to fatten, anoint", #APs# 22^6; #LPs# 140^5.

afandelic = afandodlic [[under “afandigendlic”]]

afandian "to try, test, prove, tempt", "Lk, Lcd"; Æ, CP: "find out, experience", Æ. afandod (and afanden?) "approved, excellent", Æ.

afand-igendlic, -odlic "proved, approved, laudable". adv. -odlice.

afandung f. "trial", Æ.

afangennes f. "reception, acceptance".

afara = eafora

afaran "to go out, depart, march, travel", Æ, AO; "Da" 6. [‘"afare"’]

afeallan^7 "to fall down, fall in battle", "Lk"; CP: "fall off, decay". [‘"afalle"’]

afeallan = afyllan

afedan "to feed, nourish, bring up, maintain, support", "Æ"; AO: "bring forth, produce". [‘"afede"’]

afegan "to join", DR (oe).

afehtan (DR) = afeohtan

afellan = afyllan

afelle = ?felle

afeohtan^3 "to fight, fight against, attack", AO: "tear out, destroy".

afeon ‘"odisse",’ #PPs#.

afeormian "to cleanse, purge, purify".

afeormung f. "scouring, cleansing, purging", #Sc#.

a-feorran, -feorrian (CP) = afierran

afeorsian "to remove, do away, expel, dispel", Æ: "go away".

afer = afor

afera = eafora

aferan = af?ran

aferian "to provide horses for team work (as service for a lord)", v. ANS 109·73f.

a-ferian (#Gl#), -ferran = afierran

aferscan "to become fresh", #Bo# 86^20.

afersian = afeorsian

afestnian (WW 49^8) = afæstnian

afetigan = hafetian

afierran (eo, i, y) "to remove, withdraw, depart": "estrange from, take away, expel, drive away", CP. [feorr]

afierrednes (y) f. "removal", NC 270.

afigen "fried", #Gl#.

afilgan "to pursue", #Gen# 14^15.

afindan^3 (= on-) "to find, find out, discover, detect", "Jn"; Æ: "experience, feel", Æ. [‘"afind"’]

afir- = afierr-, afeor-, afyr-

afirðan (= y) "to remove", #Lcd# 1·294n.

aflægen pp. of aflean.

afl?man = aflieman

aflean^6 "to strip off, flay", GD.

aflegan (DR) = afliegan

afleman = aflieman

afleon^2, -fleogan "to fly, flee away", "Gu": "fly from, escape". [‘"aflee"’]

afleotan^2 "to skim", #Lcd#.

aflian = afliegan

afliegan (i, ?) "to put to flight, expel", "Æ" (i). [‘"afley"’]

aflieman (?) "to put to flight, expel, scatter, disperse, rout", "Chr"; CP: "banish". [‘"afleme"’]

afligan = afliegan

afligung f. "attack"? #Lcd# 1·338^12.

-afliung v. mete-a.

aflowan^7 "to flow, flow away or from, pass away", AO, CP.

afl?g-, afl?h- = aflieg-

aflygennes f. "attack" (BT), #Lcd# 1·366^7.

afl?man = aflieman

afogian = awogian

afol n. "power, might", LL (304^22).

afon (= on-) "to receive, take in, take", "Mk, Ps": "lay hold of, seize", "MtR, Jul": "hold up support". [‘"afong"’]

afondian = afandian

afor "bitter, acid, sour, sharp": "dire, fierce severe, harsh, impetuous". ["OHG." eivar, eibar]

afora = eafora

aforhtian "to be frightened, take fright, wonder at", Æ.

a-frefran, -frefrian "to comfort, console, make glad", CP. [frofor]

afrem-dan, -dian "to alienate", Æ: "become alienated".

afremðan (#VPs#) = afremdan

afremðung f. "alienation", VHy.

afreoðan^2 "to froth", #Lcd# 45b.

afreon (-ia, N) "to deliver, free".

afslog = ofslog [[form of “ofslean”]]

after = æfter

afulian "to become foul, putrefy, rot, be corrupt, defiled".

afulic "perverse". v. ES 42·162.

afulliend m. "fuller", MkR 9^3.

afunde rare wk. pret. 3 sg. of afindan.

afundennes f. "invention, device, discovery", Æ.

af?lan "to foul, stain, defile, corrupt", "CP"; Æ. [‘"afile"’]

afyllan I. (w. g. or d.) "to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy", "Æ"; AO: "complete, fulfil". [‘"afill"’]. II. (y = ie) "to cause to fall, fell, beat down, overturn, subvert, demolish, abolish", "Lk"; Æ: "slay, kill". [‘"afelle"’]

afyndan = afindan

afyr- = afierr-

af?ran "to emasculate". af?red (CP), af?rd pp. as sb. "eunuch".

afyrhtan "to frighten, terrify", Æ, AO.

af?rida = af?red

afyrran = afierran

afyrsian = afeorsian

af?san (intr.) "to hasten": "inspire with longing", #Bl#: (tr.) "urge, impel, excite": "drive away". [fus]

aga m. "proprietor, owner", GD 230^11.

ag?lan "to hinder, keep back, preoccupy, detain, hold back, retard, delay", AO: "neglect", CP: "profane".

ag?lwan "to terrify, astonish", AO.

agalan^6 "to sound forth, sing, chant".

agald = ageald pret. 3 sg. of agieldan.

agalian "to become slack", CP 65^18.

agan I. (conj. Wt 546) "to own, possess, have, obtain", "An, Bo, Ma, Mt"; AO, CP: "give, give up, deliver, restore": "have to pay, ‘owe,’" "Mt, Lk": "have to do", ANS 123·417. a. ut "find out, discover". II. pret. 3 sg. of aginnan (onginnan).

agan (conj. v. gan) "to go, go by, pass" (of time), "Mk". of a. "go away": "occur, befal", Æ: "come forth, grow", "Ps": "approach": "lose strength". [‘"ago"’]

agangan = agan

age f. "possessions, property". ["ON." eiga]

agean == ongean

agehw?r = ?hw?r

ageldan I. †"to punish". II. = agieldan

agelwan = ag?lwan

ageman = ag?man

agen I. "‘own,’ proper, peculiar", "BH, Sat, Mt"; AO, CP, #Chr#, Æ. a. cyre "freewill". agnes ðonces "voluntarily, spontaneously": "proper (gram.)", #ÆGr#. II. n. "property", "LL": "own country". III. pp. of agan.

agen == ongean

agenbewendan "to return".

agencuman^4 "to return", Lk 8^40.

agend m. "owner, possessor, master, lord". se a. "the Lord".

agendfrea I. m. "lord, owner". II. f. "mistress"? #Gen# 2237.

agendfreo = agendfrea

agendlice "properly, as one’s own": "imperiously", CP 145^5.

agen-friga, -frige = agendfrea

agengehweorfan^3 "to return".

agenhwyrfan "to return".

ageniernan^3 "to run against, meet".

agenl?dan "to lead back", WW 91^9.

agenlic "own": "owed, due", DR.

agennama m. "proper name", #ÆGr# 25^16.

agennes f. "property", Æ.

agensendan "to send back", Lk.

agenslaga m. "slayer of oneself, suicide", Æ.

agenstandan^6 "to press, urge", Lk.

agenung = agnung

ageode = aeode pret. 3 sg. of agan.

ageolwian "to become yellow".

ageomrian "to mourn, grieve", GD.

ageornan = agyrnan

ageotan^2 "to pour out, pour forth, shed", "MtL"; CP: "melt, found" (of images): "destroy": "deprive (of)", #Jud# 32. [‘"ageten"’]

agetan = agitan

agiefan^5 (eo, i, y) "to give, impart, deliver, give up, yield, relinquish", "Mt" (y): "restore, return, repay, pay", AO. eft a. "give back, return". [‘"agive"’]

agieldan^3 (e, i, y) "to pay, repay, compensate, yield, restore, reward", AO: "offer oneself, offer up (as a sacrifice)": "perform (an office)", Æ (y): "allow": "to punish"? #Ph# 408.

agiemeleasian (i, y) "to neglect, despise", CP. agimeleasod "neglectful, careless", NC 337.

agieta = agita

agifan (AO, CP) = agiefan

agifian "to bestow, grant", DR 124^19.

agift = ?gift

agildan (CP) = agieldan

agilde = ?gilde

agilpan^3 "to exult in" (w. d.), #Soul# 165.

agiltan = agyltan

agimeleasian (C) = agiemeleasian

agimmed "set with precious stones", Æ.

aginnan = onginnan

agita m. "prodigal, spendthrift", CP.

agitan = ongietan

agitan I. "to waste, destroy", "Chr". [‘"aget"’] II. = ageotan

aglachad m. "state of misery", #Rd# 54^5.

ag-l?c, -lac † n. "trouble, distress, oppression, misery, grief".

agl?ca † (e) m. "wretch, monster, demon, fierce enemy".

agl?ccræft (ac-) m. "evil art", #An# 1364.

agl?cwif n. "female monster", B 1259.

agl?dan? "to cause to slip". v. AB 19·163.

agleca = agl?ca

aglidan^1 "to glide, slip, stumble".

agn- = angn-

agnere m. "owner", #ÆGr# 110^19.

agnes = agenes gmn. of agen adj.

agnett n. "interest, usury", LkL 19^23.

agnettan "to appropriate", #Gl#.

agnettung f. ‘"usurpatura"’? Lk 19^23 (ES 42·163).

±agnian "to ‘own,’" "Rd": "claim": "appropriate, usurp", "Bo, Mt"; CP: "make over (to)", Æ.

agnidan^1 "to rub off", WW 386^16.

agniden I. f. "rubbing", #Gl#? (v. A 31·533). II. "used, threadbare", WW 220^24.

agniend (ah) m. "owner, possessor".

±agniendlic "possessive, genitive (case)", #ÆGr#.

+agnod "own", CP 262^23.

agnung f. "owning, ownership, possession": "claim, declaration or proof of ownership".

agotenes f. "effusion, shedding".

agrafan^6 "to curve, hew, sculpture", Æ: "engrave, inscribe", Æ.

agrafenlic "sculptured", #ARSPs# 105^19.

agrapian "to grasp tightly", ÆL 8^121.

agretan (oe) "to attack", LkLR 9^42.

agrimetian (y) "to rage", GD.

agrisan^1 "to quake, fear", "LL". [‘"agrise"’]

agrowen "overgrown".

agryndan "to descend", #Men# 111.

agr?san = agrisan

agu f. "magpie", WW 132^11.

Agustus m. "August".

agyf- = agief-

agyld- = agield-, ?gild-

agylpan = agilpan

agyltan "to offend, sin, do wrong", "Æ"; CP. [‘"aguilt"’]

agyltend m. "debtor".

agylting f. "guilt, offence", DR.

agyltnes f. "guilt", NC 270.

ag?man (e) "to regard, contemplate", AS: "heal, cure".

ag?meleasian = agiemeleasian

agymmed = agimmed

agynnan = onginnan

agyrnan "to desire, be eager for", GD 205^19 (eo).

agytan = ongietan

ah (AO, CP) = ac (conj. and adv.)

ah pres. 3 sg. of agan.

ah- = ag-

ahabban "to restrain": (refl.) "abstain" (fram): "support".

ahaccian "to pick out", ÆL 23^78.

ahæbban = ahebban

ahældan = ahildan

ahafennes f. "rising, lifting up": "elevation, pride".

ahalsian "to implore".

ahangian "to hang", LkL 23^39.

ahatan "to name", MtL 27^16.

ahatian "to become hot", WW 214^31.

ahealdan^7 (= on-) "to hold, keep", DR, JnL.

ahealtian "to limp, crawl", #LPs# 17^46.

aheardian "to be or become hard, grow hard or inured", CP: "endure".

aheardung f. "hardening", #Lcd#.

aheawan^7 "to cut off, out or down", Æ, CP: "cut wood into planks".

ahebban^6 (occl. wk. pret. ahefde and pp. ahefed) (often w. up) "to lift up, stir up, raise, exalt, erect", "Lk"; CP: "take away, remove": "support, uphold": "leaven". [‘"aheave"’]

ahebbian = aebbian

ahefednes = ahafennes

ahefegian (CP), -hef(i)gian (æ) "to make heavy, oppress".

aheld (#VPs#) = ahyld pp. of ahyldan.

ahellian? "to cover over, conceal, hide", OEG 5410.

ahelpan^3 "to help, support" (w. g.).

ahenan "to humble", LkL: "accuse", NG. [hienan; hean]

aheolorian "to weigh, consider", #Gl#.

aheran = ah?ran

aherian "to praise", DR.

aherian = ah?rian

aherstan (#BPs#) = ahyrstan

aheten pp. of ahatan. [[error for “ahatan”?]]

ahicgan = ahycgan

ahienan v. ahenan.

ahierdan (i, y) "to make hard, harden", CP: "encourage, animate". [heard]

ahieðan = ah?ðan

ahildan (æ, e, y) "to bend, incline", Æ: "rest, lay down" (tr. and intr.): "turn away, avert": "cast down, destroy".

ahirdan (CP) = ahierdan

ahiðan = ah?ðan

ahladan^6 "to draw out, lead out, draw forth", Æ: "exclude", #Bk# 18.

ahl?ca = agl?ca

ahl?nan "to set oneself up", #Mod# 53.

ahl?nsian "to become lean", Æ.

ahleapan^7 "to leap, spring up", AO.

ahlefan (oe) "to pull out", DR 55^10.

ahleoðrian "to sound, resound", GD.

ahliehhan^6 "to laugh at, deride": "laugh out, exult".

ahlin-ian, -nan = alinnan

ahlocian "to dig out", #Gl#, MtR 5^29. [?= *alocian, cp. lucan (BT) and v. ES 42·165]

ahlowan "to roar again", WW 492^11.

ahluttrian "to cleanse, purify".

ahlyhhan = ahliehhan [[headword spelled “ahliehhan”]]

ahl?ttrian = ahluttrian

ahn- = agn-

ahneopan^2 "to pluck off", #Gu# 819.

ahnescian "to become soft or effeminate", AO: "weaken". [hnesce]

ahnigan^1 "to fall down": "bow down".

ahogian "to think out, be anxious about", GD.

aholan = aholian

aholian "to hollow, scoop out", CP. ut a. "to root out, pluck out": "engrave, emboss".

ahon^7 "to hang, suspend, crucify", "MkLR"; AO, CP. [‘"ahang"’]

ahopian "to hope for" (to), #Bl# 17^23.

ahr?can "to spit out", #Lcd# 9a.

ahræscian "to shake off"? (BT), #LPs# 108^13.

ahreddan "to set free, save, rescue, re-capture", "AO"; Æ. [‘"aredde"’]

ahredding f. "salvation, deliverance", HL 9^281, EC 230.

ahreofian "to become leprous", MH 174^12.

ahreosan^2 "to rush": "fall, fall down", Æ: "be destroyed".

ahrepian "to treat", FBO 80^5.

ahreran (= on-) "to move, shake, make to tremble", CP.

ahrinan^1 (= on-) "to touch, handle", "Lk". [‘"arine"’]

ahrisian (y) "to shake, stir up", "CP": "shake off". [‘"arese"’]

ahr?nan = ahrinan

ahr?ran "to cause to fall, destroy", #Gl#.

ahrysian = ahrisian

ahse = asce

ahsian = ascian

aht = eaht

aht = awiht

ahta = eahta

ahte, ahton pret. 3 sg. and pl. of agan.

ahtes (= g. of aht) "of any account or value".

ahtlice "stoutly, manfully", #Chr# (E).

ahwa pron. "any one".

ahw?nan "to vex, grieve, afflict", "Lcd"; Æ. [‘"awhene"’]

ahwænne adv. "when, whenever": "at sometime, any time", RB: "at all times".

ahw?r (a, e) "anywhere", "Bo, LL, Æ": "at any time, ever, in any way". [‘"owhere"’]

ahw?rgen "anywhere": "in any case".

ahwæt n. "anything".

ahwæðer (awðer, aðer, aðor) I. pron. "some one, something"; "any one": "anything". II. adv. and conj. "either", "AO, CP". aðer...oððe = "either...or", "AO, LL". [‘"outher"’]

ahwanon = ahwonan

ahwar = ahw?r

ahwelfan = ahwylfan

ahweorfan^3 (tr.) "to turn, turn away, convert": (intr.) "turn aside, turn away", "Gen": "avert". [‘"ahwerf"’]

ahwer == ahw?r

ahwerfan = ahwierfan

ahwettan "to whet, excite, kindle", AO: "hold out to, provide": "reject".

ahwider "in any direction, from any source", Æ.

ahwierfan "to turn away, turn from, avert", CP.

ahwilc = ?ghwilc

ahwistlian v. awistlian.

ahwitian "to whiten", #BJPs# 50^9.

ahwonan "from any source, anywhere".

ahwonne = ahwænne

ahwyder = ahwider

ahwylfan "to cover over, submerge, subvert", Æ: "to roll to", MP 1·592. up a. "pull up, loosen".

ahwyrfan = ahwierfan

ahycgan † "to think out, devise".

ah?dan "to hide, conceal".

ahyldan = ahildan

ahyldendlic "enclitic", #ÆGr# 265^1. [ahildan]

ahyltan "to trip up", #PPs# 139^5.

ah?ran (e) "to hire".

ahyrdan = ahierdan

ahyrdung f. "hardening", #Sc# 232^19.

ah?rian = ah?ran

ahyrstan (= ie) "to roast, fry", #Lcd# 33b; #BPs# 101^4 (e).

ahyspan "to reproach", #LPs# 101^9.

ah?ðan (ie, i) "to plunder, destroy, devour". [huð]

aidan (?)? ‘"eliminare",’ v. OEG 7^109n; BT.

a-idlian, -idlan, -idelian "to be or make useless, frustrate, empty, annul", Æ, CP: "profane": "be free from": "deprive (of)". [idel]

aiernan^3 "to run away, run out, go over": "pass by, go".

aieðan (?, i, ?) "to lay low, demolish, destroy, cast out".

al = eall, æl

al n. "fire, burning", OEG 4389; 4470. [cp. ?lan]

aladian "to excuse", #Bo# 144^5. aladiendra ‘"excussorum",’ #BPs# 126^4.

alæccan "to catch, take", #Chr# 1123.

al?dan (tr.) "to lead, lead away, carry off, withdraw, conduct, bring", Æ: (intr.) "be produced, grow, come forth".

alænan "to lend", "Æ": "grant, lease". [‘"alene"’]

alær = alor

al?ran "to teach", #PPs# 118^108.

al?son pret. pl. of alesan.

al?tan^7 "to let go, give up, leave, lose, resign, lay aside", "Jn"; AO, CP: "let, allow": "release, pardon, forgive": "deliver", Æ. [‘"alet"’]

al?tnes f. "loss": "remission (of sins)".

alan^6 "to nourish, produce". ["Goth." alan]

alangian (impers.) "to affect with longing", "Soul" 154. [‘"along"’]

alatian "to grow sluggish or dull", #Gl#.

alað I. = ealað (v. ealu). II. pres. 3 sg. of alan.

alaðian^1 (#Gl#) "to be hateful": "hate": "threaten".

alb f. "while garment, ‘alb,’" "LL". ["L."]

ald (EWS, EK, A) == eald

ald = adl

alecgan "to put, place, lay down, lay aside, give up, cease from, abandon", "LL"; Æ, AO, CP. alecgende word, alecgendlic word "deponent verb": "put down, allay, suppress, abolish, conquer, destroy, overcome, refute", "Æ, LL": "lay upon, inflict": "diminish, lessen, withhold", Æ. [‘"allay"’]

aled I. pp. of alecgan. II. = al?d pp. of al?dan.

alefan = aliefan

alefednes f. "infirmity", ÆL 21^99.

alefian "to injure, maim"; "enfeeble", Æ. pp. "ill", Æ. [lef]

alenian (K) = alynnan

aleodan^2 † "to spring up, grow".

aleofian = alifian

aleogan^2 "to lie, deny, deceive, be false to, leave unfulfilled", Æ, AO.

aleon^1 (= on-) "to lend, give up", DR.

aleonian = alynnan

aleoran "to depart, flee away", #VPs# 51^7.

aleoðian = aliðian

aler == alor

ales- = alies-

alesan^5 "to pick out, choose".

alet (#Da# 254) = ?led

aletan = al?tan

aleðran = al?ðran

alewe, al(u)we f. ‘"aloe",’ "Jn, Lcd".

alewed ptc. "feeble, weak, ill". [lef]

alexandre f. "horse-parsley", "Lcd". [‘"alexanders"’]

alfæle (#An# 770) = ealfelo

alfæt n. "cooking vessel, cauldron". [?lan]

algeweorc n. "fire-making, tinder", #Gl#.

algian = ealgian

alh == ealh

alibban "to live, pass one’s life", AO.

alibbende "everlasting".

alicgan^5 "to be subdued, fail, cease, yield, perish", AO.

aliefan (e, i, ?) "to allow, give leave to, grant", AO, CP: "hand over, yield up".

aliefedlic "lawful, permissible". adv. -lice (CP, Æ).

aliefednes (?) f. "permission".

aliesan (e, i, ?) "to loosen, let loose, free, redeem, release, absolve", "Mt" (?), AO, CP. [‘"alese"’]

alies-ednes, -(e)nes (e, ?) f. "redemption, ransom", "MtWLR: "remission (of sins)", ERHy 9^77.

aliesend (e, i, ?) m. "liberator, deliverer, Redeemer", CP.

aliesendlic (?) "loosing, liberating", BH.

aliesing, -liesnes (?) = aliesednes

alif n. "eternal life", MFH 108^160.

alifan = aliefan

alifian = alibban

alih (DR) imperat. sg. of aleon.

alihtan "to lighten, relieve, alleviate, take off, take away": ‘"alight",’ "ÆGr": (= onlihtan) "light up", "Æ".

alimpan^3 † "to occur, happen".

alinnan = alynnan

alisend = aliesend

aliðian (eo) "to detach, separate", "Gen": "set free". [‘"alithe"’]

all (strictly Anglian, but found in AO, CP) == eal, eall

almes- = ælmes-

aln- = ealn-

alo- = ealu-

aloccian "to entice", AO.

alor, al(e)r m. ‘"alder",’ "Gl, KC, Lcd"; Mdf.

alordrenc m. "drink made of alder sap"? #Lcd# 40a.

alorholt nm. "alder-wood", WW.

alorrind m. "alder-bark", #Lcd# 12b.

aloð = ealu

alr == alor

alswa = ealswa

alter, altar(e), altre m. ‘"altar",’ "Æ"; CP. ["L." altare]

alucan^2 "to pluck up, pull out, separate, take away".

alutan^2 (= onl-) "to bend, incline, bend or bow down", Æ. aloten pp. "submissive".

aluwe, alwe = alewe

alwald- = eal(l)weald-

alybban = alibban

al?fan (Æ) = aliefan

al?fed I. = aliefed pp. of aliefan. II. = alefed pp. of alefian.

al?fed- = aliefed-

al?ht- = onliht-

alyhtan = alihtan [[headword spelled “alihtan”]]

al?man "to come forth, shew forth".

alynnan, -lynnian (e, eo, i) "to deliver, let go, release, loosen", Æ.

al?s- = alies-

al?ðran (e) "to lather", #Lcd#. [leaðor]

am (NG) = eom

am m. "reed or slay of a loom", #Rd# 36^8.

amællian = ameallian

am?nsumian = amansumian

am?ran I. "to extol", GD 206^24. II. (usu. utam?r(i)an) "to exterminate", BH.

amæstan "to feed with mast, fatten, feed up", CP.

amagian (hamacgian) "to revive, be restored to health", #Lcd# 3·184^21.

aman = onman [[form of “onmunan”]]

amang prep. w. d. "among, amongst": "while, whilst, during". a. ðam, ðissum "meanwhile". [= gemang] [[listed as “+mang”]]

amanian "to exact, require", LL.

amansian = amansumian

amansung = amansumung

amansumian "to excommunicate, anathematize, curse, proscribe, outlaw", "BH"; Æ, AO. [‘"amanse"’]

aman-sumung, -sumnung f. "excommunication, curse", "Æ". [‘"amansing"’]

amarod "disturbed, troubled, confounded". [cp. amyrred] [[form of “amyrran”?]]

amasian "to amaze, confound".

amawan^7 "to cut down", #PPs# 101^4.

amb (A 9·265) = am

ambeht == ambiht

amber (e^1, o^1, æ^2, o^2, u^2) mfn. "vessel, pail, pitcher, tankard": "cask, dry or liquid measure" (? "four bushels"). ["L." amphora]

ambiht (e^1, o^1, y^1, e^2) I. n. "office, service": "commission, command, message". II. m. "attendant, messenger, officer".

+ambihtan (embe-) "to minister, serve", NG.

ambihtere (embe-) m. "servant", #LkL# 22^26.

ambihthera "obedient servant", #Gu# 571 (o^1).

ambihthus n. "workshop, ‘officina,’" CM 1087.

ambihtmann m. "manservant".

ambihtmecg † (o^1, e^2, y^2) m. "servant".

ambihtnes, -sumnes (emb-) f. "service", NG.

ambihtscealc † m. "functionary, retainer".

ambihtsecg sm. "minister", #Gen# 582.

ambihtsmið m. "court smith or carpenter", LL 3[7].

ambihtðegn (omb-) † m. "attendant, servant".

ambyht = ambiht

ambyre "favourable, fair", AO. [and, byre]

ambyrian (OEG 11^142) = onbyrgan II.

ameallian (æ) "to become insipid", v. OEG 61^4.

ameareian "to mark out, delineate, define, describe": "destine, assign, appoint".

amel m. "sacred vessel", WW 348. ["L."]

amelcan^3 "to milk", #Lcd#.

ameldian "to let out, make known, betray", Æ, AO.

ameos "‘ammeos,’ bishop-weed", #Lcd# 71b. ["Gk."]

amerian = hamorian

amerian "to test, examine": "purify, refine".

amerran = amierran

ametan^5 "to measure, estimate": "mete out, assign, grant, bestow", Æ.

ametan "to paint, depict", CP: "adorn", Æ.

ametendlic "compendious, measurable, limited". adv. -lice.

amethwil = ?methwil

ametsian "to provision", #Chr# 1006#e#.

amiddan = onmiddan

amidian "to be foolish", RHy 6^6.

amidlod "unbridled", WW 226^38.

amierran (e, i, y) "to hinder, obstruct, prevent, delay", CP: "mar, injure, disturb, scatter, consume, waste, spoil, destroy", "Lk, Bo"; AO, CP: "lose". [‘"amar"’]

amigdal m. "almond", #Lcd#. ["Gk."]

amod = ?mod

amolcen pp. of amelcan.

amolsnian "to decay, weaken", W 147^29.

amolten "molten", ÆL 5^234.

amore f. "a kind of bird, yellow-hammer"? [cp. emer]

am-pella, -pulla m. "flask, vessel". ["L."]

ampre I. "‘varix,’ tumour, swelling", "Gl". [‘"amper"’] II. f. "dock, sorrel", #Lcd#.

amundian "to protect, defend", Æ.

amyltan (tr.) "to melt", Æ.

amyrdrian (LL 348, 56#a#) = amyrðrian [[under “amyrðran”]]

amyrgan "to delight, cheer", #Sol# 240.

amyrian = amerian

amyrran = (1) amierran; (2) (LL 348, 56#g,b#) amyrðran

a-myrðran, -myrðrian "to murder, kill", "LL"; #Chr# 1049#c#. [‘"amurder"’]

an I. adv. and prep. = on. II. pres. 1 sg. of unnan.

an- in composition represents (1) and-; (2) un-; (3) in-; (4) on-.

an I. adj. strong mfn. (asm. anne, ?nne) ‘"one",’ "Mt, Æ". in plur. "each, every one, all". an and (æfter) an "one by one". anes hwæt "some single thing, a part", B: "a, an": "alone, sole, only"; in this sense it is used also in the weak form (se ana; he ana, AO, CP) and with a pl.: "singular, unique": "single, each, every one, all" (gp. anra): "any". II. adv. (also wk. ana) "alone, only". on an "continually, continuously, ever, in one, once for all, immediately". ðæt an "only that".

ana = heonu

ana v. an.

anad, anæd † n. "waste, desert, solitude". ["Ger." einöde]

anæglian "to nail", #Nar# 4^25.

an?l- = on?l-

anæðelian "to degrade", #Bo, Met#.

+anan "to unite", BH 214^3.

ananbeam m. "spindle-tree", #Lcd# 29b.

anawyrm m. "intestinal worm", #Lcd# 43b.

anbærnes = onbærnes [[under “onbærning”]]

anbestingan^3 "to thrust in, insert", CP.

anbid (= on-) n. "waiting, expectation, hope"; AO, CP: "interval", AO.

±an-bidian (on-) intr. "to wait, stay": tr. w. g. "wait for, expect".

anbidstow (on-) f. "place of meeting", LL.

anbidung m. "waiting for, expectation": "delay", OEG 3396.

anbiht = ambiht

anbindan = onbindan

anbiscopod = unbiscopod

anboren † ptc. "only-begotten".

anbringelle = onbringelle

anbroce (#El# 1029) = unbr?ce?

anbrucol (= on-) "rugged", GPH 402.

anbryrd- = onbryrd-

anbuend m. "hermit, anchorite", #Gu# 59.

anbugan (AO, CP) = onbugan

anbyhtscealc = ambihtscealc

anb?me "made of one trunk, dug-out (ship)", WW 181^33.

±anbyrdan (and-) "to strive against, resist, oppose, attack".

anbyrdnes f. "resistance", LL 214[14].

anbyrignes (= on-) f. "tasting, taste", WW.

an-cenned (æ^2), -cend, "only-begotten", Æ.

ancer == ancor

an-cleow n., -cleowe f. ‘"ankle",’ "Lcd, Æ".

ancnawan = oncnawan

ancor m. ‘"anchor",’ "B, Bo"; CP. ["L." ancora; from "Gk."]

an-cor, -cora m. "anchorite, hermit", Æ. ["L." anachoreta; from "Gk."]

ancorbend (oncer-) m. "cable", B 1918.

ancorlic "like a hermit", WW 463^7.

ancorlif n. "solitary life", BH.

ancorman m. "man in charge of the anchor", WW 166^7.

ancorrap m. "anchor rope, cable".

ancorsetl n. "prow of a ship".

ancorsetl n. "hermitage", Æ.

ancorsetla m. "hermit", Æ.

ancorstow f. "solitary place", BH 424^12.

ancorstreng (ancer-) m. "cable".

ancra = ancor

ancra (a^1?) m. "anchorite, hermit, monk", "WW"; Æ. [‘"anchor"’]

ancsum == angsum

ancuman^4 "to arrive", #Gen# 1884.

ancummum "one by one, singly", NG.

ancyn adj. "only", A 2·358; #LPs# 21^21.

and conj. "‘and,’ but". gelice and... "like as if..." AO.

and- = an-, on-, ond- ("opposition, negation". "Ger." ent-): and occasionally a-.

anda m. "grudge, enmity, envy, anger, vexation", "Mt"; Æ: "zeal", Æ, CP: "injury, mischief": "fear, horror", NG. [‘"ande",’ ‘"onde"’]

andæge † "for one day, lasting a day".

andæt- = andet-

andaga m. "appointed day", Æ.

±andagian "to fix a day for appearance": "adjourn", EC 163.

andb- = anb-, onb-

andbecnian "to make signs to", WW.

andbita m. "feast (of unleavened bread)".

andcleow = ancleow

andcweðan ‘"contradicere, frustrari",’ #HGl# 491.

andcwiss f. "answer", #Gu# 992.

andc?ðnes f. "evidence", BH 158^5.

andd- = and-, ond-

ande == ende

andeages (æ) "eye to eye, in the face, openly"? B 1935.

andeaw "arrogant, ostentatious", #Sc#.

andefn, -efen f. "measure, quantity, amount", AO: "capacity, nature", CP.

andel-bær, -b?re "reversed", OEG.

andergilde "at little cost"? (BT).

andet- = andett-

andetla m. "declaration, confession", LL 18[22].

±andetnes (ond- CP) f. "confession", Æ: "thanksgiving, praise".

andetta m. "one who confesses". a. beon "to acknowledge".

±andettan "to confess, acknowledge", Æ, CP: "give thanks or praise": "promise, vow". [and, hatan]

andett-end, -ere m. "confessor".

andettian = andettan

andettung m. "confession, profession", CP.

andfang m. "acceptance".

andfangol ‘"susceptor",’ #LPs# 45^12.

andfealdlice = anfealdlice

andfeax "bald", W 46^1.

andfeng (on-) m. "seizing, receiving, taking", Æ, RB: "defence": "defender": "attack, assault": "revenue, means", Lk 14^28, #Bk# 10: "illegal occupation of (land)".

andfenga m. "receiver, defender, undertaker", #Ps#.

andfenge I. "acceptable, agreeable, approved, fit, suitable", Æ, CP: "that can receive": "taken". II. m. "undertaker": "receptacle".

andfengend m. "defender", #Ps#: "receiver". gafoles a. "tax collector".

andfengestow f. "receptacle", WW 213^43.

andfengnes f. "acceptance, receiving": "receptacle": "acceptableness", W 253^21.

andfex = andfeax

andgeloman = andloman

andget == andgit [[under “andgiet”]]

andgete † adj. "plain, manifest". [andgiete] [[under “andgiet”]]

andgiet (ond-; e, i, y) n., andgiete f. "understanding, intellect", "Mt"; Æ, CP: "knowledge, perception", CP: "sense, meaning", Æ, CP: "one of the five senses": "plan, purpose". [‘"angit"’]

andgiet- = andgit-

andgitful "intelligent, sensible".

andgitfullic "intelligible, clear". adv. -lice.

andgitleas "foolish, senseless", Æ.

andgitleast f. "want of understanding", Æ.

andgitlic = andgitfullic

andgitol "intelligent, sensible".

andgittacen ‡ (ie^2) n. "sensible token, sign".

andgyt = andgiet

andgyt- = andgit-

[[Printed on one line: andgyt == andgiet, -git]]

andheafod n. "heading, unploughed headland of a field", EC.

andhetan, andhettan = andettan

andhweorfan^3 "to move against, blow against", B 548. [or ? onhweorfan]

andian "to be envious or jealous".

andig "envious, jealous", OEG.

andlaman = andloman

andlang (o^1, o^2) I. adj. "entire, continuous, extended". andlangne dæg, niht "all day (night) long", "An, Gu". ["‘along"’] II. prep. w. g. ‘"along,’ by the side of", "Æ, Chr, KC"; AO.

andlangcempa (anl-) "soldier fighting in line", WW 450^18.

andlata (#Cr# 1436) = andwlita

andlean † n. "retribution, retaliation".

and-leofen (ie, i, y) f., -leofa m. "sustenance, nourishment, food": "money, wages". [libban]

andlicnes = onlicnes

andliefen (AO, CP), andlifen = andleofen

andloman (a^2, u^2) m. pl. "utensils, implements, vessels".

andlong = andlang

andlyfen = andleofen

andmitta = anmitta

andrecefæt? n. "wine or oil press", WW 123^37.

andriesne = ondrysne

an-drysen-, -drysn- = ondrys(e)n-

and-rysno f. "respect, reverence": "etiquette".

andsaca m. "adversary": "denier, apostate".

andsacian "to dispute, deny", CP.

andsæc m. "denial, oath of purgation", "El, LL": "refusal": "strife, resistance". [‘"andsech"’]

ands?te adj. "hateful, odious, repugnant", "Æ": "hostile". [‘"andsete"’]

andslyht † m. "blow".

andspeornan^3 "to stumble against", NG.

andspyrnes f. "offence", MtR 16^23.

andstreces = anstreces

and-sumnes, -sundnes (= on-) f. "purity, chastity, virginity". v. OEG 1696.

±andswarian "to ‘answer,’" "Lk"; Æ, CP.

andswaru f. "‘answer,’ reply", "B, Jn"; CP.

and-swerian (#VPs#), -sworian = andswarian

ands?n = ansien

and-timber, -tymber = ontimber

andðracian = onðracian

andðræce = onðræce

andung f. "jealousy", #LPs# 77^58.

andustrian ‘"detestari",’ MtR 26^74.

andustrung f. ‘"abominatio",’ MtR 24^15.

andw?scan = adw?scan

andw?t "moist".

andward- = andweard-

andweal- = onweal-

andweard (+ at AS 63^14) "present, actual, existing", Æ, CP: "opposite to".

±andweardian "to present, bring before one". (+andweardian also = andwyrdian.)

andweardlic "present, actual". adv. -lice.

andweardnes f. "presence", CP: "present time".

andwendednes = onwendednes

andweorc n. "matter, substance, material", CP: "cause".

andwerd == and-weard, -wyrd

andwig m. "resistance", #Gu# 147.

andwille = anwille

andwirdan = andwyrdan

andwis "expert, skilful", #Jul# 244.

andwisnes f. "experience", WW 20^5.

andwist f. "support"? "station"? #An# 1542.

andwlata = andwlita

+andwlatod ‘"frontosus",’ OEG 8^365.

andwlita (a, eo) m. "face, forehead, countenance, form", "B, MtR"; AO, CP. [‘"anleth"’]

andwlite n. = andwlita

andwliteful ‘"vultuosus",’ GPH 393.

andwrað "hostile, enraged", #Pa# 17.

and-wurd, -wyrd == andweard [[under “andwurd”]]

±and-wyrdan, -wyrdian (e, i) "to answer", "Æ, Mt"; AO, CP: (+an-) ‘"conspirare",’ WW 209^42. [‘"andwurde"’]

andwyrde n. "answer", AO.

andwyrding f. ‘"conspiratio",’ WW 373^11.

and?de pret. of andon (ondon).

andytt- = andett-

ane (1) = ?ne, (2) heonu.

an-eage, -e(a)gede ("ÆL") "‘one-eyed,’ blind of one eye".

anecge adj. "having one edge", Æ.

+aned v. anian.

anege, anegede = aneage

anehst = anihst [[headword spelled “anihst”]]

anemnan "to announce, declare", "Gu". [‘"aname"’]

anerian "to deliver, rescue", #LPs# 24^15; #EPs# 49^22.

anes = ?nes

anescian = ahnescian

anett mn., anetnes f. "solitude, seclusion", CP.

anf- = onf-

an-feald, -fald, -fealdlic "single, unmixed, singular, unique, superior", "Æ"; CP: "simple, modest, honest, sincere", "Mt"; CP: "fixed, invariable". a. gerecednes "or" spr?c "prose". [‘"afald"’] adv. -lice.

anfealdnes f. "unity, concord", AO: "simplicity", CP.

anfealt f. "anvil", OEG 11^67 and n. [cp. anfilte] [[under “anfilt”]]

anfeng == andfeng

anfete "one-footed", #Rd# 59^1.

an-filt ("Æ"), -filte ("Gl"), n. ‘"anvil".’

anfindan = onfindan

anfloga m. "lonely flier", #Seaf# 62.

anfon (AO) == onfon

anforht "fearful", #Cross# 117.

anforl?tan^7 "to let go, lose, relinquish, abandon, surrender", CP: "omit, neglect".

anforl?tnes f. "loss, desertion", #Bl# 85^31: "intermission".

anforngean "in front of", MF (Vesp. D xiv).

anga (o) m. "stimulus, sting, goad", CP.

anga (?, e) "sole, only": "solitary".

angbreost n. "tightness of the chest, asthma", #Lcd#.

ange = enge

angeald pret. 3 sg. of angildan.

angean == ongean

angel I. m. "‘angle,’ hook, fish-hook", "Bo, MtL" (ongul). II. m. = engel

Angel n. "Anglen, a district in Schleswig, from which the Angles came", AO.

Angelcynn n. "the English people": "England", AO.

angeld = angilde

angelic "like, similar", #Bo# 44^18.

angeltwicce fm. "a certain worm used as bait, earthworm"? "WW, Lcd". [‘"angletwitch"’]

Angelðeod f. "the English people": "England".

angenga I. "solitary, isolated", Æ. II. m. "solitary goer, isolated one", B.

anger?d = ungerad

angetrum n. "illustrious company", #Ex# 334.

angeweald = onweald

±angian "to be in anguish", #RPs# 60^3; 142^4.

angien = anginn

angil = angel I.

angildan = ongieldan

angilde (e, y) I. n. "single payment or rate of compensation for damage", "LL": "the fixed price at which cattle and other goods were received as currency", LL. [‘"angild"’] II. adj. "to be compensated for". III. adv. "simply, only", LL.

angildes = angilde III.

anginn n. "beginning", "Æ"; AO, CP: "intention, design, enterprise, undertaking", CP: "action, onset, attack": "rising (of sun)". [‘"angin"’]

anginnan (AO) = onginnan

angitan = ongietan

angitful = andgitful

Angle mp. "the Angles or English" (who came from Anglen; v. Angel, Engle).

angmod "sad, sorrowful".

angmodnes f. "sadness, sorrow", W 188^6.

angnægl m. "corn, ‘agnail,’" "Lcd" 30b.

angnere (on-) m. "corner of the eye", WW 423^34.

angnes f. "anxiety, uneasiness, trouble, pain, anguish, fear".

angol- = angel-, ongol-

angrisla (y) m. "terror", #Bl# 203^7.

angrislic (y^2) "grisly, terrible". adv. -(en)lice.

ang-set, -seta m. "eruption, pustule, carbuncle", WW.

angsum "narrow, hard, difficult".

±angsumian "to vex, afflict", Æ.

angsumlic "troublesome, anxious, painful". adv. -lice Æ.

angsumnes f. "pain", Æ: "sorrow, trouble": "difficulty, perplexity".

angum = ?nigum dat. of ?nig.

angyld, angylde = angilde

angyn = onginn

angytan = ongietan

anh- = onh-

anhaga (o^2) † m. "solitary being, recluse".

anhende (= on-) "on hand, requiring attention", AO 88^24.

anhende "one-handed, lame, weak", Æ.

anhiwe ‘"uniformis",’ OEG 1046.

anhoga m. "care, anxiety", #Gu# 970.

anhoga = anhaga

anhorn, anhorna m. "unicorn", #Ps#.

anhr?dlice = anr?dlice

anhundwintre "a hundred years old".

anh?dig † "resolute, firm, constant, stubborn, brave".

anhyrne I. "one-horned, having one horn". II. m. "unicorn".

anhyrn-ed, -e(n)de "having one horn", #Ps#.

+anian "to unite", BH 214. [‘"one"’ vb.]

anidan (e, ?) "to restrain, repel": "force". ut a. "expel, drive out". [nied]

anig = ?nig

an-ige, -igge = aneage

anihst † "last, in the last place".

animan^4 (y) "to take", GD: "take away or from, deprive of", "Mt" (y); CP. [‘"anim"’]

aninga = anunga

aniðrian "to cast down", #Chr# 675#e#.

anl- = andl-, onl-

anl?c = anlec

±anl?can "to unite", Æ.

anlaga "acting alone", WW 491^23.

anlang- = andlang-

anlap- (NG) = anlip-

anlec m. "respect, regard".

anlegere "consorting with one man", WW 171^15.

an-lep- = anlip-

anlic "only, unique": "solitary": "catholic": "beautiful". [cp. ?nlic]

anliepig = anlipig [[under “anlipe”]]

an-lipe (CP), -lipig (#Chr#), -lipie (æn-; e, ?) I. adj. "single, separate, solitary, private, individual, special", "PPs" 13^2, "BH, MtR". [‘"anlepi"’] II. adv. "alone, only, severally".

anlipnes f. "loneliness".

anlipum (ep) "singly", MtR 26^22.

anl?p- = anlip-

anmede n. "unanimity, concord", #PPs# 54^13.

anmedla m. "pomp, glory": "pride, presumption, arrogance": "courage". [mod]

+anmettan "to encourage", AO. [mod]

anmitta m. "weight, balance, scales", #Gl#. [and, mitta]

anmod "steadfast, resolute, eager, bold, brave, fierce, proud", CP. adv. -lice.

anmod "of one mind, unanimous", "El"; Æ. [‘"anmod"’] adv. -lice.

anmodnes f. "steadfastness, resolution", #Lcd# 3·170^22.

anmodnes f. "unity, unanimity", CP.

ann pres. 3 sg. of unnan.

anna = heonu

anne (AO, CP) v. an.

annes f. "oneness, unity", "BH"; Æ: "agreement, covenant", "Chr": "solitude", "Gu". [‘"annesse"’]

annihte adv. "one day old", #Lcd#.

anoða = anda

anpæð † m. "narrow path".

anpolle f. (Æ) = ampella

anr- = onr-

anr?d "of one mind, unanimous": "constant, firm, persevering, resolute", "Æ". [‘"anred"’]

anr?dlic "constant, resolute": "undoubting", #Bl# 13^13. adv. -lice "unanimously": "resolutely, persistently, constantly, earnestly", Æ: "definitely, decidedly".

anr?dnes f. "unanimity, agreement": "constancy, firmness, diligence", "AO"; Æ. [‘"anrednesse"’]

anreces (#Chr# 1010#cde#) = anstreces

anred- = anr?d-

ans- = ands-, ons-, uns-

an-sceatan (Cp), -sceotan (Erf) = onsceotan

anseld m. "lonely dwelling, hermitage", #Gu# 1214.

ansetl n. "hermitage", RB 135^9.

ansetla m. "anchorite, hermit", GD, RB.

ansien I. (on-; e, i, ?) fn. "countenance, face", "CP, Lk": "form, figure, presence": "view, aspect, sight, thing seen", "AO": "surface". [‘"onsene"’] II. † f. "lack, want".

anspel n. "conjecture".

anspilde "salutary", #Lcd# 11b.

anspr?ce "speaking as one", #PPs# 40^7.

anstandende ptc. "standing alone", RB 9^7. as sb. "hermit", Æ.

anstapa m. "lonely wanderer", #Pa# 15.

anstelede "one-stalked, having one stem", #Lcd#.

anstig f. "narrow path"? #Gl#.

anstonde = anstandende

anstræc (??) "resolute, determined", CP.

anstreces (e?) "at one stretch, continuously, continually", #Chr# 894#a#.

ansund "sound, whole, entire, perfect, healthy", Æ (on-).

an-sundnes, -sumnes f. "soundness, wholeness, integrity".

ansunu m. "only son".

answege "harmonious, accordant".

ans?n = ansien

ant- = and-, ont-, unt-

Antecrist m. "Antichrist". ["L."]

antefn m. "antiphon, ‘anthem,’" "BH"; Æ.

antefnere m. "book of antiphons, antiphonary", CM.

antemnere, antifonere (ÆP 154^6) = antefnere.

antid f. "similar time" ("i.e." the corresponding time of a following day)? B 219.

antre f. "radish", #Lcd#.

anum "alone, solely", Æ.

anunder = onunder

anung f. "zeal", NG.

anunga "at once, forthwith": "entirely, altogether, throughout, by all means, uninterruptedly", B: "necessarily, certainly".

anw- = andw-, onw-, unw-

anwedd n. "security, pledge", TC 201^16.

anwig n. "single combat, duel", Æ, AO.

anwiglice "in single combat", WW 512^21.

anwiht = awuht

anwille I. adj. "wilful, obstinate", "CP, WW"; Æ. [‘"onwill"’] II. adv. "wilfully, obstinately".

anwillice "obstinately", CP.

anwilnes f. "self-will, obstinacy, persistence", CP. mid anwilnesse "wantonly, wilfully".

anwintre adj. "one year old, yearling".

anwite n. "single fine", LL 64, 31, 1.

anwloh (#Dan# 585) = onwealg?

anwuht = awuht

anwunung f. "solitary abode", RB 134^12.

anwylnes = anwilnes

anxsum- = angsum-

an?dan = anidan

an?hst = anihst [[headword spelled “anihst”]]

anyman = animan

an?wan = on?wan

apa m. ‘"ape",’ "Gl, Lcd".

ap?can "to seduce, lead astray".

ap?ran "to avert, pervert".

aparian "to discover, apprehend", EC 164.

apelder- = apuldor-

apinsian "to weigh, estimate, ponder, recount", CP. ["L." pensare]

apinsung f. "weighing", OEG 1757.

apl = appel

aplantian "to plant", Æ.

aplatod "plated with metal"? "resplendent"? "OEG". [v. ‘"plate"’]

apluccian "to pluck off", #ÆGr# 170^14.

apostata m. "apostate", LL (322^14).

apostol (#Chr#), apostel m. ‘"apostle",’ "MtR": "disciple", ÆH 1^520. ["L." apostolus; from "Gk."]

apostolhad m. "apostleship".

apostolic "apostolic", "BH"; Æ. [‘"apostly"’]

appel, apple == æppel

Aprelis m. "April", #Men# 56.

apriccan "to prick", W 146^21.

aprotane f. "southernwood, wormwood", #Lcd# 22a. ["L." abrotonum; from "Gk."]

apulder, apuldor fm. "apple-tree".

apuldorrind f. "bark of apple-tree", #Lcd#.

apuldortun m. "apple-orchard", WW (e^3).

apuldre, apuldur = apulder

apullian "to pull", #Lcd# 1·362^10.

apundrian? "to measure out, requite"? #El# 580 (GK).

apyffan "to exhale, breathe out", #Gl#.

apyndrian "to weigh", #HGl# 512^78? (BT).

ap?tan "to put out (eyes)", NC 338.

ar m. I. † "messenger, servant, herald, apostle, angel". ["Got." airus] II. f. ‘"oar",’ "Chr, Gn". III. f. "honour, worth, dignity, glory, respect, reverence", "BH, Gen, JnLR, Ph"; AO, CP: "grace, favour, prosperity, benefit, help", "B": "mercy, pity", #An#: "landed property, possessions, revenue", Æ, AO: "ecclesiastical living, benefice": "ownership", LL: "privilege", LL, 76, 42, 2. [‘"are",’ ‘"ore"’] IV. n. "ore, brass, copper", Æ, AO, CP. V. (NG) = ?r

aracsian = arasian

ar?can wv. "to reach, get at", "Chr": "hold forth, reach out", Æ: "get (a thing for a person)", "Æ, Gr". [‘"areach"’]

ar?d I. (e) m. "welfare", LL 184n. II. "prepared"?, "resolute"? #Wa# 5; #GnE# 192? III. = anr?d

aræda (#Bo# 46^22) = aroda? v. arod.

ar?dan^1 (but usu. wk.) "to appoint, prepare": "arrange, settle, decide", "BH": "guess, prophesy, interpret, utter", "Lk, Bo, Da, CP": "read, read out, read to (any one)", CP. [‘"aread"’]

ar?dnes f. "condition, stipulation", BH.

ar?fan "to set free, unwrap", WW.

aræfnan, -ian "to carry out, accomplish": "endure, suffer", Æ, AO: "keep in mind, ponder", Æ. [æfnan]

aræfniendlic "endurable, possible".

ar?man "to raise, elevate (oneself)", Æ: (†) "rise, stand up".

aræpsan (*-ræf-) "to intercept", #Gl#.

ar?ran "to lift up, raise, set up, create, establish", "Chr, An, Jn": "build, erect", "Jn": "rear (swine)", LL 449: "spread, disseminate": "disturb, upset". up a. "bring up, raise up, exalt". [‘"arear"’]

ar?rend m. "one who arouses".

ar?rnes f. "raising, elevation", AO.

ar?san "to rush", ÆH 140^13.

arafian "to unravel, disentangle", CP.

arasian "to lay open, search out, test, detect, discover": "reprove, correct", CP. arasod "skilled".

arblæd n. "oar-blade", Æ.

arblast m. "cross-bow", #Chr# 1079#d#. ["OFr." arbaleste]

arc mf. (also earc, earce) "ark, coffer, chest, box", Æ. ["L." arca]

arce (æ, e) m. "archiepiscopal pallium".

arcebisceop (æ^1, e^1, y^3, eo^4) m. ‘"archbishop",’ "CP, Chr, KC".

arcebiscopdom m. "post of archbishop".

arcebiscophad (eo) m. "post of archbishop", BH 49^23.

arcebiscoprice n. "post of archbishop", "Chr".

arcebiscopstol m. "archiepiscopal see".

arcediacon m. ‘"archdeacon",’ "WW".

arcehad (e) m. "post of archbishop".

arcerice n. "archbishopric".

arcestol (æ^1) m. "archiepiscopal see", #Chr#.

arcræftig "respected, honourable", #Da# 551.

ard?de "merciful", #Bl# 131^2.

ardagas mp. "festival days", WW 206^31.

ardlic = arodlic

are f. = ar III.

areafian "to separate, divide", #Ex# 290.

areccan "to spread out, put forth, stretch out": "lift up, erect, build up": "say, relate, declare, speak out, explain, expound, translate", "MtR"; CP: "astonish": "adorn"? "deck"? #Rim# 10. [‘"arecche"’]

areceleasian "to be negligent", A 9·102^68.

ared = arod

ared I. = ar?d I. II. (strong) pret. 3 sg. of ar?dan.

areddan = ahreddan

aredian "to make ready, devise, provide, arrange, carry out", CP: "find, find one’s way, reach": "find out, understand". [r?de]

arednes = ar?dnes

arefnan = ar?fnan [[headword spelled “aræfnan”]]

arencan "to make proud, exalt", A 11·117^32? (BT).

arendan "to tear off", #Lcd# 101a.

areodian "to redden, blush", #BPs#.

areosan = ahreosan

areran = ar?ran

aretan "to cheer, gladden", Æ. [rot] [[main entry spelled “rot”]]

arewe = arwe

arfæst "respected, honest, pious, virtuous", Æ, CP: "merciful, gracious, compassionate", Æ: "respectful".

arfæstlic "pious". adv. -lice.

arfæstnes f. "virtue, honour, grace, goodness, piety": "pity, mercy", Æ.

arfæt nap. -fatu, n. "brazen vessel", Æ.

arfest = arfæst

arful "respected, venerable": "favourable, kind, merciful": "respectful". adv. -lice "graciously", Æ.

arg (NG) = earg

argang = earsgang

argeblond m. "tumult of the sea", #An# 383.

argentille f. "argentilla (plant)", #Gl#. ["L."]

argeotere m. "brass-founder", AO 54^20.

argesweorf n. "brass filings", #Lcd# 30b.

argeweorc n. "brass-work", WW 398^24.

argifa m. "giver of benefits", #Cra# 11.

arhlice = earhlice [[under “earglic”]]

arhwæt "eager for glory", †#Chr# 937#a#.

±arian "to honour, respect", Æ, CP: "endow": "regard, care for, favour, be merciful to, spare, pardon", "Æ"; CP. [‘"are"’]

aridan^1 "to ride", AO 118^33.

ariddan = ahreddan

arigend mf. "benefactor, benefactress".

ariht "‘aright,’ properly", "LL".

ariman "to number, count, enumerate", "CP"; AO: "relate". [‘"arime"’]

arinnan^3 "to run out, pass away", #Sol# 479.

arisan I. (sv^1) "to ‘arise,’ get up", "CP, Æ, MtL": "rise", "Mk": "spring from, originate": "spring up, ascend", "El". II. = +risan I.

arist = ?rist

arleas "dishonourable, base, impious, wicked", Æ, CP: "cruel", #Jul# 4. ["Ger." ehrlos] adv. -lice Æ.

arleasnes f. "wickedness", BH, #Bo#.

arleast f. "disgraceful deed", #Met#.

arlic "honourable": "fitting, agreeable, proper", AO: "delicious".

arlice adv. I. "honourably, becomingly, graciously, kindly, pleasantly, mercifully", CP. II. (N) = ?rlice

arloc n. "‘oarlock,’ rowlock", WW 288^6.

arm = earm

armelu "‘harmala,’ wild rue", "Lcd".

armorgen = ?rmorgen

arn pret. 3 sg. of iernan.

arnian = earnian

+arnung = +earnung

arod I. "quick, bold, ready", CP. II. m? "a kind of plant, arum"?

arod pp. of arian.

arodlic "quick". adv. -lice "quickly": "vigorously", Æ, CP.

arodnes f. "spirit, boldness", CP 41^17.

arodscipe m. "energy, dexterity", CP.

aron (NG) used as pres. pl. of wesan.

arsape f. "verdigris". [sape]

arscamu f. "shame, modesty", #PPs# 68^19.

arsmið m. "coppersmith".

arstæf † m. (often in pl.) "support, assistance, kindness, benefit, grace".

art, arð (NG) = eart, pres. 2 sg. of wesan.

arðegn m. "servant", BH 378^11.

arðing n. "a thing of value", LkR 21^1.

arud == arod

arung f. "honour, respect, reverence", AO: "pardon".

arunnen = aurnen, pp. of arinnan.

arwe (rew-, ruw-) f. ‘"arrow",’ "LL, Chr".

arwela † m. "watery realm", #An# 855. [ear]

ar-weorð, -weorðe "honourable, venerable, revering, pious", CP. adv. -weorðe.

arweorðful "honourable", Æ (u^2).

±arweorðian "to honour, reverence, worship, extol".

arweorðlic "venerable, honourable". adv. -lice "honourably, reverentially, solemnly, kindly", "Æ". [‘"arworthly"’]

arweorðnes f. "reverence, honour", CP.

arweorðung f. "honour". #Ps#.

arwesa "respected", RB 115^20.

arwierðe == arweorð

arwiððe f. "oar-thong, rowlock", Æ.

arwunga, arwunge (A) = earwunga

arwurð, -wyrð == arweorð

aryddan, -rydran, -rytran "to strip, plunder", #Gl#, WW.

ar?derian "to blush", #BRPs# 69^4.

ar?pan "to tear off, strip", #Rd# 76^7.

ar?ð f. "wave of the sea", #An# 532. [ear]

asadian "to satiate, surfeit", MF (Vesp. D xiv).

asæcgan = asecgan

asægdnes = onsægednes

as?lan † "to bind, fetter, ensnare".

asændan = asendan

asal, asald (NG) = esol

asanian "to droop, flag", #Gu# 1148, LV 57.

asawan^7 "to sow, sow with", Æ.

asca (NG) m. = asce

ascacan = asceacan

ascadan = asceadan

ascæcan = asceacan

ascæfen pp. of asceafan.

asc?re = ?sc?re [[headword spelled “?scære”]]

ascafan = asceafan

ascamelic "shameful", #HGl# 500.

ascamian (ea) "to feel shame", "Ps, Cr". [‘"ashame"’]

ascas nap. of æsc.

ascbacen (ax-) "baked on ashes", GD 86^30.

asce (æ, cs, x) f. "(burnt) ‘ash,’" "Lcd": "dust (of the ground)", "MtL".

asceacan^6 (a) "to shake off, remove", "Mt": "depart, flee, desert, forsake", "Æ": "shake, brandish". [‘"ashake"’]

asceadan^7 (a) "to separate, hold aloof or asunder, exclude", CP: "make clear, cleanse, purify".

asceafan (a) "to shave off", #Lcd#.

ascealian "to peel off", WW.

asceamian = ascamian

ascearpan = ascirpan

ascellan = ascillan, ascilian [[both under “ascilian”]]

asceofan = ascufan

asceon- = onscun-

asceortian = ascortian

asceotan^2 "to shoot, shoot out", Æ, AO: "drop out, fall", Æ: "lance" (surgery), ÆL 20^63: "eviscerate", OEG 46^47.

asceppan = ascieppan

asceran = asciran

ascerian = ascirian

ascerpan (#VPs#) = ascirpan

ascian (acs-, ahs-, ax-) "to ‘ask,’ inquire, seek for, demand", "Æ, KC, WG", etc.; CP: "call, summon", "B, Gen": (+) "learn by inquiry, discover, hear of", #Chr#: (†) "announce".

asciendlic (ax-) "interrogative", #ÆGr# 260^14.

ascieppan^6 "to make, create", "Ex": "appoint, determine, assign", AO. [‘"ashape"’]

ascihhan = ascyhhan

ascildan "to protect", DR.

ascilian "to separate, divide", v. OEG 1367n.; FM 100.

ascimian "to shine", #Lcd# 2·232.

ascinan^1 "to flash or shine forth, beam, radiate, be clear", GD.

asciran † "to cut off, cut away".

ascirian "to cut off, separate, divide, remove", Æ: "set free, deprive of": "arrange, destine".

ascirigendlic "disjunctive", #ÆGr# 259^14 (y^2).

ascirpan "to sharpen, make acute", CP.

ascortian (eo) "to become short, fail", Æ: "pass away, elapse".

ascreadian "to prune, lop".

ascrencan "to displace, trip up, cause to stumble", "CP". [‘"aschrench"’]

ascrepan^5 "to scrape, clear away".

ascrincan^3 "to shrink up".

ascrudnian (utn) "to investigate, examine".

ascufan^2 "to drive out, remove, expel, banish", Æ: "push (away)", "give up (to)".

ascun- = onscun-

±ascung f. "‘asking,’ questioning, inquiring, question", "Met, Bo"; Æ, CP.

ascyhhan "to scare away, reject", #RPs# 50^13.

ascylfan "to destroy", GPH 393^49.

ascylian, ascyllan = ascilian

ascyndan "to separate, part (from)": "drive away (from)", Æ.

ascyr- = ascir-

asc?ran "to make clear", Æ. [scir]

asealcan (#Gen# 2167) = aseolcan

asearian "to wither, dry up", "Lcd"; CP. [‘"asear"’]

asecan "to seek out, select": "search out, examine, explore": "seek for, require, ask", "PPs": "search through, penetrate". [‘"aseek"’]

asecgan I. "to say out, express, tell, utter, narrate, explain, announce", AO. II. = onsecgan

asecgendlic "utterable", Æ.

asedan (œ¯) "to satiate", #Gl#. [sæd]

asegendnes f. "an offering", #Nar# 24^17.

asellan "to give up, hand over, deliver": "expel, banish".

asencan "to sink, immerse", OEG 829.

asendan "to send away, send off, send, give up", "Mt"; Æ. [‘"asend"’]

asengan (#Jul# 313) = asecgan

aseolcan^3 "to become slack, remiss, relaxed, weak", Æ, CP.

aseon I. sv^5 "to look upon, behold", HL 16^255. II. sv^1 "to strain", #Lcd#.

aseonod "relaxed", WW 228^25. [seonu] [[under “seono”]]

aseoðan^2 "to seethe, boil", CP: "refine, purify": "examine".

aseowan "to sew", Cp 421#p# (io).

asetnes f. "institute, law", LL.

asettan = onsettan

asettan "to set, put, place, fix, establish, appoint, set up or in, erect, build, plant", "AO, Mt"; Æ: "transport oneself over, cross (the sea, etc.)": "take away", LL 11[12]. sið "or" siðas a. "to perform a journey, travel".

aseðan "to affirm, confirm", Æ. [soð]

asican I. sv^1 "to sigh", #Sc#. II. "to wean", #CPs# 130^2.

asiftan "to sift", #Lcd# 13b.

asigan^1 "to sink, sink down, decline, fall down", "Chr"; CP. [‘"asye"’]

asincan^3 "to sink down, fall to pieces", Æ.

asingan^3 "to sing out, sing, deliver (a speech)", "compose (verse)", BH.

asittan^5 "to dwell together, settle", "El": "apprehend, fear": "run aground". ut a. "starve out". [‘"asit"’]

aslacian "to become slack, decline, diminish", Æ, CP: "grow tired": "make slack, loosen, relax, dissolve".

aslacigendlic "remissive", #ÆGr# 228^5.

aslæccan "to slacken, loosen", WW.

aslæcian = aslacian

asl?pan^7 (a) "to slumber, dream": "be paralysed", #Lcd#.

asl?wan "to blunt, weaken, make dull", OEG 18b, 65.

aslapan = asl?pan

aslawian "to become sluggish, be torpid", CP. [slaw]

aslean^6 "to strike, beat, cut", Æ: "erect": "make way": "paralyse". of a. "strike off, behead", "MtL"; AO. [‘"aslay"’]

aslepen = asleopen pret. opt. 3 pl. of aslupan.

aslidan^1 "to slide, slip, fall", "Ps"; Æ, CP. [‘"aslide"’]

asliding f. "slipping", GPH 388^62.

aslitan^1 (?) "to slit, cleave, cut off, destroy", CP.

aslupan^2 "to slip off, escape, disappear" (of), "Ps". [‘"aslip"’]

asl?tan = aslitan

asmeagan "to consider, examine, investigate, devise, elicit, treat of, think", Æ: "look for, demand".

asmeagung f. "scrutiny, consideration".

asmean = asmeagan

±asmir-ian, -wan "to smear, anoint".

asmiðian "to do smith’s work, fashion, forge, fabricate", Æ.

asmorian "to smother, strangle", AO, CP.

asmorung f. "choking, suffocation", #Lcd# 18a.

asmugan = asmeagan

asn?san (a^2) "to spit, impale, stab", "LL" 68, 36. [‘"asnese"’]

asniðan^1 "to cut off", #Lcd#.

asoden (WW 20^44) pp. of aseoðan.

asolcen (pp. of aseolcan) "sluggish, idle, indifferent, dissolute", Æ.

asolcennes f. "sleepiness, sloth, laziness", "W"; Æ. [‘"aswolkeness"’]

asolian "to become dirty", A 2·374.

aspanan^6 "to allure, seduce, persuade, urge, insinuate", AO.

aspannan^7 "to unbind, unclasp", GD 214^24.

asparian "to preserve", GD 159^24.

aspeaft (JnL 9^6) = aspeoft

aspedan "to survive, escape", #An# 1628.

aspelian "to be substitute for, represent, take the place of", LL, RB. a. fram "be exempt from".

aspendan "to spend (money)", "expend, distribute, squander, consume", "AO"; Æ. [‘"aspend"’]

aspeoft pret. 3 sg. "spit out", JnR 9^6. [v. speoft]

asperian = aspyrian

aspide m. "asp, adder, serpent, viper", "Ps"; Æ. [‘"aspide"’]

aspillan "to destroy", JnL 12^10.

aspinnan^3 "to spin", WW.

aspirian = aspyrian

aspiwan^1 (?) "to spew up, vomit", Æ, CP.

aspl?tan ?"to split". v. ES 49·156.

aspornan "to cast down", #EPs# 145^7. [spurnan]

aspreadan "to stretch out, extend", #EPs# 35^11.

asprecan "to speak out, speak", #PPs#.

asprengan "to cause to spring, fling out", ÆL 8^213.

asprettan = aspryttan

asprindlad "ripped up", #Lcd# 80b.

aspringan^3 (y) "to spring up or forth, break forth, spread", "Æ"; AO: "arise, originate, be born", "Æ": "dwindle, diminish, fail, cease". asprungen "dead". [‘"aspring"’]

aspringung f. "failing", #VPs# 141^4.

aspritan = aspryttan

asproten pp. of asprutan.

a-sprungennes, -sprungnes f. "failing, exhaustion, death": "eclipse".

asprutan^2 (= eo) "to sprout forth", #PPs# 140^9.

aspryngan = aspringan

aspryttan^1 (e, i) "to sprout out, bring forth", Æ.

aspylian "to wash oneself", #Bo# 115^7.

aspyrgend m. "tracker, investigator", VHy.

aspyrging f. ‘"adinventio",’ WW 513^15.

aspyrian (i) "to track, trace out, investigate, explore, discover".

asp?wan = aspiwan

assa m. "he-ass", "Mt, Jn, Æ"; CP. [‘"ass"’]

assen f. "she-ass".

assmyre f. "she-ass", Æ.

ast f. "kiln", "WW" 185^30; A 9·265. [‘"oast"’]

ast?gan "to go up, embark", MkR 6^32.

ast?lan "to lay to one’s charge", LL (264^15).

ast?nan^1 "to adorn with precious stones".

astærfan ("MtR") = astyrfan

astandan^6 "to stand up, stand forth, rise up, arise", "B"; Æ: "continue, endure", "Lk"; CP. [‘"astand"’]

astandennes f. "perseverance", ÆL 23b^272: "existence, subsistence".

asteapan = ast?pan

astellan I. "to set forth, set, put, afford, supply, display, appoint", AO, CP: "set up, establish, confirm, institute, ordain, undertake, start", "AO"; Æ: "undergo", Æ. II. "to fly off, rush".

astemnian "to build".

astemped "engraved, stamped", WW 203^27.

astencan "to scatter", GD 42^33.

asteopan = ast?pan

asteorfan^3 "to die", MH 62^27.

astep- = ast?p-

asterian = astyrian

asterion "‘asterion,’ pellitory", "Lcd" 1·164.

astifian "to become stiff", Æ.

astifician = ast?fecian

astigan^1 "to proceed, go", Æ: (usu. w. up, niðer, "etc.") "rise, mount, ascend, descend", "Jn"; Æ, CP: "be puffed up", AO 264^8. [‘"astye"’]

astigend m. "rider".

astigian "to ascend, mount".

astignes f. "ascent", #EPs# 103^4.

astihtan "to determine on, decree", #Chr# 998.

astihting (OEG) = atihting [[redirected to “atyhting”]]

astillian "to still, quiet", MF (Vesp. D xiv).

astingan^3 "to bore out, pierce out", #Chr#: "stab".

astintan = astyntan

astirian = astyrian

astiðian "to become hard, dry tip, wither": "grow up, come of age", TC 203^20.

astondnes = astandennes

astr?lian "to cast forth", #RPs# 75^9.

astreccan "to stretch out, stretch forth, extend, lay low", "Æ": "prostrate oneself, bow down", CP. [‘"astretch"’]

astregdan "to sprinkle".

astregdnes? f. "sprinkling", DR.

astrenged "(made strong), malleable", WW.

astrienan (eo, ?) "to beget".

astrogden pp. of astregdan.

astrowenes f. "length", #HGl# 443.

astr?nan = astrienan

astundian "to take upon oneself", Æ.

ast?fecian "to suppress, eradicate", CP.

astyllan = astellan

astyltan "to be astonished", LkLR.

astyntan (i) "to blunt, repress, restrain, stop, overcome", "Gl". [‘"astint"’]

ast?pan (e, ea, eo) "to deprive, bereave", GD. ast?pte "orphans". [steop]

[[Printed as shown, but reference may be to “steop-” as word element.]]

ast?p(ed)nes (e^2) f. "privation, bereavement".

ast?ran "to guide, control", AS 9^16.

astyrfan (æ, e) "to kill, destroy", "Cr, Mt" (e). [‘"asterve"’]

astyrian "to stir up, excite, move, move forward, raise", "Jn, Mk"; Æ: "be roused, become angry", Æ. astyred weorðan "be or become anxious", Æ. [‘"astir"’]

astyriendlic v. un-a. [[under “unastyriende”]]

astyrigend m. ‘"ventilator",’ GPH 393^78.

astyrred "starry", #Sc#.

astyrung f. "motion", #Lcd#.

a-sucan^2 -sugan "to suck, suck out, drain".

a-sundran, -sundron = onsundran

asundrian = asyndrian [[under “asyndran”]]

asurian "to be or become sour", WW.

asw?man "to roam, wander about": "pine, grieve", Æ.

asw?rn- = aswarn-

asw?tan "to burst out in perspiration", MH 20^12.

aswamian "to die away", #Gen# 376: "cease".

aswapan^7 (but pp. aswopen) "to sweep away, remove, clean", CP.

aswarcan "to languish", #LPs# 38^12.

aswarcian "to confound", #BSPs# 70^24.

aswarnian "to be confounded", #Ps#.

aswarnung f. "shame, confusion", #LPs# 43^16.

aswaðian "to investigate", OEG 5^11.

asweartian "to turn livid, become ashy or black", CP.

aswebban † "to lull, soothe, set at rest": "put to death, destroy", "Jud". [‘"asweve"’]

aswellan^3 "to swell", CP.

asweltan^3 "to die", #Chr#.

aswencan "to afflict", DR.

aswengan "to swing off, shake off, cast forth".

asweorcan^3 "to droop", Æ.

asweorfan^3 "to file off, polish", GPH.

aswepa = ?sw?pe

aswerian^6 "to swear", #PPs#.

aswican^1 "to desert, abandon, betray, deceive", "Mt": "offend, irritate, provoke". [‘"aswike"’]

±aswician "to offend".

aswicung f. "scandal, offence".

aswifan^1 "to wander, stray", WW.

aswind = ?swind

aswindan^3 "to become weak, shrink, fade away, perish, decay, dissolve", "Bo"; Æ, CP. [‘"aswind"’]

aswingan^3 "to scourge", DR.

aswogan^7 "to cover over, choke", CP 411^17.

asworettan "to sigh, grieve", GD.

aswornian (NC 271) = aswarnian [[headword spelled “aswarnian”]]

aswundennes f. "idleness", BH 160^25.

asynderlic "remote", OEG 2514.

±asynd-ran, -rian "to separate, divide, disjoin, sever", CP, Æ: "distinguish, except". [‘"asunder"’]

asyndrung f. "division", WW.

at == æt

at?fran (CP 467^19) = atiefran

at?san "to wear out, injure, strike, smite", Æ: "wound", CP 296^18.

atawian = ætiewan

ate (æ) f. ‘"oats",’ "Lcd": "wild oats, tares", "Gl, WW".

ateallan = atellan

atefran = atiefran

ategar = ætgar [[under “ætg?re”]]

atel == atol

atellan "to reckon up, count", "Bo"; AO. a. wið "balance against": "tell, enumerate", CP: "explain, interpret". [‘"atell"’]

atemian "to tame, subdue, render quiet", CP.

atendan "to set on fire, kindle, inflame", "Chr": "trouble, perplex", A 8·312^48. [‘"atend"’]

atending f. "incentive", #Sc# 221^17.

ateon^2 "to draw up, out, off or from, remove, pull out, lead out, draw", "B, BH"; AO, CP. up a. "draw up, move away": "protract", Æ: "move, journey, roam": "deal with, dispose of, apply, use", "Mt"; Æ, CP. [‘"atee"’]

ateorian "to fail, become exhausted, weary, cease", "Ps"; Æ: "be defective", #ÆGr#. [‘"atire"’]

ateori(g)endlic "transitory, perishable", Æ: "failing": "defective", #ÆGr#.

ateorodnes f. "cessation, exhaustion", HL 3^495; #BPs# 118^53.

ateorung f. "failing, weariness", Æ.

ateowan = oðiewan [[headword spelled “oðiewan”]]

ater == ator

ateran^4 "to tear away", CP 359^20.

ateriendlic = ateoriendlic [[headword spelled “ateoriendlic”]]

aterima (etr-) "oat-bran", #Lcd# 3·292´.

atertanum dp. "with poisoned twigs (or"? -tearum "with poison drops)" B 1460.

ateshwon adv. "at all", CM 987. [awiht]

athed (#Gl#) = æth?d

atidrian "to grow weak", GD 59^26 (ydd).

atiefran (?, e, i, ?) "to draw, depict", CP.

atiewan = oðiewan [[headword spelled “oðiewan”]]

atiht- = atyht-

atillan "to touch, reach".

atimbr-an, -ian "to erect, build", AO, CP.

atimplian "to provide with spikes", NC 271.

atiwan = oðiewan [[headword spelled “oðiewan”]]

atleag m. "oat-field"?, EC 448^9.

atol I. "dire, terrible, ugly, deformed, repulsive, unchaste", "B". [‘"atel"’] II. † n. "horror, evil".

atolic, atollic "dire, terrible, deformed, repulsive", Æ. adv. -lice.

atoliende "disfiguring", WW 220^26.

ator, at(to)r, (?) n. "poison, venom", "Lcd"; AO, CP: "gall", "Gl". [‘"atter"’]

atorb?re "poisonous", ÆH 1·72^22.

atorberende "poisonous, venomous".

atorcoppe f. "spider", "Lcd". [‘"attercop"’]

atorcræft (attor-) m. "art of poisoning", W.

atorcyn (?) n. "poison", #Sol# 219.

atordrinca m. "poisonous draught", MH.

atorgebl?d n. "swelling caused by poison", #Lcd# 162b.

atorlaðe f. "plant used as antidote to poison, betonica"? "Lcd, WW". [‘"atterlothe"’]

atorlic "poison-like, bitter", "WW". [‘"atterlich"’]

atorsceaða † m. "poisonous enemy".

atorspere n. "poisoned spear", #Rd# 18^9.

atorðigen (att-) f. "taking of poison", #Lcd# 1·4^5.

atr = ator

atrahtnian "to treat, discuss".

atredan^5 "to extract, extort", LL.

atreddan "to search out, examine, investigate", #PPs#.

atrendlian "to roll", "Met" 5^17. [v. ‘"trendle"’]

atres gs. of ator.

atrum n. "ink", A 13·28^15. ["L." atramentum]

atter, attor == ator

attres gs. of attor, ator. [[under “atter”]]

attrum = atrum

atul = atol

atur = ator

atweonian "to cause doubt", A 8·333^6.

atyddrian = atidrian

at?dran "to beget, create", #El# 1279. [tudor]

at?fran = atiefran

atyhtan (i) "to entice, allure, incite": "be attentive": "produce", #Rd# 51^3: "stretch, extend, turn".

atyhting (i) f. "intention, aim": "instigation", OEG 2^304.

atymbran = atimbran

at?nan I. "to shut off, exclude". [tun] II. = ont?nan

atyndan = atendan

at?rian = ateorian

at?wan = oðiewan

að m. ‘"oath",’ "B, Mt"; AO.

að- = oð-

aðamans m. "adamant", CP 271^2. ["L."]

aðbryce m. "perjury", W 164^7.

aðecgan "to take food, consume"?: "oppress"? (Tupper) #Rd# 1^2,7.

aðegehat = aðgehat

aðegen "distended", WW.

aðencan "to think out, devise, contrive, invent", AO: "intend".

aðenenes f. "extension", VHy.

a-ðennan, -ðenian "to stretch out, extend, draw out, expand", AO: "apply (the mind)" CP: "prostrate".

aðenung f. "extension, distension".

aðeodan = aðiedan

aðeostrian (e, ie, i) "to become dark, obscured, eclipsed", "Bo"; CP, #VPs#. [‘"athester"’]

aðer = ahwæðer

aðerscan "to thresh out", ÆL 31^1217.

aðestrian = aðeostrian

aðewan = að?wan

aðexe f. "lizard", OET.

aðfultum m. "confirmation (confirmers) of an oath", LL.

aðgehat (aðe-) n. "promise on oath, oath", WW.

aðiddan "to thrust, push", OEG 50^3.

aðiedan "to separate", CP.

aðierran "to clean", CP.

aðiestrian (CP) = aðeostrian

aðindan^3 "to swell, puff up, inflate, increase", CP: "melt, pass away". (cp. ðindan)

aðindung f. "swelling", #Lcd# 93a.

a-ðistrian, -ðisðrigan (CP) = aðeostrian

aðl (#VPs#) = adl

aðloga m. "perjurer", #Cr# 165.

aðol = adl

aðollan "to hold out, endure, suffer", Æ.

aðolware mp. "citizens", #GnE# 201.

aðor = ahwæðer

aðracian "to dread": "frighten".

aðr?stan "to twist out, wrest out", #Gl#.

aðrawan^7 "to curl, twist, twine", Æ.

aðreatian "to weary, be irksome": "force away", CP 293^10.

aðreotan^2 (pers. and impers.) "to tire of, weary, be tiresome to, displease, disgust", Æ, AO, CP.

aðrescan = aðerscan

aðrietan "to weary", Æ, AO (?); #Bo#.

aðringan^3 "to crowd or press out": "rush forth, break out". ut a. "emboss".

aðristian "to be bold, presume", GD 70^30.

aðrotennes f. "wearisomeness", WW 409^22.

aðrotsum "irksome", WW 510^12.

aðrowian "to suffer", #Lcd# 68b.

aðroxen pp. of aðerscan.

aðrunten (pp. of *aðrintan) "swollen", #Rd# 38^2. (or ? aðruten)

aðruten pp. (of *aðrutan) "swollen", #Lcd#.

aðryccan "to press, oppress".

aðr?n "to rob"? "drive out"? #Gl#, (ES 43·331).

a-ðrysemian, -ðrysman ("AO") "to suffocate, smother". [‘"athrysm"’]

aðrytnes f. "weariness".

aðstæf m. "oath", #CPs# 104^9.

aðswara m? = aðswaru

aðswaring = aðswerung

aðswaru f. "oath-swearing, oath", Æ.

aðswerian? "to vow with an oath", WW 387^9.

aðswerung f. "oath-swearing", #Chr, RSPs# 104^9.

aðswyrd (eo) n. "oath-swearing", #EPs# 104^9 (?^1); B 2064.

aðum m. "son-in-law", "Æ"; AO: "brother-in-law". [‘"odam"’]

aðumswerian mp. "son-in-law and father-in-law", B 84.

aðundennes f. "swelling, tumour", #Lcd#: "contumacy", WW 87^17.

aðw?nan "to diminish, soften", #Lcd#.

aðwean^6 "to wash, wash off, cleanse, baptize, anoint", Æ, CP.

aðwedd n. "promise on oath", WW 115^16.

aðweran^4 "to stir up, churn", #Lcd#.

aðwinan "to vanish", NC 338.

aðwitan^1 "to disappoint", #SPs# 131^11.

aðwyrðe "worthy of credit". v. LL 2·376.

að?an = að?wan

aðylgian "to bear up", #ARSPs#.

að?n = að?wan

aðynnian (i) "to make thin", DHy 8^10.

að?strian (Æ) = aðiestrian

að?tan I. ‡ "to sound, blow (a horn)". II. "to expel", WW 19^12.

að?wan "to drive away", AO: "press out or into, squeeze out".

auht = awiht

auðer = ahwæðer

aw = ?

awa = a

awacan^6 (on-) "to awake", "Æ": "arise, originate, spring forth, be born". [‘"awake(n)"’]

awacian "to awake", Æ.

awacian "to grow weak, decline, fall, belittle", Æ, CP: "fall away, lapse, desist from, abstain", Æ.

awacnian = awæcnian

awæc- = awec-

aw?can "to weaken, weary".

awæc-nian, -nan (on-; a, e) "to awaken, revive", Æ: "arise, originate, spring from", "AO". [‘"awake(n)"’]

aw?gan "to deceive": "destroy, annul, make nugatory", Æ.

aw?lan "to roll, roll from": "harass, afflict", NG.

awæltan = awyltan

awæmmian = awemman

awænd- = awend-, onwend-

awænian = awenian [[under “awennan”]]

awærd pp. of awierdan.

awærged = awierged

awærian "to avoid", DR 39^13.

awæscan = awascan

aw?stan = awestan

awandian "to fear, hesitate", #ÆGr# 162^2.

awanian "to diminish, lessen".

awannian "to become livid or black and blue", GD 20^32 (v. NC 332).

awansian "to diminish", KC 4·243^6.

awar = ahw?r

awarnian (#APs#) = aswarnian

[[Entry before author’s correction: awarnian "to be confounded", #SPs#.]]

awascan^6 (æ) "to wash, bathe, immerse", #Lcd#.

aweallan^7 "to well up, flow out, break forth, issue, swarm", CP: "be hot, burn".

aweardian "to guard, defend".

aweaxan^6 "to grow, grow up, arise, come forth", CP.

aweb = oweb

awec- = awæc-

aweccan "to awake, rouse, incite, excite", "Mk, Lk"; Æ, CP: "raise up, beget". [‘"awecche"’]

awecenes (æ) f. "incitement", GD 199^7.

awecgan "to undermine, shake, move", Æ.

awedan "to be or become mad, rage", Æ; "AO". [‘"awede"’; wod]

awefan^5 "to weave, weave together", Æ.

aweg (= on-) "‘away,’ forth, out", "Chr, Mt"; CP.

awegan^5 "to lift up, carry away": "weigh, weigh out", "Æ": "estimate, consider". [‘"aweigh"’]

awegaworpnes f. "abortion", LL (154^34).

awegcuman^4 "to escape", Æ.

awegeade "went away", "JnL" 4^50 [v. ‘"away"’; eode]

awegfleon^2 "to fly or flee away", OEG 2169.

aweggan "to go away", BH 326^10.

aweggewitan^1 "to depart", AO 74^26.

aweggewitenes f. "departure", Æ: "aberration (of mind)", #JPs# 115^11.

awehtnes f. "arousing", BH 422^20.

awel m. "hook, fork", #Gl#.

awellan = awyllan

awemman "to disfigure, corrupt".

awemmendnes f. "corruption".

awenan "to consider".

awendan (= on-) "to avert, turn aside, remove, upset", "Ps": "change, exchange, alter, pervert", "Æ"; CP: "translate", Æ, CP: "turn from, go, depart", "Ps"; AO: "return": "subdue". [‘"awend"’]

awendedlic = awendendlic

awendednes f. "change, alteration", Æ.

awendendlic "that can be changed, changeable", Æ.

awendendlicnes f. "mutability", Æ.

awendennes f. "change", OEG 191.

awending f. "subversion, change", ES 39·322.

awen-nan, -ian "to disaccustom, wean".

aweodian "to root out,