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WIKIMAG n. 2 - Gennaio 2013 
Life of Pi

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Life of Pi

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Ang Lee
Produced by Ang Lee
Gil Netter
David Womark
Screenplay by David Magee
Based on Life of Pi by
Yann Martel
Starring Suraj Sharma
Irrfan Khan
Tabu
Adil Hussain
Gerard Depardieu
Rafe Spall
Music by Mychael Danna
Cinematography Claudio Miranda
Editing by Tim Squyres
Studio Rhythm & Hues
Fox 2000 Pictures
Distributed by 20th Century Fox
Release date(s)
  • November 21, 2012
Running time 127 minutes[1]
Country United States
Language English
Budget $120 million[2]
Box office $451,098,000[2]

Life of Pi is a 2012 American adventure drama film based on Yann Martel's 2001 novel of the same name. Directed by Ang Lee, the film is based on an adapted screenplay by David Magee, and stars Suraj Sharma, Irrfan Khan, Gérard Depardieu, Tabu, and Adil Hussain.

The storyline revolves around a 16-year old boy named Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel, who survives a shipwreck in which his family dies, and is stranded in the Pacific Ocean on a lifeboat with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker. The film had its worldwide premiere as the opening film of the 50th New York Film Festival at both the Walter Reade Theater and Alice Tully Hall in New York City on September 28, 2012.[3]

Upon release, Life of Pi was met with favorable reviews and earned eleven Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Visual Effects, and Best Adapted Screenplay. It has also been nominated for three Golden Globe nominations, including Best Picture - Drama and Best Director.

Contents

Plot

Pi Patel, an immigrant from Pondicherry in India living in Montreal, Canada, is approached by a local novelist who has been referred to him by his "uncle" (a family friend), believing that Pi's life story would make a great book. Pi relates an extended tale:

His parents had named him Piscine Molitor after a swimming pool in France. He changes his name to "Pi" (the mathematical symbol, π) when he begins secondary school, even repeating numerous digits of pi, because he is tired of being taunted with the nickname "Pissing Patel". His family owns a local zoo, and Pi takes an interest in the animals, especially a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker because of a clerical error. Pi tries to feed the tiger, endangering himself to being attacked, and to teach him the reality of the tiger's nature as a carnivore, Pi's father forces him to witness it killing a goat. He is raised Hindu and vegetarian, but at 12 years old, he is introduced to Christianity and then Islam, and starts to follow all three religions as he "just wants to love God." When asked if he is also Jewish, he replies that he lectures in Kabbalah at the university.

When Pi is 16, his father decides to close the zoo and move his family to Canada, and sell the zoo animals, to ensure a good future for his children. They book passage with their animals (to be sold in North America) on a Japanese freighter named the Tsimtsum. On board the ship, Pi's father gets into an argument with the ship's cook when he speaks to Pi's mother rudely. One night, the ship encounters a heavy storm and begins to sink while Pi is on deck marveling at the storm. He tries to find his family, but a crew member throws him into a lifeboat; from the rough sea, he watches helplessly as the ship sinks, killing his family and its crew.

After the storm, Pi finds himself in the lifeboat with an injured zebra, and is joined by an orangutan who lost her offspring in the shipwreck. A spotted hyena emerges from the tarp covering half of the boat, and kills the zebra. To Pi's distress, the hyena also mortally wounds the orangutan in a fight. Suddenly Richard Parker emerges from under the tarp, and kills and eats the hyena.

Pi finds emergency food and water rations on the boat. He builds a small raft of flotation devices so that he can stay at a safe distance from the tiger. Realizing that he must feed the tiger to protect himself, Pi begins fishing, with some success. He also collects rain water for both to drink. At one point, he makes a board ladder for the tiger to climb back into the boat after it had jumped off to hunt fish. In a nighttime encounter with a breaching whale, Pi loses much of his supplies. Faced with starvation, he eats raw fish. After many days at sea, Pi realizes that he can no longer live on the tiny raft and trains the tiger Richard Parker to accept him in the boat. He also realizes that caring for the tiger is keeping him alive.

After weeks longer at sea, near the end of their strength, they reach a floating island of edible plants, supporting a forest, fresh water pools, and a large population of meerkats. Both Pi and Richard Parker eat and drink freely and regain strength. But at night the island transforms into a hostile environment, with the fresh water turning acidic, digesting all the dead fish that died in the pools. The tiger returns to the lifeboat at night. Pi finds a human tooth inside a plant flower and concludes that the plants are carnivorous, requiring them to leave the island.

The lifeboat eventually reaches the coast of Mexico. Finally back on land, Richard Parker stumbles away from Pi and stops at the edge of the jungle. Pi expects that the tiger will turn toward him and acknowledge him, but instead he looks into the jungle for a while and goes in. Pi, too weak to follow, lies in the sand. He is rescued by a group who carry him to hospital, but he weeps that the tiger had walked away without him.

In hospital, insurance agents for the Japanese freighter come to hear his account of the incident. They find his story unbelievable, and ask him to tell them what "really" happened, if only for the credibility of their report. He answers with a less fantastic but detailed account of sharing the lifeboat with his mother, a sailor with a broken leg, and the cook. In this story, the cook kills the sailor to use him as bait and food. In a later struggle, Pi's mother pushes him to safety on a smaller raft, and the cook stabs her as she falls overboard to the sharks. Later, Pi returns to grab the knife and kills the cook.

In the present, the writer notes parallels between the two stories: the orangutan was Pi's mother, the zebra was the sailor, the hyena was the cook, and Richard Parker, the tiger, was Pi himself. Pi asks him which story the writer prefers; he chooses the one with the tiger because it "is the better story", to which Pi responds, "And so it is with God". Glancing at a copy of the insurance report, the writer notices a closing comment about the remarkable feat of surviving 227 days at sea, especially with a tiger: the insurance agents chose that story as well.

Cast

  • Suraj Sharma as Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel, age 16
    • Irrfan Khan as Pi, adult
    • Ayush Tandon as Pi, age 13
    • Gautam Belur as Pi, age 5
  • Tabu as Gita Patel, Pi's mother
  • Adil Hussain as Santosh Patel, Pi's father
  • Gérard Depardieu as the Cook
  • Po-Chieh Wang as the Taiwanese Sailor
  • Rafe Spall as the Writer
  • Shravanthi Sainath as Anandi, Pi's teenage girlfriend
  • Andrea Di Stefano as the Priest
  • Vibish Sivakumar as Ravi Patel, Pi's older brother, age 18
    • Mohamed Abbas Khaleeli as Ravi, age 15
    • Ayan Khan as Ravi, age 7

Production

Development

Life of Pi is directed by Ang Lee and based on a screenplay by David Magee. The screenplay is adapted from the 2001 novel of the same name written by Yann Martel. Before Lee, the project had numerous directors and writers attached, and the Los Angeles Times credited Fox 2000 Pictures executive Elizabeth Gabler with keeping the project active.[4] Gabler in February 2003 had acquired the project to adapt Life of Pi into a film. She hired the screenwriter Dean Georgaris to write an adapted screenplay. In the following October, Fox 2000 announced a partnership with M. Night Shyamalan to direct the film. Shyamalan was attracted to the novel particularly because its protagonist also comes from Pondicherry (Puducherry) in India. The partners anticipated for Shyamalan to direct the film adaptation after completing The Village. Shyamalan also replaced Georgaris as the screenwriter, writing a new screenplay for the film.[5] Ultimately, Shyamalan chose to film Lady in the Water after The Village, and Fox 2000 Pictures decided to find another director. In March 2005, they entered talks with Alfonso Cuarón to become the director.[6] Shyamalan said in 2006, "I was hesitant [to direct] because the book has kind of a twist ending. And I was concerned that as soon as you put my name on it, everybody would have a different experience."[7]

Cuarón decided to direct Children of Men instead, and in October 2005, Fox 2000 Pictures hired Jean-Pierre Jeunet to direct the film. Jeunet began writing the adapted screenplay with Guillaume Laurant, and filming was scheduled to begin in mid-2006, partially in India.[8] Jeunet eventually left the project, and in February 2009, Fox 2000 Pictures hired Ang Lee to direct the film.[9] In May 2010, Lee and the producer Gil Netter proposed a reported budget of $70 million, at which the studio balked, placing the project's development on hold for a short time.[4] David Magee was hired to write the screenplay, as Lee began to spend several months looking for someone to cast as Pi.

Pre-production

After 3,000 men auditioned for the film's lead, in October 2010 Lee chose to cast Suraj Sharma, a 17-year-old student and an acting newcomer.[10] Upon receiving the role, Sharma underwent extensive training in ocean survival, as well as in yoga and meditation practices to prepare for the part.[11] Two months after Sharma was cast, it was announced that Gerard Depardieu would play the role of the Chef, Irrfan Khan would play the adult Pi. Aalif Surti, Development and Production head at Fox Star Studios, later revealed via Twitter that Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan had been highly recommended and seriously considered for the role, but was not approached in the end as he was too recognisable and his superstar presence would break consistency with the other casting choices. It was also announced that Adil Hussain would play Pi’s father, while Bollywood star Tabu was in talks to play the role of Pi’s mother.[12]

In April 2011, it was announced that Tobey Maguire would be joining the film in the role originally referred to as "a reporter."[13] However, in September 2012, it was announced that Lee had cut Tobey Maguire from the film. Lee justified the cut by stating that he did it "to be consistent with the other casting choices made for the film, I decided to go with an entirely international cast."[14] Like Shah Rukh Khan, Lee described Maguire's presence also as "too jarringly recognizable." He reshot the scenes with Rafe Spall in the role later referred to as the Writer.[14]

Production

Principal photography for the film began on January 18, 2011 in Pondicherry, India at the Holy Rosary Church in Muthialpet. Filming continued in Pondicherry until January 31 and moved to other parts of India, including the popular hill station of Munnar in Kerala, as well as Taiwan. The crew filmed in Taiwan for five and a half months in Taipei Zoo, an airport in Taichung, and Kenting National Park, located in Pingtung County where Lee was born.[15][16] Over there, the ocean scenes of the film were shot at a giant wave tank built by the crew in an abandoned airport.[17] The tank is known as the world’s largest self-generating wave tank, with a capacity of 1.7 million gallons.[18] After photography was completed in Taiwan, production moved back to India and concluded in Montreal, Canada.[10]

Post-production

The lead visual effects company for Life of Pi is Rhythm & Hues Studios (R&H) which has its corporate headquarters in El Segundo, California. 3D effects for the film were created by a team of artists from all of the R&H divisions, including locations in Mumbai and Hyderabad (India), Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Vancouver (Canada), and Kaohsiung (Taiwan).[19][20][21][22][23][24] Artist Abdul Rahman in the Malaysian branch underscored the global nature of the effects process, saying that "the special thing about Life Of Pi is that it was the first time we did something called remote rendering, where we engaged our cloud infrastructure in Taiwan called CAVE (Cloud Animation and Visual Effects)."[25]

The R&H Visual Effects Supervisor Bill Westenhofer said that discussions of the project began with Ang Lee in August 2009.[26] Westenhofer noted that Lee "knew we had done the lion in the first Narnia movie. He asked, 'Does a digital character look more or less real in 3D?' We looked at each other and thought that was a pretty good question."[27] He also stated that during these meetings, Lee said, "‘I look forward to making art with you.’ This was really for me one of the most rewarding things I’ve worked on and the first chance to really combine art with VFX. Every shot was artistic exploration, to make the ocean a character and make it interesting we had to strive to make it as visually stunning as possible.”[28] Rhythm & Hues spent a year on research and development, " building upon its already vast knowledge of CG animation" to develop the tiger.[29] The British Film Institute's Sight & Sound magazine suggested that, "Life of Pi can be seen as the film Rhythm & Hues has been building up to all these years, by taking things they learned from each production from Cats & Dogs to Yogi Bear, integrating their animals in different situations and environments, pushing them to do more, and understanding how all of this can succeed both visually and dramatically."[30]

Additional visual effects studios that worked on the film include yU+co, Buf, Crazy Horse Effects, Look Effects, Christov Effects, Lola VFX, Reliance Mediaworks, and Stereo D.[28]

The film's musical score was composed by Mychael Danna, who previously wrote the music to Lee's films The Ice Storm and Ride with the Devil. A soundtrack album of the music was released by Sony Music on November 19, 2012.[31] The album features the track "Pi's Lullaby," which was co-written by Danna and Bombay Jayashri, who performs the song in the Tamil language.[32] The nomination marks the first ever Tamil language song to be nominated for a Best Original Song Oscar.

Distribution

Marketing

Due to the film's holiday release, Life of Pi's financial success had been under review. Dorothy Pomerantz of Forbes said, "It looks like chances are very slim that the film will earn back its production and marketing costs let alone turn a profit." Pomerantz attributes this to the fact that film is not led by a big name star and faces other winter blockbusters.[33] John Horn and Ben Fritz of The Los Angeles Times compared the film to Martin Scorsese's Hugo, a large-budget 3D film that opened during the 2011 Thanksgiving week. They said that Life of Pi could have ended up like Hugo by "failing to connect with moviegoers" and become a "financial failure."[34] Similar speculation had been made by other news sources.[35][36]

Whether or not Hurricane Sandy would affect the film's publicity was also a question. Because the film includes a massive storm, it was speculated that the recent storm may result in lower box office revenue due to the unintentional overtones of Sandy's devastation. A Fox spokesperson made note that there were no plans to change the film’s marketing approach.[37]

During the marketing campaign for Life of Pi, the film was promoted as "the next Avatar" in trailers and TV spots.[38] James Cameron, the director of Avatar, later became the subject of two featurettes that focus on the film's 3D and computer-generated imagery.[39] In addition, the original novel was re-released in a movie tie-in edition.[40] This was later followed by the release of The Making of Life of Pi: A Film, a Journey, a book by Jean-Christophe Castelli that details how Life of Pi was brought to the big screen.[41]

Theatrical release

Life of Pi had a wide release in the United States on November 21, 2012 in both traditional and 3D viewing formats. It was originally scheduled to be released on December 14, 2012, but when The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey was announced for the same release date, Life of Pi was postponed a week. It was then shifted a month in advance.[42]

Home media

Life of Pi will be released on DVD and Blu-ray, on March 5, 2013.[43]

Reception

Box office

A commercial success, Life of Pi has earned an estimated $451,098,000 worldwide.[2] During its opening on the extended Thanksgiving weekend, the film debuted in 2,902 theaters throughout the United States and Canada and grossed an estimated $30 million.[44] The film did well internationally and is among one of the few Hollywood films to earn more in China than in the United States.[45]

Critical reception

Life of Pi received mostly favorable reviews from film critics. It has an 89% approval rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes based on 209 reviews.[46] On Metacritic, the film had an average score of 79 out of 100, based on 44 reviews, indicating "Generally favorable reviews."[47]

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave Life of Pi 4 out of 4 stars, referring to it as "a miraculous achievement of storytelling and a landmark of visual mastery" as well as "one of the best films of the year." He particularly praised the film's use of 3D that he described as "deepen[ing] the film's sense of places and events."[48] Comparatively, Peter Travers of Rolling Stone highlighted the use of 3D in the film suggesting that "like Hugo, from Martin Scorsese, Life of Pi puts 3D in the hands of a worldclass film artist. [Ang] Lee uses 3D with the delicacy and lyricism of a poet. You don't just watch this movie, you live it."[49] Parmita Borah of Eastern Fare says, "There is this one scene in particular where the entire ocean is covered with jelly fishes which makes you feel like 'this is what heaven must look like'."[50]

The Los Angeles Times critic Betsy Sharkey referred to the film as a "masterpiece," stating that

"There is always a poetic aesthetic that Lee brings to his best work — the brutal martial arts ballet of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon or the homophobic hatred against the backcountry grandeur of Brokeback Mountain, which would win him an Oscar for directing in 2006. In Life of Pi, certainly given its technological achievements, the filmmaker has raised the bar. Not since James Cameron's breathtaking blue Avatar in 2009 has 3-D had such impact."[51]

In an interview with the Los Angeles Times, the director James Cameron highlighted the use of 3D in the film stating that

"Life of Pi breaks the paradigm that 3-D has to be some big, action fantasy spectacle, superhero movie [....] The movie is visually amazing, inventive, and it works on you in ways you’re not really aware of. It takes you on a journey, and unless you’ve read the book -- which I hadn’t -- you have no idea where that journey is going. It does what good 3-D is supposed to do, which is, it allows you to forget you’re watching a 3-D movie."[52]

According to French journalist Marjolaine Gout, the movie is "a philosophical tale where Noah’s Ark metamorphoses into 'The Raft of the Medusa'". She adds that it is "a visual masterpiece" in which "Ang Lee proves, once again, his talent as a universal storyteller". She also writes about the visual poetry of the movie reminding viewers of the works of classical painters and the symbolic of kolams. The film got 8 out of 10 stars, the readers gave 7 stars.[53]

Yann Martel, the author of the novel on which the film is based, found the film to be a "delightful" adaptation, saying,

"I’m happy it works so well as a film. Even if the ending is not as ambiguous as the book’s, the possibility that there might be another version of Pi’s story comes at you unexpectedly and raises the same important questions about truth, perception and belief."[54]

A. O. Scott of the The New York Times was critical of the film's narrative frame, arguing that "the movie invites you to believe in all kinds of marvelous things, but it also may cause you to doubt what you see with your own eyes - or even to wonder if, in the end, you have seen anything at all." Scott further criticized the film for repressing the darker themes of the tale, "And also, more disturbingly, to repress the darker implications of the story, as if the presence of cruelty and senseless death might be too much for anyone to handle."[55] Nick Schager of The Village Voice also panned the film stating "A stacked-deck theological inquiry filtered through a Titanic-by-way-of–Slumdog Millionaire narrative, Life of Pi manages occasional spiritual wonder through its 3-D visuals but otherwise sinks like a stone."[56] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film 2 out of 5 stars, and states "despite some lovely images and those eyepopping effects, it is a shallow and self-important shaggy-dog story - or shaggy-tiger story."[57]

On his Twitter page, Actor Russell Crowe has praised the film, calling it "amazing" and a "beautiful film".[58]

In an interview with People, President Barack Obama said the film "was good - because we had read that book together."[59]

Controversies

A trust named after Carnatic musician Irayimman Thampi has accused Bombay Jayashri's Oscar-nominated song 'Pi's Lullaby' of not being an original composition. The trust has alleged that it is a word-by-word translation of composer Thampi's renowned lullaby in Malayalam Omanathinkal Kidavo. However Jayashri has denied the allegation.[60][61]

Accolades

List of awards and nominations
Award Category Winner/Nominee Result
85th Academy Awards[62] Best Picture Ang Lee, Gil Netter, David Womark Pending
Directing Ang Lee Pending
Adapted Screenplay David Magee Pending
Cinematography Claudio Miranda Pending
Production Design David Gropman (Production Design); Anna Pinnock (Set Decoration) Pending
Film Editing Tim Squyres Pending
Sound Editing Eugene Gearty, Philip Stockton Pending
Sound Mixing Ron Bartlett, D. M. Hemphill, Drew Kunin Pending
Visual Effects Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik-Jan de Boer and Donald R. Elliott Pending
Original Score Mychael Danna Pending
Original Song "Pi's Lullaby" from Life of Pi, Music by Mychael Danna; Lyric by Bombay Jayashri Pending
AFI Awards[63] Movies of the Year Ang Lee, Gil Netter and David Womark Won
Producers Guild of America Award[64] Outstanding Producer of Theatrical Motion Pictures Ang Lee, Gil Netter and David Womark Pending
Art Directors Guild[65] Excellence in Production Design for a Feature Film David Gropman Pending
Writers Guild of America Award[66] Adapted Screenplay David Magee Pending
Directors Guild of America Awards[67] Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Feature Film Ang Lee Pending
American Society of Cinematographers Awards[68] Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography Claudio Miranda Pending
66th British Academy Film Awards[69] Best Picture Ang Lee, Gil Netter, David Womark Pending
Director Ang Lee Pending
Adapted Screenplay David Magee Pending
Cinematography Claudio Miranda Pending
Production Design David Gropman, Anna Pinnock Pending
Editing Tim Squyres Pending
Sound Drew Kunin, Eugene Gearty, Philip Stockton, Ron Bartlett, D. M. Hemphill Pending
Special Visual Effects Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik-Jan de Boer Pending
Original Music Mychael Danna Pending
2nd AACTA International Awards[70] Best Film Ang Lee, Gil Netter, David Womark Pending
Best Direction Ang Lee Pending
Visual Effects Society Awards[71] VES Visionary Award Ang Lee Won
Outstanding Visual Effects in a Visual Effects - Driven Feature Motion Picture Thomas Fisher, Susan Macleod, Guillaume Rocheron, Bill Westenhofer Pending
Outstanding Animated Character in a Live Action Feature Motion Picture Richard Parker - Erik De Boer, Sean Comer, Betsy Asher Hall, Kai-Hua Lan Pending
Outstanding Created Environment in a Live Action Feature Motion Picture Open Ocean - Jason Bayever, Sho Hasegawa, Jimmy Jewell, Walt Jones Pending
Outstanding FX and Simulation Animation in a Live Action Feature Motion Picture Storm of God - Harry Mukhopadhyay, David Stopford, Mark Williams, Derek Wolfe Pending
Ocean - Jason Bayever, David Horsley, Scott Townsend, Miles Vignol Pending
Outstanding Compositing in a Feature Motion Picture Storm of God - Ryan Clarke, Jose Fernandez, Sean Oharas, Hamish Schumacher Pending
Annie Awards[72] Character Animation in a Live Action Production Orangutan - Erik de Boer, Amanda Dague, Matt Brown, Mary Lynn Machado, Aaron Grey Pending
Tiger - Erik de Boer, Matt Shumway, Brian Wells, Vinayak Pawar, Michael Holzl Pending
Palm Springs International Film Festival[73] Frederick Loewe Award Mychael Danna Won
Online Film Critics Society[74] Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Nominated
Alliance of Women Film Journalists[75] Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Chicago Film Critics Association[76] Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Nominated
Houston Film Critics Society[77] Best Cinemaography Claudio Miranda Nominated
Best Original Score Mychael Danna Nominated
Technical achievement   Nominated
Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards 2012[78] Top Ten Films   Won
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
18th Critics' Choice Awards[79] Best Picture   Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Nominated
Young Actor Suraj Sharma Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay David Magee Nominated
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Best Art Direction David Gropman/Production Designer; Anna Pinnock/Set Decorator Nominated
Best Editing Tim Squyres Nominated
Best Visual Effects   Won
Best Score Mychael Danna Nominated
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards[80] Best Director Ang Lee Won
70th Golden Globe Awards[81] Best Motion Picture – Drama   Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Nominated
Best Original Score Mychael Danna Won
International 3D Society[82] Harold Lloyd Award Ang Lee Won
Las Vegas Film Critics Society[83] Best Picture   Won
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Best Visual Effects   Won
Best Score Mychael Danna Won
Youth in Film Suraj Sharma Won
12th New York Film Critics Online Awards[84] Top 10 Films of 2012   Won
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Phoenix Film Critics Society[85] Top Ten Films   Won
Best Director Ang Lee Nominated
Best Live Action Family Film   Won
Best Original Score Mychael Danna Nominated
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Best Film Editing Tim Squyres Nominated
Best Visual Effects   Won
Breakthrough Performance On Camera Suraj Sharma Nominated
17th Satellite Awards[86] Best Picture   Nominated
Adapted Screenplay David Magee Won
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Best Sound Mixing & Editing Drew Kunin, Eugene Gearty, Philip Stockton Nominated
Best Visual Effects Bill Westenhofer Nominated
St. Louis Film Critics[87] Best Film   Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay David Magee Nominated
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Nominated
Best Visual Effects   Won
Washington D. C. Area Film Critics Association[88] Best Adapted Screenplay David Magee Nominated
Best Cinematography Claudio Miranda Won
Women Film Critics Circle Best Family Film Life of Pi - Tied with Rise of the Guardians Won


 







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L'utente può utilizzare il sito ELINGUE solo se comprende e accetta quanto segue:

  • le risorse e i servizi linguistici presentati all'interno della cartella di sito denominata ELINGUE (www.englishgratis.com/elingue) , d'ora in poi definita "ELINGUE", sono accessibili solo previa sottoscrizione di un abbonamento a pagamento e si possono utilizzare esclusivamente per uso personale e non commerciale con tassativa esclusione di ogni condivisione comunque effettuata. Tutti i diritti sono riservati. La riproduzione anche parziale è vietata senza autorizzazione scritta.
  • si precisa altresì che il nome del sito EnglishGratis, che ospita ELINGUE, è esclusivamente un marchio di fantasia e un nome di dominio internet che fa riferimento alla disponibilità sul sito di un numero molto elevato di risorse gratuite e non implica dunque in alcun modo una promessa di gratuità relativamente a prodotti e servizi nostri o di terze parti pubblicizzati a mezzo banner e link, o contrassegnati chiaramente come prodotti a pagamento (anche ma non solo con la menzione "Annuncio pubblicitario"), o comunque menzionati nelle pagine del sito ma non disponibili sulle pagine pubbliche, non protette da password, del sito stesso. In particolare sono esclusi dalle pretese di gratuità i seguenti prodotti a pagamento: il nuovo abbonamento ad ELINGUE, i corsi 20 ORE e le riviste English4Life. L'utente che abbia difficoltà a capire il significato del marchio English Gratis o la relazione tra risorse gratuite e risorse a pagamento è pregato di contattarci per le opportune delucidazioni PRIMA DI UTILIZZARE IL SITO onde evitare spiacevoli equivoci.
  • ELINGUE è riservato in linea di massima ad utenti singoli (privati o aziendali). Qualora si sia interessati ad abbonamenti multi-utente si prega di contattare la redazione per un'offerta ad hoc.
  • l'utente si impegna a non rivelare a nessuno i dati di accesso che gli verranno comunicati (nome utente e password)
  • coloro che si abbonano accettano di ricevere le nostre comunicazioni di servizio (newsletter e mail singole) che sono l'unico tramite di comunicazione tra noi e il nostro abbonato, e servono ad informare l'abbonato della scadenza imminente del suo abbonamento e a comunicargli in anticipo eventuali problematiche tecniche e di manutenzione che potrebbero comportare l'indisponibilità transitoria del sito.
  • Nel quadro di una totale trasparenza e cortesia verso l'utente, l'abbonamento NON si rinnova automaticamente. Per riabbonarsi l'utente dovrà di nuovo effettuare la procedura che ha dovuto compiere la prima volta che si è abbonato.
  • Le risorse costituite da codici di embed di YouTube e di altri siti che incoraggiano lo sharing delle loro risorse (video, libri, audio, immagini, foto ecc.) sono ovviamente di proprietà dei rispettivi siti. L'utente riconosce e accetta che 1) il sito di sharing che ce ne consente l'uso può in ogni momento revocare la disponibilità della risorsa 2) l'eventuale pubblicità che figura all'interno delle risorse non è inserita da noi ma dal sito di sharing 3) eventuali violazioni di copyright sono esclusiva responsabilità del sito di sharing mentre è ovviamente nostra cura scegliere risorse solo da siti di sharing che pratichino una politica rigorosa di controllo e interdizione delle violazioni di copyright.
  • Nel caso l'utente riscontri nel sito una qualsiasi violazione di copyright, è pregato di segnalarcelo immediatamente per consentirci interventi di verifica ed eventuale rimozione del contenuto in questione. I contenuti rimossi saranno, nel limite del possibile, sostituiti con altri contenuti analoghi che non violano il copyright.
  • I servizi linguistici da noi forniti sulle pagine del sito ma erogati da aziende esterne (per esempio, la traduzione interattiva di Google Translate e Bing Translate realizzata rispettivamente da Google e da Microsoft, la vocalizzazione Text To Speech dei testi inglesi fornita da ReadSpeaker, il vocabolario inglese-italiano offerto da Babylon con la sua Babylon Box, il servizio di commenti sociali DISQUS e altri) sono ovviamente responsabilità di queste aziende esterne. Trattandosi di servizi interattivi basati su web, possono esserci delle interruzioni di servizio in relazione ad eventi di manutenzione o di sovraccarico dei server su cui non abbiamo alcun modo di influire. Per esperienza, comunque, tali interruzioni sono rare e di brevissima durata, saremo comunque grati ai nostri utenti che ce le vorranno segnalare.
  • Per quanto riguarda i servizi di traduzione automatica l'utente prende atto che sono forniti "as is" dall'azienda esterna che ce li eroga (Google o Microsoft). Nonostante le ovvie limitazioni, sono strumenti in continuo perfezionamento e sono spesso in grado di fornire all'utente, anche professionale, degli ottimi suggerimenti e spunti per una migliore traduzione.
  • In merito all'utilizzabilità del sito ELINGUE su tablet e cellulari a standard iOs, Android, Windows Phone e Blackberry facciamo notare che l'assenza di standard comuni si ripercuote a volte sulla fruibilità di certe prestazioni tipiche del nostro sito (come il servizio ReadSpeaker e la traduzione automatica con Google Translate). Mentre da parte nostra è costante lo sforzo di rendere sempre più compatibili il nostro sito con il maggior numero di piattaforme mobili, non possiamo però assicurare il pieno raggiungimento di questo obiettivo in quanto non dipende solo da noi. Chi desidera abbonarsi è dunque pregato di verificare prima di perfezionare l'abbonamento la compatibilità del nostro sito con i suoi dispositivi informatici, mobili e non, utilizzando le pagine di esempio che riproducono una pagina tipo per ogni tipologia di risorsa presente sul nostro sito. Non saranno quindi accettati reclami da parte di utenti che, non avendo effettuato queste prove, si trovino poi a non avere un servizio corrispondente a quello sperato. In tutti i casi, facciamo presente che utilizzando browser come Chrome e Safari su pc non mobili (desktop o laptop tradizionali) si ha la massima compatibilità e che il tempo gioca a nostro favore in quanto mano a mano tutti i grandi produttori di browser e di piattaforme mobili stanno convergendo, ognuno alla propria velocità, verso standard comuni.
  • Il sito ELINGUE, diversamente da English Gratis che vive anche di pubblicità, persegue l'obiettivo di limitare o non avere affatto pubblicità sulle proprie pagine in modo da garantire a chi studia l'assenza di distrazioni. Le uniche eccezioni sono 1) la promozione di alcuni prodotti linguistici realizzati e/o garantiti da noi 2) le pubblicità incorporate dai siti di sharing direttamente nelle risorse embeddate che non siamo in grado di escludere 3) le pubblicità eventualmente presenti nei box e player che servono ad erogare i servizi linguistici interattivi prima citati (Google, Microsoft, ReadSpeaker, Babylon ecc.).
  • Per quanto riguarda le problematiche della privacy, non effettuiamo alcun tracciamento dell'attività dell'utente sul nostro sito neppure a fini statistici. Tuttavia non possiamo escludere che le aziende esterne che ci offrono i loro servizi o le loro risorse in modalità sharing effettuino delle operazioni volte a tracciare le attività dell'utente sul nostro sito. Consigliamo quindi all'utente di utilizzare browser che consentano la disattivazione in blocco dei tracciamenti o l'inserimento di apposite estensioni di browser come Ghostery che consentono all'utente di bloccare direttamente sui browser ogni agente di tracciamento.
  • Le risposte agli utenti nella sezione di commenti sociali DISQUS sono fornite all'interno di precisi limiti di accettabilità dei quesiti posti dall'utente. Questi limiti hanno lo scopo di evitare che il servizio possa essere "abusato" attraverso la raccolta e sottoposizione alla redazione di ELINGUE di centinaia o migliaia di quesiti che intaserebbero il lavoro della redazione. Si prega pertanto l'utente di leggere attentamente e comprendere le seguenti limitazioni d'uso del servizio:
    - il servizio è moderato per garantire che non vengano pubblicati contenuti fuori tema o inadatti all'ambiente di studio online
    - la redazione di ELINGUE si riserva il diritto di editare gli interventi degli utenti per correzioni ortografiche e per chiarezza
    - il servizio è erogato solo agli utenti abbonati registrati gratuitamente al servizio di commenti sociali DISQUS
    - l'utente non può formulare più di un quesito al giorno
    - un quesito non può contenere, salvo eccezioni, più di una domanda
    - un utente non può assumere più nomi, identità o account di Disqus per superare i limiti suddetti
    - nell'ambito del servizio non sono forniti servizi di traduzione
    - la redazione di ELINGUE gestisce la priorità delle risposte in modo insindacabile da parte dell'utente
    - in tutti i casi, la redazione di ELINGUE è libera in qualsiasi momento di de-registrare temporaneamente l'utente abbonato dal
      servizio DISQUS qualora sussistano fondati motivi a suo insindacabile giudizio. La misura verrà comunque attuata solo in casi di
      eccezionale gravità.
  • L'utente, inoltre, accetta di tenere Casiraghi Jones Publishing SRL indenne da qualsiasi tipo di responsabilità per l'uso - ed eventuali conseguenze di esso - delle informazioni linguistiche e grammaticali contenute sul sito, in particolare, nella sezione Disqus. Le nostre risposte grammaticali sono infatti improntate ad un criterio di praticità e pragmaticità che a volte è in conflitto con la rigidità delle regole "ufficiali" che tendono a proporre un inglese schematico e semplificato dimenticando la ricchezza e variabilità della lingua reale. Anche l'occasionale difformità tra le soluzioni degli esercizi e le regole grammaticali fornite nella grammatica va concepita come stimolo a formulare domande alla redazione onde poter spiegare più nei dettagli le particolarità della lingua inglese che non possono essere racchiuse in un'opera grammaticale di carattere meramente introduttivo come la nostra grammatica online.

    ELINGUE è un sito di Casiraghi Jones Publishing SRL
    Piazzale Cadorna 10 - 20123 Milano - Italia
    Tel. 02-36553040 - Fax 02-3535258 email: robertocasiraghi@iol.it 
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