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WIKIMAG n. 6 - Maggio 2013
Alternative for Germany
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Alternative for Germany (German:
Alternative für Deutschland),
abbreviated to AfD, is a
eurosceptic[4]
political party in Germany that plans to compete in the
German federal election in September 2013. It sees itself as anti-Euro,
but
pro-Europe and pro-EU.[5][6][7]
The party's central argument is that the
Euro is a
failed currency that threatens
European integration by impoverishing countries with uncompetitive
economies, while financially ruining countries with competitive
economies.[8]
More than two-thirds of its initial supporters hold doctorates,[9]
giving it the nickname the "Professors' Party". According to opinion
polls, about a quarter of the German electorate may consider voting for
a party that advocates a German exit from the
eurozone.[10][11]
In April 2013, the party held its first convention in
Berlin,
which was attended by about 1,500 supporters. The convention elected the
party leadership and adopted the party platform. The three elected
speakers are the economist
Bernd Lucke, the entrepreneur
Frauke Petry, and the publicist
Konrad Adam.[12][13][14]
History
In September 2012, Alexander Gauland, Bernd Lucke, Konrad Adam and
Gerd Robanus founded the political group "Wahlalternative 2013"
(translated: "Election alternative 2013") with the aim of opposing the
German government's policies dealing with the
eurozone crisis. Their
manifesto was endorsed by a number of prominent economists,
journalists, and business leaders.[15]
The group criticized the
eurozone as an unsuitable area for a
currency union. The group further argued that the crisis management
of the
Eurogroup was impoverishing ordinary people in southern eurozone
countries and was eroding basic democratic principles of governance.[16]
After a short and unsuccessful alliance with the
Free Voters, a small eurocritical party, the group decided in
February 2013 to start a new party to compete in the federal elections
of 2013. During
British Prime Minister
David Cameron's visit to Germany on 12 April 2013, his
Conservative Party contacted both Alternative for Germany and the
Free Voters to hold talks about possible cooperation, especially through
the
European Conservatives and Reformists.[17]
Konrad Adam (left), Frauke Petry and Bernd Lucke during the
first AfD convention on 14 April 2013 in Berlin
Supporters
Leading supporters include Konrad Adam, Charles Blankart, Alexander
Gauland, Wilhelm Hankel, Stefan Homburg, Bernd Lucke,[18]
Karl Albrecht Schachtschneider, and Joachim Starbatty, many of whom
are economists and/or former members of the
Christian Democratic Union. Hankel and Schachtschneider have
previously challenged the constitutionality of the German government's
eurozone policies at the
German Constitutional Court.[18][19][20]
The Party seeks to be seen as moderate, academic and middle class,
trying to remove
far-right elements who support the anti-Euro policy.[9]
Policy
The party's election platform contains broad goals on currency
policy, European policy, the
rule of law and democracy, public finance and taxes, pensions,
energy policy, and immigration policy.[21]
The section on currency policy provides the main part of the program.
With regards to other policy fields, the party's main themes are to
relocate some responsibilities back to national governments from the
European level, to introduce elements of
direct democracy, and to strengthen elements of ownership and self
responsibility.
Specific goals include:
- The no-bailout clause of the
Maastricht Treaty must be respected.
- Countries must be able to leave the
eurozone to form alternative monetary unions or establish
parallel currencies.
- Secondary market interventions by the
European Central Bank should stop.
- The cost of
bailouts should be borne primarily by the private sector.
- All transfer of sovereignty to the
European Union must be legitimized by
plebiscite.[4]
Electoral
potential
A representative
opinion poll conducted in April by Infratest dimap determined that
24% of the German electorate may potentially vote for the Alternative
for Germany in the upcoming
general election. The results of the poll were as follows: certainly
yes 7%, possibly yes 17%, possibly no 15%, certainly no 59%. The party
is particularly successful in
Eastern Germany (27%), with women (27%), the less educated (33%),
and the young (36%). The party draws support from across the political
spectrum:
Die Linke (29%),
SPD (21%),
Greens (14%),
CDU/CSU
(19%), and is particularly successful with voters of small parties
(46%), non-voters (31%), and the undecided (32%).[22]
The poll had a margin of error of 1.4%–3.1%.[23]
These potential vote figures compare with those the
Pirate Party Germany reached in 2012 (when they were occasionally
reaching 30% in opinion polling while at the height of media attention)
whose opinion poll levels have subsequently fallen to much lower levels.[24][25]
Germany's traditional political parties have criticized AfD's
platform as populist and nationalist.[26]
Other commentators have rejected such terms, but do concede that the
party is a protest party.[27][25]
The U.S. Think tank
Stratfor sees growing public support for the AfD that "reveals a
developing awareness among German voters of economic risks related to
the eurozone. Although it is unlikely to challenge mainstream parties in
September elections, support for this new group could prompt those
parties to adopt a Euroskeptical stance, a phenomenon that is already
occurring in other European countries."[28]
Notes
References
- ^
a
b
Paulick, Jane (5 May 2013).
"German Euro-Skeptic Party Gaining Ground". Spiegel
Online International: German Election Blog.
Retrieved 8 May 2013.
-
^
Großer Zustrom für die AfD in NRW (in German) in:
rp-online.de, 30 April 2013
-
^ Although Paulus
(FDP Hesse) changed allegiance to AfD, he was not voted in as
such, though Der Spiegel say differently "Jochen Paulus switched
parties from the FDP to Alternative for Germany, thereby
becoming its first representative".
-
^
a
b
Nicolaus Heinen,
"Alternative für Deutschland: A German Eurosceptic movement?,"
Deutsche Bank, DB Research, German Policy Watch (4 March 2013).
-
^ Carla Bleiker
"German party says 'no' to the euro, 'yes' to the EU"
Deutsche Welle (11 March 2013)
-
^ Bojan Panceski
Rebels desert Merkel to launch anti-euro front
The Sunday Times (17 March 2013)
-
^
Euroscepticism in Germany: Silent no more
The Economist (22 March 2013)
-
^ Matthew Boesler,
"Meet Bernd Lucke, the German professor who might be responsible
for Europe's harsh new strategy"
Business Insider (28 March 2013)
- ^
a
b
Nicholas Kulish and Melissa Eddy,
German elites drawn to anti-Euro party, spelling trouble for
Merkel
The New York Times (15 April 2013)
-
^
(German)
"Wählerpotenzial für deutsche Anti-Euro-Partei," Die Welt
(10 March 2013)
-
^
One in four Germans would back anti-euro party, Reuters (11
March 2013)
-
^
(German) Joachim Jahn,
Aufstand gegen Merkels „alternativlose Politik“
FAZ (14 April 2013)
-
^
(English) Noah Barkin,
Don't underestimate Germany's new anti-euro party Reuters
(14 April 2013)
-
^
(English) Jeevan Vasagar,
1,000 Germans abandon Angela Merkel for Eurosceptic party
The Daily Telegraph, UK, 14 April 2013
-
^
Founders and activists of the political group "Election
initiative".
-
^
(German) Günther Lachmann,
“Anti-Euro-Partei geißelt die Politik der Kanzlerin”
(Anti-Euro-Party flagellates the politics of the Chancellor),
Die Welt, 3 March 2013.
-
^
Tories build secret alliance with Eurosceptics behind
Merkel's back,
The Daily Telegraph, UK, 12 April 2013.
-
^
a
b
Matthew Boesler,
"A small band of German professors is the hottest new threat to
the future of the Euro," Business Insider (4 March 2013).
-
^ Tony Czuczka,
"German Euro Foes to Found Party in Merkel Election Challenge,"
Bloomberg (4 March 2013).
-
^
(German) Winand von Petersdorff-Campen,
"Die neue Anti-Euro-Partei", Frankfurter Allgemeine (4 March
2013).
-
^
"Eurosceptic party Alternative für Deutschland on the rise?".
Deutsche Bank DB Research. 17 April 2013.
Retrieved 2013-04-19.
-
^
(German) Manuel Bewarder and Jochen Gaugele,
"24 Prozent liebäugeln mit Wahl der Anti-Euro-Partei", Die
Welt (6 April 2013).
-
^
(German) Infratest dimap,
"Hohe Akzeptanz für Anti-Euro-Kurs – Umfrage zur "Alternative
für Deutschland"
-
^
Boesler, Matthew (22 April 2013).
"http://www.businessinsider.com/alternative-fur-deutschland-polls-at-5-percent-2013-4".
Business Insider.
Retrieved 2 May 2013.
- ^
a
b
Heinen,
Nicolaus (17 April 2013).
"Eurosceptic party Alternative für Deutschland on the rise?".
Deutsche Bank: German Policy Watch.
Retrieved 9 May 2013.
-
^
Deutsche Welle Alternative for Germany Party calls for
abolition of euro – 14 April 2013.
-
^
"Anti-euro party aims to tip German election". The Local,
Germany. 15 April 2013.
Retrieved 30 April 2013.
-
^
Stratfor:In Germany, Support Grows for an Anti-Euro Party,
25 April 2013.
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