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CONTENTS

  1. Academy of the Sierras
  2. Anopsology
  3. Atkins Nutritional Approach
  4. Best Bet Diet
  5. Blood type diet
  6. BRAT diet
  7. Buddhist cuisine
  8. Cabbage soup diet
  9. Calorie restriction
  10. Calorie Restriction Society
  11. Carbwiser
  12. Detox diet
  13. Diabetic diet
  14. Diet
  15. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
  16. Dietary laws
  17. Dieting
  18. Dieting myth
  19. Dietitian
  20. Dr. Hay diet
  21. Duke Diet and Fitness Center
  22. Fasting
  23. Fatfield Diet
  24. Fit for Life
  25. Food faddism
  26. Food Separation Diet
  27. F-plan
  28. Freeganism
  29. French Women Don't Get Fat
  30. Fruitarianism
  31. Gerson diet
  32. Gluten-free beer
  33. Gluten-free, casein-free diet
  34. Gluten-free diet
  35. Graham Diet
  36. Grapefruit diet
  37. Hechsher
  38. High protein diet
  39. Horace Fletcher
  40. Hunza diet
  41. Indigenous Australian food groups
  42. Inedia
  43. Islamic dietary laws
  44. Israeli Army diet
  45. Ital
  46. Juice fasting
  47. Kashrut
  48. Ketogenic diet
  49. Kosher foods
  50. Lacto vegetarianism
  51. Leptoprin
  52. List of diets
  53. Living foods diet
  54. Low-carbohydrate diet
  55. Macrobiotic diet
  56. Mediterranean diet
  57. Metabolic typing
  58. Montignac diet
  59. Natural Foods Diet
  60. Negative calorie diet
  61. No-Grain Diet
  62. Okinawa diet
  63. Ornish Diet
  64. Paleolithic diet
  65. Pectarianism
  66. Plant-based diet
  67. pollo vegetarianism
  68. Polymeal
  69. Ralstonism
  70. Rice Diet
  71. Sardine diet
  72. Slim Fast
  73. Soft diet
  74. Solon diet
  75. Sonoma diet
  76. South Beach diet
  77. Sunlight diet
  78. Taboo food and drink
  79. Taoist diet
  80. The 10% Solution for a Healthy Life
  81. The Cambridge Diet
  82. The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet
  83. The Diet Smart Plan
  84. The Fat Smash Diet
  85. The Hacker's Diet
  86. The Shangri-La Diet
  87. Traditional diet
  88. Unclean animals
  89. Veganism
  90. Vegetarianism
  91. Very Low Calorie Diet
  92. Warrior Diet
  93. Water fasting
  94. Weight Watchers
  95. Yo-yo dieting
 



THE DIETS BOOK
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_faddism

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Food faddism

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Food faddism and fad diet are terms which refer to the tendency for idiosyncratic diets and eating patterns. A fad diet is supposed and promoted to improve health but may do nothing at all, or even have the opposite results if it is nutritionally unbalanced and unconfirmed by scientific studies.

There are three categories of food fads [1]: 1. One virtue of a particular food or food group is exaggerated and purported to cure specific diseases, and is therefore incorporated as the main constituent of an individual’s diet. 2. Foods are eliminated from an individual’s diet because they are viewed as harmful. 3. An emphasis is placed on eating certain foods to express a particular lifestyle. Some food fads may incorporate a combination of categories.

Zen macrobiotic diets are considered to be the most dangerous type of food faddism[1]. George Oshawa, in his book Zen Macrobiotics, promoted a 10-stage diet to create a spiritual awakening or rebirth. The nutritional plan claims to prevent and cure all diseases. The 10 stages of dietary restriction gradually eliminate certain foods such as animal products, fruits, and vegetables; emphasis is placed on whole-grain cereals. Each stage has a recommended percentage of each type of food group to include in the diet. By the tenth stage, cereals constitute 100% of the dietary intake.


In some cases, food faddism is considered a form of child abuse. An article in the British Medical Journal provides case studies of four infants who suffered from severe nutritional disorders as a result of parental food faddism[2] Extreme faddist diets are often lacking in total energy, suitable protein, fat-soluble vitamins, and some minerals that are essential for growing children.


Food faddism is common in New Age spirituality - compare Breatharianism.

Contents

  • 1 Scientific View
  • 2 See also
  • 3 References
  • 4 External links

Scientific View

Many forms of food faddism are supported by pseudo-scientific claims. Fad diets claim to be scientific but do not follow the scientific method in establishing their validity. One way in which food faddism can be identified as being pseudoscience is that the findings of genuine science are open to revisions, whereas pseudo-scientific claims are not[3]. Another way to verify if a fad diet is pseudoscience is that the observations made that prompt an explanation are also used as evidence to confirm the same explanation[3]. Many individuals who adhere to fad diets will not consider recommendations made by nutritionists and dieticians[1].

The evidence supporting weight loss enhanced by anything other than caloric restriction is lacking[4]. There is also a lack of evidence to support that fad diets produce sustainable weight loss. Fad diets generally ignore or refute what is known about fundamental associations between dietary pattern and human health[4]. In doing so they lend themselves to the arena of pseudoscience.


Some of the scientific community say that food faddism is merely born of ignorance about basic scientific dietary facts. Weight loss experts like Richard Simmons, who tried numerous methods at the cost of his health in his youth, strongly discourage them as not only unhealthy, but also counter-productive in the long term.


Diets commonly accused of faddism:

  • Atkins diet
  • Breatharian
  • South Beach Diet
  • Nutrisystem
  • Weight Watchers
  • Grapefruit Diet
  • Jenny Craig
  • Zen macrobiotic diet

See also

  • Diet
  • Nutrition
  • Dieting
  • Dieting myth
  • Pseudoscience
  • Quackery
  • New Age
  • Healthy diet
  • Food guide pyramid
  • Obesity
  • Junk Food
  • Fast Food

References

  1. ^ a b c McBean, Lois D. M.S., R.D. and Elwood W. Speckmann Ph.D. (1974). Food faddism: a challenge to nutritionists and dietitians. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 27, 1071-1078.
  2. ^ Roberts, I.F., West, R.J., Ogilvie, D, and M J Dillon. (1979). Malnutrition in infants receiving cult diets: a form of child abuse. British Medical Journal: 1(6159): 296–298.
  3. ^ a b Carey, S (2004). A beginner's guide to the scientific method. Third Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
  4. ^ a b Katz, D.L., (2003). Pandemic obesity and the contagion of nutritional nonsense. Public Health Reviews: 31(1):33-44.

External links

  • Food Faddism Medicdirect - Comprehensive UK Health Information
  • Nutrition Quackery/Faddism Columbia College
  • How to Spot a Crazy and Ridiculous Weight Loss Method
  • FadDiet.com -- a humor site reviewing some of the more common fad diets
  • The Lose Weight Diet -- the "anti-fad" weight loss diet plan


 

Image:Glass_of_wine.png  This food-and-drink-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_faddism"

 

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