WIKIBOOKS
DISPONIBILI
?????????

ART
- Great Painters
BUSINESS&LAW
- Accounting
- Fundamentals of Law
- Marketing
- Shorthand
CARS
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GAMES&SPORT
- Videogames
- The World of Sports

COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
- Blogs
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- PHP Language and Applications
- Wikipedia
- Windows Vista

EDUCATION
- Education
LITERATURE
- Masterpieces of English Literature
LINGUISTICS
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- English Dictionaries
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MEDICINE
- Medical Emergencies
- The Theory of Memory
MUSIC&DANCE
- The Beatles
- Dances
- Microphones
- Musical Notation
- Music Instruments
SCIENCE
- Batteries
- Nanotechnology
LIFESTYLE
- Cosmetics
- Diets
- Vegetarianism and Veganism
TRADITIONS
- Christmas Traditions
NATURE
- Animals

- Fruits And Vegetables



ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. Accrisoft
  2. Active calendar
  3. ActiveState Komodo
  4. AdLogger
  5. Apache HTTP Server
  6. AutoContent
  7. BakeSale
  8. Bblocked
  9. BBlog
  10. BbPress
  11. Beehive Forum
  12. B2evolution
  13. Bluefish
  14. Chlorine Boards
  15. CMScout
  16. CMSimple
  17. CMS Made Simple
  18. Content Protector
  19. Coppermine Photo Gallery
  20. CRE Loaded
  21. Cutenews
  22. DB DataObject FormBuilder
  23. Divine
  24. Dokeos
  25. DotOrg
  26. Dragonfly CMS
  27. Dreamweaver
  28. Drupal
  29. Dynamic Web page
  30. E107
  31. Eclipse
  32. 25 Essential PHP Functions
  33. FusionBB
  34. Gallery Project
  35. Gedit
  36. Group-Office
  37. HawHaw
  38. IceBB
  39. 4images
  40. Introduction to PHP
  41. Introduction to PHP Learning Guide
  42. IonCube Ltd.
  43. JEdit
  44. Joomla
  45. LAMP
  46. Linux
  47. List of PHP editors
  48. List of PHP libraries
  49. Maguma
  50. Mambo
  51. MediaWiki
  52. MetaBB
  53. Midgard
  54. MiniBB
  55. Monkey Boards
  56. Moodle
  57. MySQL
  58. Ning
  59. Nucleus CMS
  60. Nuke-Evolution
  61. NuSphere Corporation
  62. OpenPHPNuke
  63. Orbit42-Base
  64. OsCommerce
  65. Paamayim Nekudotayim
  66. Phalanger
  67. Php
  68. PHP accelerator
  69. PhpBB
  70. PhpBB Reloaded
  71. PHP Constants
  72. PHPDoc
  73. PhpDocumentor
  74. PHPEdit
  75. PHP Excel Reader
  76. PHP Extension Community Library
  77. PhpGedView
  78. PHP-GTK
  79. PhpLDAPadmin
  80. PHP License
  81. Phplist
  82. PhpMyAdmin
  83. PhpMyVisites
  84. Phpns
  85. PHP-Nuke
  86. PhpPgAdmin
  87. PhpWiki
  88. PmWiki
  89. PostNuke
  90. PSPad
  91. PunBB
  92. PuzzleApps
  93. Quanta Plus
  94. Rasmus Lerdorf
  95. ReallySimpleCMS
  96. Refbase
  97. RGameScript Pro
  98. Santy
  99. SciTE
  100. Serendipity weblog
  101. Simple Machines Forum
  102. SimpleXML
  103. SiteFrame
  104. Smarty
  105. SquirrelMail
  106. Textpattern
  107. Thatware
  108. Think Tank Forums
  109. TikiWiki
  110. TorrentVolve
  111. TYPO3
  112. UBB.threads
  113. UltraEdit
  114. UNITED-NUKE
  115. Variables in PHP
  116. VBulletin
  117. WakkaWiki
  118. Web Application Structure for PHP
  119. Webwm
  120. Wikindx
  121. WikkaWiki
  122. WordPress
  123. WordPress MU
  124. Xaraya
  125. XOOPS
  126. Zen Cart
  127. Zend Engine
  128. Zend Studio
  129. Zend Technologies
  130. Zentri
  131. ZPanel

 



PHP LANGUAGE AND PRODUCTS
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

MediaWiki

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 
Not to be confused with The Wikimedia Foundation.

MediaWiki is a wiki software package licensed under the GNU General Public License. It is written in PHP and uses either the MySQL or PostgreSQL relational database management system. MediaWiki was first developed to serve the needs of Wikipedia, a free wiki-based encyclopedia, but it has since become one of the most popular general wiki solutions. Today, it is used by all projects of the Wikimedia Foundation, all wikis hosted by Wikia, and many other popular and large wikis.[1] It has also been deployed by companies as an internal knowledge management solution, and as a content management system. Notably, Novell uses it to operate several of its high traffic websites, which are not editable by the general public.[2]

MediaWiki provides a rich core feature set and a mechanism to attach extensions to provide additional functionality. Due to the strong emphasis on multilinguality in the Wikimedia projects, internationalization has received significant attention by developers. The user interface has been fully or partially translated into more than 70 languages, and can be further customized by site administrators (the entire interface is editable through the wiki). Because Wikipedia is one of the world's largest websites, achieving scalability through multiple layers of caching and database replication has also been a major concern for developers. Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects continue to define a large part of the requirement set for MediaWiki.

History

The software was originally written for Wikipedia by the German University of Cologne student and developer Magnus Manske. Wikipedia had previously used a small wiki engine called UseModWiki written in Perl. On January 25, 2002, Wikipedia was switched to Manske's software to offer more functionality and build upon a scalable infrastructure (i.e. a MySQL database). However, the first implementation actually led to significant performance issues, and the software was substantially rewritten by Lee Daniel Crocker. Later on, Brion Vibber would take up the role of release manager and most active developer.

Since the release of the first version of Manske's script, the software had been given multiple nicknames representing the state of development—"the PHP script", "phase II", "phase III", "the new codebase"—but no product name. After the Wikimedia Foundation was announced on June 20, 2003, the name "MediaWiki" was coined by Wikipedia contributor Daniel Mayer as a play on "Wikimedia," [3] and the name was gradually phased in beginning in August 2003. The name has frequently caused confusion due to its intentional similarity to the "Wikimedia" name (which itself is similar to "Wikipedia"). Nevertheless, "MediaWiki" has become a recognizable brand, with a Google search yielding over 370 million results on the name in September 2006.

The product logo was created using a flower photograph taken by Florence Nibart-Devouard, and was originally submitted to an international logo contest for a new Wikipedia logo held in summer 2003. The logo came in third place, and was chosen to represent MediaWiki instead of Wikipedia, with the second place logo used for the Wikimedia Foundation and the first place logo for Wikipedia itself.

Release history

Editing interface of MediaWiki 1.7 as rendered in Firefox, showing the edit toolbar and some examples of wiki syntax.
Editing interface of MediaWiki 1.7 as rendered in Firefox, showing the edit toolbar and some examples of wiki syntax.
Images can be arranged in galleries, a feature that is used extensively for Wikimedia's media archive, Wikimedia Commons.
Images can be arranged in galleries, a feature that is used extensively for Wikimedia's media archive, Wikimedia Commons.


 

Key features

Links

Users can configure custom JavaScript that is executed on every pageview. This has led to JavaScript tools that users can "install", such as navigation pop-ups, small previews of articles which are shown when hovering over link titles.
Users can configure custom JavaScript that is executed on every pageview. This has led to JavaScript tools that users can "install", such as navigation pop-ups, small previews of articles which are shown when hovering over link titles.
Some companies use MediaWiki as a content management system. Novell has deployed it for several of its product websites, including openSUSE.
Some companies use MediaWiki as a content management system. Novell has deployed it for several of its product websites, including openSUSE.

One of the earliest differences between MediaWiki (and its predecessor, UseModWiki) and other wiki engines was the use of "free links" instead of CamelCase. Where, in a typical wiki, you would have to type a text like "WorldWideWeb" to create a link to a page about the World Wide Web, links in MediaWiki are created by surrounding words with double square brackets, and any spaces between them are left intact, e.g. [[World Wide Web]]. This change was logical for the purpose of creating an encyclopedia, where accuracy in titles is very important.

Namespaces

MediaWiki provides many features beyond hyperlinks for structuring content. One of the earliest features is namespaces. One problem for Wikipedia had long been the separation of encyclopedic content from discussions surrounding it, as well as personal pages about encyclopedia editors. Namespaces are prefixes before a page title (like "User:" or "Talk:") which allow a page to exist under multiple names, but serving different purposes depending on their prefix. For instance, a page "[[The Terminator]]" could describe the 1984 movie starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, while a page "[[User:The Terminator]]" could be a profile describing a user who chooses this name as a pseudonym. More commonly, each page has an associated "Talk:" page which can be used to discuss its contents. A list of the namespaces and their associated functionality is found below.

Namespaces can be viewed as folders which separate different basic types of information or functionality. While new namespaces can be added, the number of namespaces in a wiki is typically relatively low.

Subpages

In addition to namespaces, pages can be structured using subpages. This simple feature provides automatic backlinks from a page of the pattern [[Page title/Subpage title]] to the component before the slash (in this case, "Page title").

Categories

Finally, MediaWiki supports user-created categories. These are similar to tags used in many web applications, but hierarchical and descriptive. In large wikis like Wikipedia, very complex hierarchies have grown using this system without any central planning.[12]

Editable interface

The entire MediaWiki user interface can be edited through the wiki itself by users with the necessary permissions (typically so-called "administrators"). This is done through a special namespace with the prefix "MediaWiki:", where each page title identifies a particular user interface message. The "MediaWiki:" namespace was also originally used for creating custom text blocks that could then be dynamically loaded into other pages using a special syntax. This content was later moved into its own namespace, "Template:".

Templates

Templates are text blocks which can be dynamically loaded inside another page whenever that page is requested. Templates support parameters, so that parts of the text can be substituted for each specific use case.

Templates have found many different uses, such as:

  • Identifying problems with a Wikipedia article by putting a template (also called "tag" in this context) such as {{Disputed}} on the article. This template will then output a graphical box stating that the article is disputed, and also categorize it so that articles of this nature can be located.
  • Creating complex table layouts which are used consistently across multiple pages, and where only the content of the tables gets inserted using template parameters.
  • Sending users standard messages when they are blocked from editing, when their behavior is considered inappropriate, and so on. For this purpose, template substitution can be used: Instead of loading the template contents dynamically whenever the page is loaded, the contents of the template are inserted exactly once into the target page, similar to a copy and paste operation.


 

Media content

As the name MediaWiki suggests, the software has become ever more powerful at dealing with a wide variety of uploaded media files. Its richest functionality is in the area of images, where image galleries and thumbnails can be generated with relative ease if the software is set up correctly. There is also support for EXIF metadata. The use of MediaWiki to operate the Wikimedia Commons, one of the largest free content media archives, has driven the need for further functionality in this area.


 

WYSIWYG

On the level of editing, MediaWiki currently provides no native WYSIWYG support, though it does come with a graphical toolbar for simplifying the process of learning the wiki syntax. To make editing long pages such as comprehensive Wikipedia articles easier, MediaWiki supports editing only a small subsection of a page (as identified by its header). In addition, the wiki software comes with a simple interface to allow the transparent use of external editors for uploaded files and wiki pages.

Rich content

MediaWiki also supports rich content generated through specialized syntax. For example, the software comes with support for rendering mathematical formulas using LaTeX and a special parser written in OCaml. Similar functionality for other content, ranging from graphical timelines over mathematical plotting and musical scores to Egyptian hieroglyphs, is available in the form of extensions.

Special pages

MediaWiki comes with several so-called "special pages" to analyze relations between pages and page content, while also providing importer and exporter utilities. Additional software to analyze page content, such as Erik Zachte's "Wikistats" toolset, is available. An experimental API for external access to the wiki is under development, and a variety of scripts can be used to create "bots" which automatically perform specific tasks on a MediaWiki installation.

Customisable interface

If the feature is enabled, users can also customize their stylesheets and configure client-side JavaScript to be executed with every pageview. On Wikipedia, this has led to a large number of additional tools and helpers developed through the wiki and shared among users. For instance, Wikipedia user "Lupin" created a custom JavaScript tool that shows previews of articles when the user hovers over links, and also provides shortcuts for common maintenance tasks.[13]

Access and groups

While MediaWiki comes with a basic set of features related to restricting access and defining user groups, page access control does not tend to be given high priority in development. For instance, it is not possible to define the access permissions to pages on a per-namespace basis. Here, wikis like TWiki and MoinMoin provide more power by supporting advanced security mechanisms like Access Control Lists.

Extension

Semantic MediaWiki is one of the most powerful extensions to the MediaWiki core functionality. It provides the ability to add structured and searchable relations and attributes to wiki pages (cf. semantic web).
Semantic MediaWiki is one of the most powerful extensions to the MediaWiki core functionality. It provides the ability to add structured and searchable relations and attributes to wiki pages (cf. semantic web).

Extensions can be attached to MediaWiki.

  • Semantic MediaWiki
  • Wikidata

Performance

Because it is used to run one of the highest traffic sites on the World Wide Web, Wikipedia, MediaWiki performance and scalability have been highly optimized. MediaWiki supports Squid caches, load balanced database replication, client-side caching, memcached or table-based caching for frequently accessed processing or query results, a simple static file cache, feature-reduced operation, revision compression, and a job queue for database operations.

MediaWiki may be overdimensioned for small-scale usage, where its large feature set and use of a database backend take a performance toll. On the other hand, the software is suitable for the operation of large scale wiki farms, such as the Wikimedia project and language family. However, MediaWiki comes with no built-in functionality to manage such installations.
 


 

See also

 
  • Comparison of wiki software
  • GetWiki: a fork.
  • IpbWiki - Integration of Invision Power Board with MediaWiki
  • List of content management systems

References

  1. ^ "mutante". WikiStats by S23 - List of largest wikis. Retrieved on 2006-06-29.
  2. ^ e.g.: http://developer.novell.com/ ; http://hula-project.org/ ; http://en.opensuse.org/ ; http://www.ifolder.com/
  3. ^ Mayer, Daniel. Phase IV, Wikibooks.org/.com and WikimediaFoundation.org/.com (was Wikis and uniformity). Wikipedia-L mailing list archives. Retrieved on 2006-06-29.
  4. ^ Full release notes
  5. ^ Full release notes
  6. ^ Full release notes
  7. ^ Full release notes
  8. ^ Full release notes
  9. ^ Full release notes
  10. ^ Full release notes
  11. ^ Full release notes
  12. ^ Compare Erik Zachte's category trees generated from Wikipedia category information.
  13. ^ "Lupin". Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups. Retrieved on 2006-06-30.

External links

  • MediaWiki official homepage
  • Download and project page on SourceForge
  • MediaWiki on the Meta-Wiki, Wikimedia's meta website.
    • User's guide
    • Sites using MediaWiki
  • A Project engaged to use PostgreSQL as the backend database
  • A support forum for MediaWiki users and webmasters
  • Password protecting MediaWiki with mod_auth_mysql
  • MediaWiki user reviews
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki"